李奎報『鏡說』主題考

이희목(Hee-mok Lee) 동양한문학회(구 부산한문학회) 2016 동양한문학연구 Vol.43 No.-

이규보가 지은 『鏡說』의 주제에 대해 다시 살폈다. 『鏡說』은 국어교과서에 번역되어 수록될 정도로 매우 대중적인 작품임에도 불구하고 그 동안의 연구에서는 그 주제를 주로 처세와 관련한 것으로 잘 못 파악하였고, 인터넷 상의 학원 강사들의 블로그를 중심으로 그러한 연구 결과가 비판 없이 답습되어 왔다. 鏡說의 주제를 처세와 관련된 것으로 파악하면 도저히 납득되지 않는면이 많아 다시 살핀 결과 경설의 주제는 문인의 문학 작품 창작과 그 태도와 관련한 것으로 파악되었다. 즉 부조리한 현실을 진실하게 작품에 담아내면서도 외부의 폭력으로부터 자신을 지키려는 문학 작가의 헌신이요 노력이라고 할 수 있다. 그런데 이는 이미 80년대 초에 조동일 선생에 의해 천명 된 바 있지만 학계에서는 전혀 수용되지 않았다. 鏡說에 대한 정확한 이해는 이 작품이 대중적인 만큼 그 중요도도 높아진다고 할 것이다. I reconsidered the subject of Kyeongsul(鏡說) which was written by Kyu-bo Lee. The theme of Kyeongsul(鏡說) has been misinterpreted as worldly wisdom in previous studies, even if the work is very famous enough to be included in Korean literature textbooks. We has been following this erroneous interpretation without criticism, and the main reason is private instructors' web blog. If Kyeongsul(鏡說) ’s theme is worldly wisdom, there are many fallacies. As a result of reconsideration, the theme of Kyeongsul(鏡說) is writing literary works and writer’s attitude. Kyeongsul(鏡說) expresses irrationalities of the society and writers’ devotion to protect themselves from external interferences. It was already clarified by Dong-il Cho in the early ‘80s, but it didn’t accepted at all in the academic world. It becomes more important to exactly understand Kyeongsul(鏡說) because of its popularity.

법랑아세포종에서 apoptosis 연관 인자 발현과 apoptitic index

목동진,박진배,윤혜경,김우형,이희철 인제대학교 백병원 2002 仁濟醫學 Vol.23 No.4

Objective : Ameloblastoma is a common odontogenic benign tumor of the jaw bone. However, it might be able to infiltrate into the adjacent tissue, causing bony destruction and high recurrent rate. The aim of this study is to understand the biologic behavior of ameloblastoma through immunohistochemi cal stainings for apoptosis-related markers of bcl-2, box and caspase-3, examining the apoptosis index and simultanecusly. performing the same tests on MIB-1, which is a marker of cell-proliferationg capacity and p53, which is related with tumor malignancy, and also study the differences between the above marker's expressions and their relationships. Methods and Material : The 39 cases of ameloblastoma were used after the surgery conducted at the Pusan Back Hospital and the Pusan University Hospital during the period from January 1991 to June 2001. The clinical parameters were recorded by patent's age, sex, location of tumor, treatment modality, radiologic findings and recurrences. Based on hematoxylin & eosin findings, they were histologicaly subdivided into follicular and non-follicular. Immunohistochemical stainings for bcl-2, bax, caspase-3. p53 and MIB-1 and TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labelling method for apoptosis were performed and also statistical analyses were conducted between clinicopathologic parameters and expressions for bcl-2, bax, caspase-3, p53 and MIB-1 and apoptosis. Results : six(15.4%) recurrences were found out of 39 cases. For the patient's age of 40 and above, found a higher recurrence rate(p=0.0182) and multilocular on X-ray(p=0.0640), but there were no significant differences between recurrence rate, sex, location of tumor, treatment modality and histologic subtype. Apoptosis was found in 10(25.6%) of 39 cases and bcl-2 was(20.5%), bax was 21(53.8%), caspase-3 was 19(48.7%). the positive reaction for p53 was 13 cases(33.3%) and 5(12.8) cases for MIB-1. In the positive case of apoptosis and MIB=1, both of them have showed an increasing tendency of high recurrence, but there were no statistical significance. It showed no significant relationship between expression rates of bcl-2, bax, caspase-3 and p53 and recurrence rate. In follicular type, bcl-2 and p53 positive reaction revealed increasing tendency, however, no significant relationship between radiological finding, expressions of apoptosis, bax, caspase-3 and MIB-1 and histologic subtype has found. No significant relationship between apoptosis and apoptosis-related markers as bcl-2, bax, and caspase-3 expressions has found. There was a significant relationship between bcl-2 and p53 expressions(p<0.01), but no significant differences of apoptosis and expressions of bax and caspase-3 according to p53 and MIB-1 expressions have noted. Conclusion : Apoptosis-related bcl-2, bax, caspase-3 expressions and p53 and MIB-1 expressions are involved in the development of ameloblastoma and high recurrent rate is related to the age of more than 40 years, multichambered lesion and the positive reaction for apoptosis and MIB-1. These finding suggest that patient's age, radiologic findings, apoptosis and proliferation activity of ameloblastoma could be useful markers to predict recurrence.

CONVERGENT THEOREM FOR FUZZY MAPPING

이희춘,김주목 尙志大學校 生産技術硏究所 1998 生産技術論叢 Vol.6 No.-

퍼지 확률변수의 개념과 그의 기대값을 정의함으로써, 퍼지사상의 수준집합의 성질과 응용성을 연구하였다. 또한, 어떤 조건하에서의 퍼지사상에 대한 수렴정리를 증명하였다.

Aggregate Packet Process having Pareto distribution as Source

이희춘,김주목 尙志大學校 生産技術硏究所 1998 生産技術論叢 Vol.6 No.-

독립적이며 같은 분포를 갖는 ON/OFF source를 갖는 패킷을 고려하자. ON/OFF source가 무한한 분산을 갖는 파레토분포일 때, 누적 패킷확률과정이 브라운 운동 ??와 경과된 시간 t에 대한 일차 결합 ???(t) 으로 표현된다. 이 때, 파레토 분포의 평균과 자체-유사 계수 H 에 의존되며 정하여지는 상수 a, b를 구하였다.

개에서 피지선 과형성의 진단 및 치료 증례

박희서,손화영,정성목,송근호,조종기,이영원,신상태,김명철,김덕환,박성준 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 2004 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.12 No.-

An eleven year old castrated male Maltese was presented to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Chungnam National University. In physical examination, approximately 0.5 cm round mass was observed on tail base. This small elevated mass has also shown alopecic and firm configuration. It was differentially diagnosed as sebaceous adenoma and hyperplasia by fine needle aspiration. After surgical removal, the sample was diagnosed as sebaceous hyperplasia by histopathological examination. It has not yet shown any signs of recurrence and prognosis has teen good.

A role for Leu247 residue within transmembrane domain 2 in ginsenoside-mediated α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor regulation

Lee, Byung-Hwan,Choi, Sun-Hye,Pyo, Mi Kyung,Shin, Tae-Joon,Hwang, Sung-Hee,Kim, Bo-Ra,Lee, Sang-MoK,Lee, Jun-Ho,Lee, Joon-Hee,Lee, Hui Sun,Choe, Han,Han, Kyou-Hoon,Kim, Hyoung-Chun,Rhim, Hyewhon,Yong, Springer-Verlag 2009 Molecules and cells Vol.27 No.5

<P>Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) play important roles in nervous system functions and are involved in a variety of diseases. We previously demonstrated that ginsenosides, the active ingredients of Panax ginseng, inhibit subsets of nAChR channel currents, but not alpha7, expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Mutation of the highly conserved Leu247 to Thr247 in the transmembrane domain 2 (TM2) channel pore region of alpha7 nAChR induces alterations in channel gating properties and converts alpha7 nAChR antagonists into agonists. In the present study, we assessed how point mutations in the Leu247 residue leading to various amino acids affect 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg(3) (Rg(3)) activity against the alpha7 nAChR. Mutation of L247 to L247A, L247D, L247E, L247I, L247S, and L247T, but not L247K, rendered mutant receptors sensitive to Rg(3). We further characterized Rg(3) regulation of L247T receptors. We found that Rg(3) inhibition of mutant alpha7 nAChR channel currents was reversible and concentration-dependent. Rg(3) inhibition was strongly voltage-dependent and noncompetitive manner. These results indicate that the interaction between Rg(3) and mutant receptors might differ from its interaction with the wild-type receptor. To identify differences in Rg(3) interactions between wild-type and L247T receptors, we utilized docked modeling. This modeling revealed that Rg(3) forms hydrogen bonds with amino acids, such as Ser240 of subunit I and Thr244 of subunit II and V at the channel pore, whereas Rg(3) localizes at the interface of the two wild-type receptor subunits. These results indicate that mutation of Leu247 to Thr247 induces conformational changes in the wild-type receptor and provides a binding pocket for Rg(3) at the channel pore.</P>

Effects of ginsenosides and their metabolites on voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channel subtypes.

Lee, Jun-Ho,Jeong, Sang Min,Kim, Jong-Hoon,Lee, Byung-Hwan,Yoon, In-Soo,Lee, Joon-Hee,Choi, Sun-Hye,Lee, Sang-Mok,Park, Yong-Sun,Lee, Jung-Ha,Kim, Sung Soo,Kim, Hyoung-Chun,Lee, Boo-Yong,Nah, Seung-Ye Korean Society for Molecular Biology 2006 Molecules and cells Vol.21 No.1

<P>In previous reports we demonstrated that ginsenosides, active ingredients of Panax ginseng, affect some subsets of voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels in neuronal cells expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. However, the major component(s) of ginseng that affect cloned Ca(2+) channel subtypes such as alpha(1C) (L)-, alpha(1B) (N)-, alpha(1A) (P/Q)-, a1E (R)- and a1G (T) have not been identified. Here, we used the two-microelectrode volt-age clamp technique to characterize the effects of ginsenosides and ginsenoside metabolites on Ba(2+) currents (IBa) in Xenopus oocytes expressing five different Ca(2+) channel subtypes. Exposure to ginseng total saponins (GTS) induced voltage-dependent, dose-dependent and reversible inhibition of the five channel subtypes, with particularly strong inhibition of the a1G-type. Of the various ginsenosides, Rb(1), Rc, Re, Rf, Rg(1), Rg(3), and Rh(2), ginsenoside Rg(3) also inhibited all five channel subtypes and ginsenoside Rh(2) had most effect on the a1C- and a1E-type Ca(2+) channels. Compound K (CK), a protopanaxadiol ginsenoside metabolite, strongly inhibited only the a(1G)-type of Ca(2+) channel, whereas M4, a protopanaxatriol ginsenoside metabolite, had almost no effect on any of the channels. Rg(3), Rh(2), and CK shifted the steady-state activation curves but not the inactivation curves in the depolarizing direction in the alpha(1B)- and alpha(1A)-types. These results reveal that Rg(3), Rh(2) and CK are the major inhibitors of Ca(2+) channels in Panax ginseng, and that they show some Ca(2+) channel selectivity.</P>

알레르기 질환 환자에서 점박이응애에 대한 감작률 , 특히 IgE 항체 양성률 및 알레르겐 성분 규명

이영목(Young Mok Lee),박해심(Hae Sim Park),이명현(Myung Hyun Lee),김윤근(Yoon Keun Kim),최정희(Jeong Hee Choi),조현경(Hyeon Kyeong Cho),김현아(Hyun A Kim),이재천(Jae Chun Lee),문희범(Hee Bom Moon),이수걸(Soo Keol Lee) 대한천식알레르기학회 2002 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.22 No.1

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A Role for Leu247 Residue within Transmembrane Domain 2 in Ginsenoside-Mediated α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Regulation

Byung-Hwan Lee,Sun-Hye Choi,Mi Kyung Pyo,Tae-Joon Shin,Sung-Hee Hwang,Bo-Ra Kim,Sang-MoK Lee,Jun-Ho Lee,Joon-Hee Lee,Hui Sun Lee,한규훈,임혜원,Joon-Hwan Yong,나승열 한국분자세포생물학회 2009 Molecules and cells Vol.27 No.5

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) play important roles in nervous system functions and are involved in a variety of diseases. We previously demonstrated that ginsenosides, the active ingredients of m~å~ñ ginseng, inhibit subsets of nAChR channel currents, but not α7, expressed in uÉåçéìë= ä~Éîáë oocytes. Mutation of the highly conserved Leu247 to Thr247 in the transmembrane domain 2 (TM2) channel pore region of α7 nAChR induces alterations in channel gating properties and converts α7 nAChR antagonists into agonists. In the present study, we assessed how point mutations in the Leu247 residue leading to various amino acids affect 20(p)-ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3) activity against the α7 nAChR. Mutation of L247 to L247A, L247D, L247E, L247I, L247S, and L247T, but not L247K, rendered mutant receptors sensitive to Rg3. We further characterized Rg3 regulation of L247T receptors. We found that Rg3 inhibition of mutant α7 nAChR channel currents was reversible and concentration-dependent. Rg3 inhibition was strongly voltage-dependent and noncompetitive mannerK These results indicate that the interaction between Rg3 and mutant receptors might differ from its interaction with the wild-type receptor. To identify differences in Rg3 interactions between wild-type and L247T receptors, we utilized docked modeling. This modeling revealed that Rg3 forms hydrogen bonds with amino acids, such as Ser240 of subunit I and Thr244 of subunit II and V at the channel pore, whereas Rg3 localizes at the interface of the two wild-type receptor subunits. These results indicate that mutation of Leu247 to Thr247 induces conformational changes in the wild-type receptor and provides a binding pocket for Rg3 at the channel pore.

Biotechnology Research Activity at the National Horticultural Research Institute

Mok, Il-Gin,Hahn, Jeung-Sul,Kim, Do-Sun,Kim, Ki-Taek,Lee, Su-Young,Song, Kwan-Jeong,Yu, Hee-Ju,Kim, Jeong-Hee,Han, Bong-Hee,Cho, Kang-Hee 영남대학교 마늘연구소 2001 의성군 ·영남대학교 관 ·학협동, 협약 조인식 및 심포지움 Vol.2001 No.-