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Modeling the capacitive deionization batch mode operation for desalination
Y.A.C. Jande,김우승 한국공업화학회 2014 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.20 No.5
Capacitive deionization (CDI) is an emerging desalination technology in which saline water flows through a pair of polarized/biased electrodes. The cations and anions are attracted towards the negative and positive electrodes, respectively. In CDI operation there are two possible modes: single pass and batch mode. In single pass operation, saline water passes only once through the CDI cell, whereas in batch mode operation, the fixed volume of saline water is recycled continuously until a steady state is reached. This paper presents the transient response of the CDI cell under batch mode operation. The model is developed by taking into account single pass CDI operation and the mixing phenomena that occur in the recycling tank. The developed model was successfully validated using experimental data, and the model helped to derive the equation for predicting the steady state of the CDI cell for the given operating parameters: flow rate, saline water quantity, CDI capacitance, CDI resistance, spacer volume, dead volume, applied potential, and initial concentration of the saline water.
장평우 청주대학교 산업과학연구소 2005 産業科學硏究 Vol.22 No.3
3 dimensional FEM was used to improve dc bias current permeability of MPP core. In the simulation magnet size and magneto-motive force was varied. With increasing magnet size, bias field and permeability increased and decreased, respectively. However, increasing rate of bias field and decreasing rate of permeability decreased with magnet size. From the simulation it could be shown that a thin NdFeB magnet thinner than 1.2 mm can be effectively used for bias core. Bias core with 1.0 mm NdFeB magnet was manufactured and its properties were analyzed. As a results utility of bias MPP core suggestion could be demonstrated. However, core loss should be reduced for commercialization.
Saleem, Muhammad Wajid,Jande, Y.A.C.,Kim, Woo-Seung Elsevier 2017 Journal of electroanalytical chemistry Vol.795 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A capacitive deionization (CDI) system is one of the emerging desalination technologies used to purify brackish water. It is an electrochemical technology that uses electrically charged porous electrodes to remove salt ions from water. In this study, we developed a process model by integrating CDI with reverse electrodialysis (RED) for the production of pure water and energy. RED is a power generation technology that uses the mixing entropy of water with high and low salt concentrations. Desalination with low energy consumption and high water recovery (WR) was a design preference for this integrated electrochemical model. CDI system was optimized with a series four pass reverse current desorption (RCD) method to achieve WR of almost 96.7% that was previously 50–80% on average. Moreover, an artificial salinity gradient was also produced for RED to generate energy through this four-pass RCD method of CDI. The concentration gain ratio (CGR), WR of CDI, and power density of RED was numerically assessed with different number of desorption passes and for CDI desorption current. WR and CGR value in CDI increased to 96% and 25, respectively, with the increase of number of desorption passes to four. Two stage RED cell system is used to get energy from salinity gradient produced through CDI. Energy consumption of 1.5kJ/l for pure water production was reduced to 0.58kJ/l with this purposed integrated four-pass CDI-RED system. This integrated electrochemical system reduced desalination energy consumption as well reducing environmental pollution with an eco-friendly, renewable power generation method and a reduction in the CDI disposal concentration.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Optimized the electrochemical desalination process for water recovery </LI> <LI> Four pass desorption method was employed to integrate the CDI-RED model. </LI> <LI> Concentration gain ratio, water recovery, and energy consumption is used for performance assessment. </LI> </UL> </P>
함계운,박준일,장대정 경상대학교 생산기술연구소 2003 工學硏究院論文集 Vol.19 No.-
The calmness inside a harbor plays an important role in the appropriate disposition of harbor structures. However, it is not easy to get the accurate computational results because it is affected by many factors concerning with the wave transformation. Recently, numerical model tests which are more economic and rapid than hydraulic model experiments, are carried out for the purpose of analyzing wave height distribution in harbors. This paper presents the numerical model which is able to calculate wave height inside a harbor. It is based upon the time-dependent mild slope equation involving wave refraction, diffraction, shoaling effect and reflection. In particular, the arbitrary reflectivity is used at the boundary in order to simulate the real harbor reflection condition. The proposed numerical model is applied to Samcheon port in order to investigated harbor calmness.
(Bi_xSb_1-x)NbO₄Ceramic System의 소결온도에 따른 Raman Spectrum
유윤식,배일환,장민수,노지현 동의대학교 기초과학연구소 1991 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.1 No.1
Raman spectra for the sintering temperature variation of BiNbO₄ceramics and SbNbO₄ceramics were investigated. As a result, Raman spectra of BiNbO₄ceramics were very stable in the range 900℃-1000℃ and 1100℃-1190℃, Raman spectra of SbNbO₄ceramics were stable in the range 975℃-1000℃. On the bases of the results, Raman spectra for the sintering temperature variation of (Bi_xSb_1-x)NbO₄ceramic systems (0.1≤x≤0.9) were examined.
남북한 스포츠교류가 대학생의 정부신뢰와 통일의식에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구
원종윤(Won Jong-yoon),장지연(Jand Ji-hyun),이형일(Lee, Hyung-il) 한국사회체육학회 2021 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.- No.85
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to grasp the effect of sports exchanges between North and South Korea on university students’ trust in government and their reunification consciousness and to provide policies for them. Method: After the sampling frame was created, a total of 720 samples were extracted using the random number table. Among the collected data, 642 data were used as the final analysis data except for the question marked with the missing value or double labeling. In order to obtain the validity of the measurement tools used in this study, exploratory factor analysis was performed, and Cronbach’s α value was extracted to ensure reliability. In this study, frequency analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were performed according to SPSS WIN 21.0 statistical program. Results: First, institutional apparatus and sustainable exchange for the effect of substantial exchanges linked to reunification were needed. Second, it was necessary to promote policies and programs that allow university students to participate in the program through the diffusion to the private sectors and local governments. Third, reunification education and information openness were very necessary. Fourth, there should be government preparation and willingness to act and active participation of private sectors. Fifth, the enhancement of the government’s administrative trust, and ability to act & cope with the situation was the key to enhancing the trust of the government. Conclusion: The rapid and diverse exchange and cooperation for reunification should lead to the establishment of institutional apparatus and practical implementation.
Singhal, B.K.,Dhar, Anil,Sharma, Aradhana,Jand, Seema,Bindroo, B.B.,Saxena, N.N.,Khan, M.A. Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2003 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.6 No.2
Mathematical constants for multiplication with leaf length (I) or breadth (b) or l ${\times}$ b have been worked out for determining leaf area in promising mulberry genotypes viz., Chinese White, S-146, Chak Majra and Sujanpur Local of sub-tropical India. When pooled, the mathematical constants worked out were 8.1132, 10.1019 and 0.5992 for multiplication with leaf length, breadth and l ${\times}$ b, respectively, for genotypes bearing un-lobbed leaves and 6.9447, 8.2761 and 0.5009 for multiplication with leaf length, breadth and l ${\times}$ b, respectively for genotypes bearing lobbed leaves. Leaf area can be worked out by using any constant by multiplying either with leaf length or breadth or both (l ${\times}$ b). Estimated leaf areas worked out were found significantly and positively correlated with actual leaf area (r=999$^{**}$). The suggested present non-destructive method by using mathematical constants is very quick and alternative to electronic leaf area meter for spot leaf area determination in mulberry which is the only food source for mulberry silkworm in sericulture industry.