Arc-Magnetron 복합 코팅 공정에 의한 (TiAl)N 박막 합성에 관한 연구

한전건,윤주선,한준희 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 2000 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.38 No.3

(TiAl)N films deposited by cathodic arc process employing two separate targets of Al and Ti have lots of macro-particles on the surface. The macro-particles were found out to be generated mainly from Al cathode of low melting temperature. In the previous study, TiN films deposited with external magnetic field showed remarkable reduction of surface droplet. For the (TiAl)N coatings, however, the efficiency of Al droplet removal was not so much as TiN films. A new coating concept combining magnetron sputtering and arc evaporation for improved coating properties was made in this study. (TiAl)N and Al-gradient (TiAl)N coatings were deposited by arc-magnetron hybrid process and content of Al in the films was changed by power density of Al magnetron sputtering source. This hybrid process allowed compositionally gradient (TiAl)N coatings to be deposited with low macro-particles and excellent adhesion. It is noted that Al-gradient (TiAl)N coating showed micro hardness of 3,000 ㎏/㎟ and good adhesion of HF2 grade. The present study introduces the hybrid process parameters involved. The formation behavior of (TiAl)N and Al-gradient (TiAl)N coatings were investigated by SEM, EDX AES and XRD.

한국농업에서 농민층의 계층분화 : 제주농촌마을의 사례연구

고승한,레리버마이스터 부산대학교 사회조사연구소 1999 사회 조사 연구 Vol.14 No.-

Tropane Spirohydantoin들의 합성 및 구조분석

정대일,이도훈,송주현,이용균,최순규,박유미,한정태 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 2006 硏究報告 Vol.28 No.1

The tropane ring system is an important substructure in a number of natural products and synthetic compounds of biological and medicinal importance. As a result of the significance of the tropane ring system, the purpose of this study is the synthesis of anticonvulsant compounds of new s tructure anticipated anticonvulsant activity. After we first synthesized the various N-substituted nortropinone derivatives, we prepared new nortropane alkaloids and nortropinone derivatives. Substantially, we tried several experiments to optimize reaction condition. The tropane spirohydantoins 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 were respectively synthesized by the treatment of corresponding N-substituted nortropinone with potassium cyanide and ammonium carbonate.

Amazon’s Distribution Strategy: Doing the Right Things

Hahn,Yoonah,Youn,Myoung-Kil,Kim,Dongho 한국유통과학회 2019 KODISA ICBE (International Conference on Business Vol.2019 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to analyze and illustrate Amazon’s distribution strategy and its success. This paper examines Amazon’s distribution strategy to demonstrate the importance of distribution strategy to the success and sustainability of its organization. The analysis indicates that the distribution strategy, including technology, shipping, and distribution infrastructure, is the most vital factor for the success of Amazon. Recognizing the importance of distribution systems, constantly innovating convenient and on-time delivery methods, and taking control of inventory and shipping activities have separated Amazon from its competitors and led Amazon to establish many different types of fulfillment facilities all over the world. Given Amazon’s continued growth that came with its constant strive for delivery and cost efficiency and customer satisfaction, it was inevitable that Amazon would eventually venture into the actual shipping business and emerge as the competitor of the traditionally well-known shipping companies such as DHL, FedEx, and UPS. The previous and current Amazon’s distribution strategies demonstrate that Amazon will continue to focus on developing and implementing new and creative distribution strategies to separate itself from the rest of the retail and e-businesses.

Hydrophobic Properties of Phytochrome : Interactions of 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonate to the 59 kD and 124 kD Oat Phytochromes 59kD 및 124kD 귀리 phytochrome과 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonate의 상호작용

Hahn, Tae-Ryong 경희대학교 유전공학연구소 1989 遺傳工學論文集 Vol.1 No.-

귀리 59kD 및 124kD phytochrome의 소수성질을 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonate(ANS)를 써서 구명하였다. 59kD 및 124kD phytochrome의 흡광도와 광변환속도를 측정 분석한 결과 ANS는 Pr형보다 Pfr형에 대해 조금더 친화성이 있었다. 124kD phytochrome의 광변환에 따른 ANS의 형광을 측정한 결과 거의 변화가 없었다. 이러한 결과는 118kD phytochrome의 Pfr형에 노출된 소수 domain(Hahn and Song, 1981)이 59kD 및 124kD phytochrome에서는 숨겨져 있음을 의미한다. 이 소수 donain은 chromophore와 매우 근접하여 있을 것으로 생각되므로(Hershey et al., 1985; Hahn and Chae, 1986), 6kD 및 55kD proteolttic domain은 각각 Pfr형 phytochrome의 소수표면 노출에 부정적 및 긍정적으로 각각 작용할 것으로 믿어진다. 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonate (ANS) has been employed to probe the hydrophobic properties of 59 kD and 124 kD oat phytochromes. ANS interacts slightly more with the Pfr than the Pr for both of the 59 kD and 124 kD phytochromes in terms of spectral perturbation and phototransformation kinetics. Almost no changes in the ANS fluorescence emission upon phototransformation of 124 kD phytochrome have been observed. These results suggest that the hydrophobic domain which is exposed in the Pfr form of 118 kD phytochrome (Hahn and Song, 1981) is shielded for the 59 kD and 124 kD phytochromes. Since the hydrophobic domain is assumed to locate at/near the chromophore (Hershey et al., 1985; Hahn and Chae, 1986), the 6 kD and 55 kD proteolytic domains seem to negative and positive roles for the exposure of the hydrophobic site in the Pfr of phytochrome, respectively.

Effect of Mitomycin C on Chinese Hamster Cells

Hahn, Sahsook The Korean Society for Integrative Biology 1973 동물학회지 Vol.16 No.4

Streptomyces caespitosus에서 分離된 抗生物質인 Mitomycin C를 Chinese hamster, Cricetulus griseus (2n=22) euploid 細胞朱인 22Emb. (♀, 20일된 embryo에서 培養한 것)과 5PSP (♂, polyoma transformed subclone)에 分量과 時間을 달리해서 處理했을 경우 일어나게 되는 特異한 染色體 異常을 觀察하였다. Mitomycin C의 分量과 處理時間 그리고 細胞朱에 따라서 染色體에 미치는 影響이 한결같지 않지만 第1, 第2 染色體의 region 5와 7, 그리고 X 染色體의 第2 收縮環(secondary constriction)에 보다 甚한 染色體 切斷을 보여 주었다. 이것은 Mitomycin C가 特히 染色體의 人形成體(nucleolar-organizar)에 關聯되어 일어나는 現象이 아닌가 생각된다. Mitomycin C, chemically reactive antibiotics derived from Streptomyces caespitosus, was introduced to Chinese hamster, Cricetulus griseus, (2n=22) cells (22Emb. ♀5PSP ♂, to carry out an analysis of the chromosome aberration. It was found that regions 5 and 7 of chromosomes 1 and 2, and secondary constriction of chromosome X showed the most striking effect of Mitomycin C. The relationship between Mitomycin C and secondary contriction was discussed.

The Korean Minority in Japan

HAHN BAE-HO,HONG SUNG-CHICK The Academy of Korean Studies 1975 Korea Journal Vol.15 No.6

Efficacy of Salvage Interferential Electrical Stimulation Therapy in Patients With Medication-Refractory Enuresis: A Pilot Study

Hahn-Ey Lee,박관진 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2013 International Neurourology Journal Vol.17 No.3

Purpose: In pediatric patients with enuresis, the protocol for salvage therapy in patients in whom first-line therapy was not successful has not yet been established. Interferential electrical stimulation (IF-ES) therapy is advantageous because it is noninvasive and shows high compliance. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of IF-ES therapy on pediatric enuresis in a pilot study. Methods: We investigated 10 patients who underwent IF-ES therapy between August 2012 and March 2013 at our clinic. Patients with a history of previous treatment with desmopressin and anticholinergic agents for at least 3 months and those in whom alarm treatment previously failed or was refused by parents were eligible. Electrical current was given starting at approximately 20 mA and was increased until the patient complained of discomfort. Treatment was performed once a week, 20 minutes per treatment, 6 times per cycle. After each cycle, an interview was performed and voiding diaries were filled. The physician in charge evaluated improvement according to the International Children’s Continence Society criteria. Results: A final analysis was performed in 10 patients (5 male and 5 female patients) in whom therapy for nocturnal enuresis had failed. Eight patients had nonmonosymptomatic enuresis and 2 had monosymptomatic enuresis. The mean age of the patients was 8.5±2.4 years, and the mean number of treatments was 10.6±3.6 times. A full response was observed in 1 patient (10%); a good response, in 1 patient (10%); a partial response, in 7 patients (70%); and no response, in 1 patient (10%). Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that IF-ES therapy can be a promising treatment for the future, is safe, and can benefit from appropriate clinical trials in carefully selected groups. IF-ES therapy is expected to be a safe and effective treatment modality for children with enuresis.

Religious Origins of Korean Music

HAHN MAN-YOUNG The Academy of Korean Studies 1975 Korea Journal Vol.15 No.7

Lithium Carbonate distribution and its effects on the other ions in the brain and the other tissue of rats

Hahn, Dong Soo,Lee, Chung Kyoon 大韓神經精神醫學會 1975 신경정신의학 Vol.14 No.4

Lithium이 臨床的으로 情緖障碍治療에 利用되기 始作한 것은 最近에 와서 活發해 졌다. 그러나 其效果의 作用機轉은 아직 明確치 않음으로 Lithium carbonate를 動物에 投與하여 腦 및 其他 組織에 어떻게 分布되며 다른 電解質과의 關係가 어떤지를 究明하고 其作用機轉을 理解하고져 本實驗을 施行하여 다음과 같은 結果를 얻었다. 1. Lithium分布는 腦뿐아니라 大部分의 器官組織에서 大量短期投與群에서 小量長期投與群보다 濃度가 높았다. 그러나 腦下垂體와 副腎에서는 그렇지 않다. 2. 腦의 Na. K. ion濃度는 正常群보다 大量短期投與群에서 減少되었고 Ca. ion濃度는 血漿濃度가 가장낮은 大量短期投與群과 正常群의 差異가 거의 없고 Mg.의 血漿濃度는 大量短期投與群에서 가장 높았으나 腦組織의 濃度는 正常群과 別差없다. 3. 正常群에서는 筋과 腦에 비슷한 Lithium이 存在하나 大量短期投與群에서는 筋組織으로의 浸透速度가 빠르고 많다. 4. Lithium Carbonate 投與後 各組織에서의 電解質變化를 보면 다음과 같다. 血漿에서는 Ca. ion이 大量短期投與群에서 正常群보다 減少하나 小量長期投與群에서는 多少 增加하였다. 血漿, 赤血球 및 腎에서 Mg値가 Lithium carbonate 投與群에서 上昇하였고 筋에서는 正常群과 比較해서 K. Ca.이 增加, Ca.는 骨에서는 減少하고 심장, 肝, 腎에서는 增加했다. 5. RBC/plasma Ratio는 正常群보다 大量短期投與群에서 上昇하였고 小量長期投與群에서는 더욱 上昇하였다. 이것은 赤血球의 Lithium-up-take가 느리다는 것을 意味한다. 1. Infiltration and distribution rates of lithium into the brain as well as most organs except hypophysis and adrenal glands were higher in the group received large quantity for short period than in the group received small dose for longer period. 2. Concentration of Na and K ions in the brain were lower in the group received large doses for shorter period than in the controls. There was no significant difference in the level of Ca ion concentration between the controls and the group which received large doses for short period and which also showed the lowest plasma level. Plasma level of Mg was highest in the group received large doses for short period but the concentration of Mg in the brain was almost same as in the controls. 3. In the control group the amount of lithium is almost same in the muscle and in the brain, but in the group received large doses for short period the infilteration rate of lithium was higher and the amount of the infiltrate was larger in the muscle. 4. The changes of electrolites in the various tissues after administration of lithium carbonate were as follows: In plasma Ca ion decreased more in the group received large doses for short period than in the controls but in the group received small amount for longer period it rather increased a little. In the groups that received lithium, level of Mg in plasma, RBC and the kidney increased, K and Ca increased in the muscles in comparison with the controls, and Ca decreased in the bones and increased in the heart, liver and kidney. 5. RBC/plasma ratio increased more in the group received large doses for short period than in the control group, and it increased much more in the group received small dose for longer period. This suggests lithium uptake of RBC is slow.