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Jay Bok Choi,김동명,이충현,김대환,김대정,D.W. Kang,G.C. Kang,H. T. Kim,이진구,J.U. Lee,K. S. Roh,K. Y. Kim,민경식,S. W. Kim,이순영,S.H. Seo 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.49 No.4
In this paper, a novel characterization technique is presented to quantitatively extract the energy distribution of interface states in the gate-to-drain overlapped region of MOSFETs. Optical excitation with a sub-bandgap optical power (Eph = 0.95 eV < Eg,Si = 1.12 eV) is applied over the MOSFETs and the gate-induced drain leakage (GIDL) current, named the optically-induced GIDL, and the energy distribution of interface states in the gate-to-drain overlapped region of MOSFETs can be extracted. The increased drain leakage current under sub-bandgap optical illumination is expected to be predominantly caused by optical trap-assisted tunneling (optical GIDL current, IOTAT = IGIDL = ID,opt . ID,dark). Combining analytical models for the GIDL current, which is increased only by trap-assisted tunneling under sub-bandgap photonic excitation, we extracted interface-state density in the gate-to-drain overlapped region, excluding the band-to-band tunneling current in the off-state drain leakages in MOSFETs. Our optical GIDL current measurement is shown to be in good agreement with the results of the charge pumping and photonic gated diode method (PGDM) results for interface states in MOSFETs. In this paper, a novel characterization technique is presented to quantitatively extract the energy distribution of interface states in the gate-to-drain overlapped region of MOSFETs. Optical excitation with a sub-bandgap optical power (Eph = 0.95 eV < Eg,Si = 1.12 eV) is applied over the MOSFETs and the gate-induced drain leakage (GIDL) current, named the optically-induced GIDL, and the energy distribution of interface states in the gate-to-drain overlapped region of MOSFETs can be extracted. The increased drain leakage current under sub-bandgap optical illumination is expected to be predominantly caused by optical trap-assisted tunneling (optical GIDL current, IOTAT = IGIDL = ID,opt . ID,dark). Combining analytical models for the GIDL current, which is increased only by trap-assisted tunneling under sub-bandgap photonic excitation, we extracted interface-state density in the gate-to-drain overlapped region, excluding the band-to-band tunneling current in the off-state drain leakages in MOSFETs. Our optical GIDL current measurement is shown to be in good agreement with the results of the charge pumping and photonic gated diode method (PGDM) results for interface states in MOSFETs.
Kim, Eun-Joo,Kim, Young-Eun,Jang, Ja-Hyun,Cho, Eun-Hae,Na, Duk L.,Seo, Sang Won,Jung, Na-Yeon,Jeong, Jee H.,Kwon, Jay C.,Park, Kee Hyung,Park, Kyung Won,Lee, Jae-Hong,Roh, Jee Hoon,Kim, Hee-Jin,Yoon, Elsevier 2018 NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING Vol.72 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>To identify pathogenic variants in 107 Korean patients with sporadic frontotemporal dementia (FTD), 46 genes related to FTD, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and other dementias were screened by next-generation sequencing. Hexanucleotide repeats in <I>C9orf72</I> gene were also tested by repeat-primed polymerase chain reaction. Next-generation sequencing revealed one known pathogenic variant (c.708+1G>A) in the <I>GRN</I> gene in a patient with behavioral variant FTD (bvFTD). In addition, a novel in-frame deletion (c.2675_2683del) in the <I>CSF1R</I> gene was identified in a patient with bvFTD who had severe bifrontal atrophy with frontal subcortical white matter changes. Novel compound heterozygous variants in the <I>AARS2</I> gene, c.1040+1G>A and c.636G>A (p.Met212Ile), were found in a patient with bvFTD. Forty-six variants of uncertain significance were detected in other patients. None of the patients had expanded hexanucleotide repeats in <I>C9orf72</I>. These results show that pathogenic variants of known FTD genes are rare in Korean FTD patients but the <I>CSF1R</I> and <I>AARS2</I> genes should be screened for a genetic diagnosis of FTD or other dementias.</P>
Highly stable trypsin-aggregate coatings on polymer nanofibers for repeated protein digestion
Kim, Byoung Chan,Lopez-Ferrer, Daniel,Lee, Sang-Mok,Ahn, Hye-Kyung,Nair, Sujith,Kim, Seong H.,Kim, Beom Soo,Petritis, Konstantinos,Camp, David G.,Grate, Jay W.,Smith, Richard D.,Koo, Yoon-Mo,Gu, Man B WILEY-VCH Verlag 2009 Proteomics Vol.9 No.7
<P>A stable and robust trypsin-based biocatalytic system was developed and demonstrated for proteomic applications. The system utilizes polymer nanofibers coated with trypsin aggregates for immobilized protease digestions. After covalently attaching an initial layer of trypsin to the polymer nanofibers, highly concentrated trypsin molecules are crosslinked to the layered trypsin by way of a glutaraldehyde treatment. This process produced a 300-fold increase in trypsin activity compared with a conventional method for covalent trypsin immobilization, and proved to be robust in that it still maintained a high level of activity after a year of repeated recycling. This highly stable form of immobilized trypsin was resistant to autolysis, enabling repeated digestions of BSA over 40 days and successful peptide identification by LC-MS/MS. This active and stable form of immobilized trypsin was successfully employed in the digestion of yeast proteome extract with high reproducibility and within shorter time than conventional protein digestion using solution phase trypsin. Finally, the immobilized trypsin was resistant to proteolysis when exposed to other enzymes (i.e., chymotrypsin), which makes it suitable for use in “real-world” proteomic applications. Overall, the biocatalytic nanofibers with trypsin aggregate coatings proved to be an effective approach for repeated and automated protein digestion in proteomic analyses.</P>
Molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial DNA release and activation of the cGAS-STING pathway
Kim Jeonghan,Kim Ho-Shik,Chung Jay H. 생화학분자생물학회 2023 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.55 No.-
In addition to constituting the genetic material of an organism, DNA is a tracer for the recognition of foreign pathogens and a trigger of the innate immune system. cGAS functions as a sensor of double-stranded DNA fragments and initiates an immune response via the adaptor protein STING. The cGAS-STING pathway not only defends cells against various DNA-containing pathogens but also modulates many pathological processes caused by the immune response to the ectopic localization of self-DNA, such as cytosolic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and extranuclear chromatin. In addition, macrophages can cause inflammation by forming a class of protein complexes called inflammasomes, and the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome requires the release of oxidized mtDNA. In innate immunity related to inflammasomes, mtDNA release is mediated by macropores that are formed on the outer membrane of mitochondria via VDAC oligomerization. These macropores are specifically formed in response to mitochondrial stress and tissue damage, and the inhibition of VDAC oligomerization mitigates this inflammatory response. The rapidly expanding area of research on the mechanisms by which mtDNA is released and triggers inflammation has revealed new treatment strategies not only for inflammation but also, surprisingly, for neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Boeun Kim,Hong Jang,Moon-Ho Eom,Jay H. Lee 제어로봇시스템학회 2014 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.10
Biobutanol is considered to be a promising choice for renewable fuel due to its high energy content, low volatility, and low water solubility. However, the production of biobutanol through fermentation is complicated by the fact that butanol inhibits the microorganism’s cell growth and therefore the butanol production when its concentration in the fermentation broth reaches a certain critical level. In order to raise the volumetric productivity to a commercially acceptable level, produced biobutanol needs to be separated out as the fermentation is on-going. In this study, a continuous extractive fermentation process integrated with an ex-situ adsorption recovery process is studied to overcome this limitation. Switching of the adsorption column upon the saturation yields a continuous process with a cyclic steady state behavior. A dynamic model for the integrated process is developed and an optimization is performed based on the cyclic steady state analysis in order to design an optimal operation strategy that satisfies given requirements.
차동진,Jay H. Kim,주용진 대한기계학회 2009 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.23 No.6
Combustion instability is a major issue in design of gas turbine combustors for efficient operation with low emissions. A transfer matrix-based approach is developed in this work for the stability analysis of gas turbine combustors. By viewing the combustor cavity as a one-dimensional acoustic system with a side branch, the heat source located inside the cavity can be described as the input to the system. The combustion process is modeled as a closed-loop feedback system, which enables utilization of well-established classic control theories for the stability analysis. Due to the inherent advantage of the transfer matrix method and control system representation, modeling and analysis of the system becomes a straightforward task even for a combustor of the complex geometry. The approach is applied to the stability analysis of a simple combustion system to demonstrate its validity and effectiveness.