Effect of Light with Different Wavelengths on Nostoc flagelliforme Cells in Liquid Culture

( Yu Jie Dai ),( Jing Li ),( Shu Mei Wei ),( Nan Chen ),( Yu Peng Xiao ),( Zhi Lei Tan ),( Shi Ru Jia ),( Nan Nan Yuan ),( Ning Tan ),( Yi Jie Song ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2013 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.23 No.4

The effects of lights with different wavelengths on the growth and the yield of extracellular polysaccharides of Nostoc flagelliforme cells were investigated in a liquid cultivation. N. flagelliforme cells were cultured for 16 days in 500 ml conical flasks containing BG11 culture medium under 27 μmol·m-2·s-1 of light intensity and 25oC on a rotary shaker (140 rpm). The chlorophyll a, phycocyanin, allophycocyanin, and phycoerythrin contents in N. flagelliforme cells under the lights of different wavelengths were also measured. It was found that the cell biomass and the yield of polysaccharide changed with different wavelengths of light. The biomass and the yield of extracellular polysaccharides under the red or violet light were higher than those under other light colors. Chlorophyll a, phycocyanin, and allophycocyanin are the main pigments in N. flagelliforme cells. The results showed that N. flagelliforme, like other cyanobacteria, has the ability of adjusting the contents and relative ratio of its pigments with the light quality. As a conclusion, N. flagelliforme cells favor red and violet lights and perform the complementary chromatic adaptation ability to acclimate to the changes of the light quality in the environment.

Clinicopathological Features and Prognosis of Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: Analysis from a Single-institution

Zeng, Yu-Jie,Liu, Lu,Wu, Heng,Lai, Wei,Cao, Jie-Zhi,Xu, He-Yang,Wang, Jie,Chu, Zhong-Hua Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.10

Background: The gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm (GEP-NEN) is the most common type of neuroendocrine neoplasm. We summarized data in our centre to investigate the clinicopathological features, diagnostic methods, therapeutic approaches and prognosis for this neoplasm to increase knowledge of this disease in Asian populations. Method: A total of 122 patients treated at Sun Yet-san Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between January 2000 and December 2011 were analyzed retrospectively. Results: Pancreas was the most common site of involvement (65/122, 53.3%); this disease has no special symptoms; positive rates of chromogranin A (CgA) and synaptophysin (Syn) were 81.1% and 87.7%, respectively. The positive rate of Syn had statistical difference among the three grades, but not CgA. Some 68 patients had G1 tumors, 32 G2 tumors and 22 G3 tumors, and Chi-square test showed that higher grading was correlated with worse prognosis (${\chi}^2=32.825$, P=0.0001). A total of 32 patients presented with distant metastasis, and 8 cases emerged during following up. Cox proportional hazards regression modeling showed that the tumor grade (P=0.01), lymphatic metastasis (P=0.025) and distant metastasis (P=0.031) were predictors of unfavorable prognosis. The overall 5-year survival rate was 39.6%, the 5-year survival rate of G1 was 55.7%, and the G2 and G3 were 34.2% and 0%, respectively. Conclusions: The incidence of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors has risen over the last 12 years. All grades of these diseases metastasize readily, and further research regarding the treatment of patients after radical surgery is needed to prolong disease-free survival.

Taguchi Approach for Anti-heat Stress Prescription Compatibility in Mice Spleen Lymphocytes In Vitro

Xiao-yu Zhu,Gui-lin Cheng,Feng-hua Liu,Jin Yu,Yu-jie Wang,Tong-quan Yu,Jian-qin Xu,Ming Wang 대한약학회 2011 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.34 No.7

Heat stress (HS) may induce immunosuppression as well as inhibit the proliferation of lymphocytes. This study evaluated the effects on immune function of our prescription on splenic lymphocytes under HS as well as its compatibility. The effects of four herbal extracts from Agastache rugosa, Atractylodes lancea, Cortex Phellodendri, and Gypsum Fibrosum on heat treated splenic lymphocytes were investigated and the compatibility of the prescription was also explored by using the Taguchi method. This study revealed changes in proliferation by traditional Chinese medicines of splenic lymphocytes after HS. Proliferation in the HS group was significantly lower than the control group. Under HS, the effects of higher concentrations of Agastache rugosa (100 and 200 μg/mL), Atractylodes lancea (100 and 200 μg/mL), Cortex Phellodendri (50 and 100 μg/mL) and Gypsum Fibrosum (100 and 200 μg/mL) caused a significant increase on ConA/LPS-induced proliferation of lymphocytes than lower concentrations. We, therefore, conclude that the prescription of traditional Chinese medicines may recover splenic lymphocytes from the immunosuppression induced by HS. The Taguchi design, which allows rapid and high efficiency for the selection of the best conditions for our prescription on HS-treated splenic lymphocytes, demonstrated that Agastache rugosa (200 μg/mL), Atractylodes lancea (200 μg/mL), Cortex Phellodendri (100 μg/mL) and Gypsum Fibrosum (100 μg/mL)were the optimal conditions for the prescription. The validation experiment confirmed that our composition in optimum extraction conditions enhanced effects on ConA or LPS-stimulated lymphocytes under HS. The results showed that the Taguchi optimization approach is a suitable method for optimization of the composition of prescription.

Transcriptional activation of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 6 by 17β-estradiol in SaOS-2 cells

Yu-yan Zhao,Lei Guo,Xiao-juan Zhao,Hong Liu,Tian Lei,Dong-jie Ma,Xiao-yu Gao 생화학분자생물학회 2009 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.41 No.7

Osteoblasts can synthesize the insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and the IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs), which may either enhance or attenuate IGF-stimulated bone cell proliferation. Since estrogen induced osteoblastic differentiation and proliferation through an estrogen- responsive gene in target cells, we investigated the effects of estrogen on IGFBP-6 expression in the human osteoblastic-like cell line SaOS-2. Expressions of IGFBP-6 protein and mRNA increased 2.8 and 2-fold, respectively, in the presence of 17-β-estradiol (E2) (0.01 to 1 μM) and estrogen receptor (ER) in SaOS-2 cells. On the other hand, E2 induced a 2-fold increase in SaOS-2 cell proliferation. To identify genomic sequences associated with estrogen responsiveness, the 5'-promoter region (-44 to +118) of the IGFBP-6 gene was cloned into a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter vector. E2 induced a 3-fold increase in CAT activity in SaOS-2 cells transiently transfected with this construct. Identification of the estrogen- responsive element (ERE) [5'-CCTTCA CCTG-3'] (-9 to +1) in this IGFBP-6 gene promoter region was confirmed using electromobility shift assays and deletion analysis. This functional ERE was important for E2-induced trans-activation of the IGFBP-6 gene. These results demonstrate that E2 exhibits a positive effect on IGFBP-6 gene transcription through estrogen- liganded ER binding to the functional ERE in the IGFBP-6 gene promoter in SaOS-2 cells. Osteoblasts can synthesize the insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and the IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs), which may either enhance or attenuate IGF-stimulated bone cell proliferation. Since estrogen induced osteoblastic differentiation and proliferation through an estrogen- responsive gene in target cells, we investigated the effects of estrogen on IGFBP-6 expression in the human osteoblastic-like cell line SaOS-2. Expressions of IGFBP-6 protein and mRNA increased 2.8 and 2-fold, respectively, in the presence of 17-β-estradiol (E2) (0.01 to 1 μM) and estrogen receptor (ER) in SaOS-2 cells. On the other hand, E2 induced a 2-fold increase in SaOS-2 cell proliferation. To identify genomic sequences associated with estrogen responsiveness, the 5'-promoter region (-44 to +118) of the IGFBP-6 gene was cloned into a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter vector. E2 induced a 3-fold increase in CAT activity in SaOS-2 cells transiently transfected with this construct. Identification of the estrogen- responsive element (ERE) [5'-CCTTCA CCTG-3'] (-9 to +1) in this IGFBP-6 gene promoter region was confirmed using electromobility shift assays and deletion analysis. This functional ERE was important for E2-induced trans-activation of the IGFBP-6 gene. These results demonstrate that E2 exhibits a positive effect on IGFBP-6 gene transcription through estrogen- liganded ER binding to the functional ERE in the IGFBP-6 gene promoter in SaOS-2 cells.

“The strength to bear my wounds”: Mazeppa and the Quest for Vigor in Adversity

( Yu Jie-ae ) 대한영어영문학회 2009 영어영문학연구 Vol.35 No.2

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the multifaceted sides of Mazeppa’s physical and mental sufferings, revealed by the symbolic ramifications of his compelled expedition into the dark, vast woods. It will examine how Byron’s Mazeppa depicts the procedure in which Mazeppa undergoes his physical and mental torments, unveiling his diverse and complex attitudes toward the adverse states of distress and misery. We will scrutinize the dynamic and subtle layers of Mazeppa’s thoughts and actions, which feature his various responses to the ordeals, and his attempts to resist or embrace them through his willpower. The essay will also consider how Mazeppa’s spiritual journey, accompanying his stoical search for vitality and relief, is enriched with an extensive range of unexpected and ironic consequences, which pave the way for the heroes of Beppo, The Island, and Canto III of Don Juan. (Changwon National University)

Edward Young’s Night Thoughts Ⅲ and John Donne’s The First Anniversary : Some Points of Contact

Yu, Jie-Ae(유지애) 새한영어영문학회 2021 새한영어영문학 Vol.63 No.1

This article investigates how Edward Young reuses John Donne’s 1611 poem The First Anniversary in the third part of Night Thoughts (1742). Young creatively reshapes the latter’s work in light of structural pattern, characterization, and thematic concerns. Donne’s deep reflections on the virtue of the dead and his awareness of its opposite tainted features of this world motivate Young to conceive similar ideas. However, due to Young’s intention to scrutinize a variety of the internal facets of human virtues and infirmities. he creates multiple characters such as Narcissa, Philander, and Lorenzo in contrast with Donne’s portrayal of a single figure in The First Anniversary. The paper also examines how Young incorporates his prominent consideration of contemporaries’ need to meditate on the intangible world after death whilst preoccupied with materialistic comprehension of the universe and pursue sensual ways of life.

Articulating Exile, Bereavement, and Spiritual Enhancement in The Wanderer

Yu Jie-Ae(유지애) 새한영어영문학회 2011 새한영어영문학 Vol.53 No.2

The key purpose of this article is to investigate how The Wanderer, an Old English elegiac poem, epitomizes the protagonist’s reflections on his afflictive encounters with the repercussions of exile and bereavement necessitated by turbulent, tragic battles. Furthermore, the paper scrutinizes how he regenerates a vigorous, spiritual response to overcome these distressing ordeals of life during his sea voyage. Numerous textual evidences show his relentless search for undertaking his fated, grief-stricken circumstances with stoic forbearance and wise acceptance. Hence, the poem embodies an implicative, spiritual wayfaring of the Wanderer, which certainly features an internal procedure of forbearing the hard times imposed by both the separation and deprivation of his precedent exuberance and stability. Despite the recurring elegiac motif inherent in the poem, a number of other textual instances also reveal the Wanderer’s vibrant response to such a depressing mood, which enables him to bring forth an enhancement into his mind. He enlarges his despondent perspectives of the transitory facets of this world into an unswerving credence in the religious dimension of immortality, whereby exhilarating his spiritual vigor and reinforcement.

Suppressed Passions: Lord Byron`s The Two Foscari

( Jie Ae Yu ) 한국영어영문학회 2003 영어 영문학 Vol.49 No.4

It is a little known fact that Lord Byron, who is mainly regarded as a poet, composed eight closet dramas between 1816 and 1823. Despite the fact that these plays demonstrate a considerable amount of dramatic skill, both Romantic and modem critics have largely identified their characters with Byron himself, This stereotypical perception of the poet`s private life, known as the Byronic myth, has led many critics to presume that the protagonists of his dramas are little more than self-portraits, and hence to dismiss the objectivity which Byron achieves through his use of plot structure, theme, ideas and various dramatic techniques. Byron`s historical tragedy, The Two Foscari (written and published in1823), is based upon the tragic lives of an aristocratic father and son who lived in Venice in the fourteenth century. The play`s dramatic subject is the conflict between the Foscaris` sense of duty and patriotism, and the opposing tyranny of the Venetian oligarchy. In portraying this clash, Byron explores ideas of individual will, reason, patriotism, and public responsibility developed by Stoic philosophers such as cicero, Seneca, and Montaigne. At the same time, Byron is alert to the dilemma and limitations of stoic philosophy, which prohibits the expression of emotions. This crucial aspect of the play is embodied by the dramatic contrast which Byron sets up between the emotionally controlled Foscaris and the antithetical figures Marina and Loredano, who are ruled by their passions. Byron thus draws upon contemporary dramas about passion, in particular, those written by Joanna Baillie. Byron`s dramatic skill is further evident during key moments in the play when he interweaves silence and speech. In The Two Foscari Byron also seeks to transcend the limitations of Romantic theater, which tended to be frivolous and melodramatic. He perceived that the contemporary stage lacked the potential to display the subtleties of ideas, theme, and characters` interior worlds. Avoiding the faults of stage representation, Byron makes best use of the freedom of his chosen dramatic form. Lastly, the play also challenges conventional misconceptions about the depth of Byron`s religious and moral feelings.

The Regulation of Root Pruning and Soil Water Content to Apple Leaf Water Use Efficiency

Yu-Ling Jie,Hong-Qiang Yang 한국원예학회 2006 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

Matthew Arnold’s Sohrab and Rustum : Unfurling Characterization and Thematic Manifestations

Yu, Jie-Ae 한국중앙영어영문학회 2021 영어영문학연구 Vol.63 No.4

This article examines how Arnold’s narrative poem Sohrab and Rustum manifests unique features of two main characters in reference to concepts of unknown irresistible power and man’s relentless defiance. This poem, published during the early stage of Arnold’s literary career in 1853, resonates Sophoclean concepts of the clash between fate and human pride. While dealing with Arnoldian awareness of the Greek dramatic allusion, this paper also highlights his anticipation of later figures, for instance, Thyrsis and poetic speakers who reflect the spirit of Sohrab and Rustum but show their own unique personalities. It also argues that Arnold’s characterization in Sohrab and Rustum establishes key concepts of the bounds of human wishes and enterprises against their adverse forces. While scrutinizing this aspect, the paper relates this aspect to Arnold’s earlier works. In addition, it demonstrates that his portrayals of the characters foreshadows a wide range of the subsequent construction of his literary oeuvre which associates with the speaker’s elegiac lyric sensitivity to the era of spiritual turmoil and the author’s dynamic portrayals of the paradox and irony of man’s life and the world.