접착제 첨가량이 도공액과 도공지 물성에 미치는 영향

김경동,박종열,김철환 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2002 농업생명과학연구 Vol.36 No.1

본 연구는 도공액 설계에 있어서 접착제가 도공액 및 도공지 물성에 미치는 영향과 3종류의 안료를 사용한 도공액에서 클레이와 중질 탄산칼슘의 혼합비가 도공액 및 도공지 물성에 미치는 영향을 분석하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 안료입자의 비표면적이 클수록 동일한 도공층 강도를 유지하기 위해서는 접착제 소요량이 많았으며 중질 탄산칼슘보다는 클레이가 접착제를 더 많이 필요로 하였다.접착제의 혼합비율이 증가함에 따라 No.1 Clay의 고전단 점도는 증가한 반면 No.2 Clay는 감소하였고 GCC-95는 증가하는 경향이나 큰 변화를 보이지 않았다. 백지광택과 K&N ink 흡수성은 감소하는 경향이나 백색도의 변화는 보이지 않았다. Clay와 GCC-95가 혼합된 도공지의 물성은 중질 탄산칼슘 비율이 증가함에 따라 투기도, 백색도와 K&N ink 흡수성은 증가한 반면 백지광택과 인쇄광택은 감소하였다. In this study, the effect of latex on coating colors and coated paper properties was investigated. Also the optimum dosage of latex for commercial coated paper was carried out using three kinds of pigment. The effect of the ratio of clay and ground calcium carbonate on coating colors and coated paper properties was studied with triangular coordinates. From the result, it can be said ; More latex was needed to get the good coating strength in case of higher specific surface area. And the clay required more latex than the ground calcium carbonate. The high shear viscosity was increased for No.1 clay when the amount of latex was increased, but it was decreased for No.2 clay. However, it was almost the same as ground calcium cafbonate. Paper gloss and K&N ink receptivity were decreased with the increase of latex content, but brightness showed no difference. Compared to control coating color(No.1 clay : No.2 clay : GCC-95 = 15 : 25 : 60), latex was needed 14.0, 13.0, and 10.5 pph for No.1 clay, No.2 clay and GCC-95, respectively, to keep the same pick strength with control. In the case of using clay and ground calcium carbonate, the porosity, brightness and K&L ink receptivity were increased, but paper gloss and print gloss were decreased with the increase of ground calcium carbonate. It can be said that the pigment ratios of 0-40% for No.1 clay, 10-50% for No2 clay and 50-60% for GCC-95 are needed to get properties of 85-86% for brightness, 73-76% for paper gloss and 90-91% print gloss. Estimated brightness, paper gloss and print gloss were similar to predicted values with triangular coordinates for control coating color(No.1 clay : No.2 clay : GCC-95 = 15 : 25 : 60).

안료 혼합비가 도고액과 도공지 물성에 미치는 영향

김경동,박종열,김철환 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2002 농업생명과학연구 Vol.36 No.2

본 연구는 도공액 설계에 있어서 안료의 종류를 달리한 도공액에서 클레이와 중질탄산칼슘의 혼합비가 도공액 및 도공지 물성에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 안료입자의 비표면적이 클수록 동일한 도공층 강도를 유지하기 위해서는 접착제 소요량이 많았으며 중질 탄산칼슘보다는 클레이가 접착제를 더 많이 요구되었다. 접착제의 혼합비율이 증가함에 따라 No.1 Clay의 고전단 점도는 증가한 반면 No.2 Clay는 감소하였고 GCC-95는 증가하는 경향이 있었지만 큰 변화를 보이지 않았다. 백지광택과 K&N 잉크 흡수성은 감소하는 경향을 나타내었으나 백색도는 아무런 변화를 보이지 않았다. Clay와 GCC-95가 혼합된 도공지의 물성은 중질 탄산칼슘 비율이 증가함에 따라 투기도, 백색도 와 K&N ink 흡수성은 증가한 반면 백지광택과 인쇄광택은 감소하였다. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of different kinds of coating pigments on the properties of coating colors and coated paper. The pigment with greater specific area consumed more binders in order to maintain the stable structure of a coated layer, and GCC required more binders than clay. While increased addition of coating binder with No.1 clay made a high shear viscosity raised, a high shear viscosity of No.2 clay was decreased and that of GCC-95 was rarely changed. Paper gloss and K&N ink receptivity were decreased and brightness was little changed. Brightness and K&N ink receptivity of paper coated with mixed coating color of clay and GCC-95 were improved but paper gloss and print gloss were decreased.

65세 이상 외래 방문환자를 대상으로 한 심전도 소견

하원철,성낙일,김강,이경미,박준형,배준호,나득영 동국대학교 의학연구소 2008 東國醫學 Vol.15 No.1

The electrocardiogram is one of the most widely used diagnostic tools. Especially it is useful to the patients who have cardiovascular disease. Because elderly population are the fastest growing component of national population, I analyzed the frequencies of specific electrocardiogram findings in patients aged 65 years and older living in Gyeong-ju to collecting ECG data. Sinus bradycardia (17.0%) and Left ventricular hypertrophy (25.2%), QT prolongation (30.9%) were the most common abnormalities found in the population as a whole. Left-axis deviation (11.6% vs. 3.1%, p = 0.001) and right bundle branch block (11.9% vs. 4.1%, p= 0.001) were more common in men than women. First-atrioventricular block (2.2% vs. 5.5%, p = 0.025) and T wave abnormalities (4.1% vs. 13.2%, p = 0.001), left ventricular hypertrophy (21.6% vs. 28.0%, p = 0.049) were more common in women. QT prolongation were more common in 75 years and older (26.7% vs. 38.1%, p = 0.001). Left-axis deviation (9.4% vs. 3.9%, p = 0.024) and Right bundle branch blocks (9.8% vs. 3.0%, p = 0.003) were more common in men aged 65~74 years. Left ventricular hypertrophy (20.9% vs. 30.0%, p = 0.025) and T wave abnormalities (4.3% vs. 12.2%, p = 0.002) were more common in women aged 65~74 years. Atrial fibrillation (7.1% vs. 1.1%, p = 0.013) and left-axis deviation 17.6% vs. 2.1%, p = 0.001), Right bundle branch block (17.6% vs. 5.3%, p = 0.001) were more common in men aged 75 years and older. First-atrioventricular block (0% vs. 5.9%, p = 0.020) and T wave abnormalities (3.5% vs. 14.4%, p = 0.008) were more common in women aged 75 years and older. In conclusion, Left ventricular hypertrophy and sinus bradycardia, QT prolongation were most common electrocardiographic findings in as a whole. Left-axis deviation and right bundle branch block, fist-atrioventricular block, T wave abnormalities, QT prolongation were significantly different in age and gender. 심전도는 전 세계적으로 가장 널리 사용되는 진단적 도구로서, 특히 심혈관계 질환이 있는 환자에게 그 유용성이 크다. 현대 사회는 고령화 사회로 노인 인구에 대한 사회적, 의학적 관심이 높다. 이에 본 연구자는 노인 인구에 대한 심전도 자료를 수집하기 위해 동국대 경주 병원 외래 진료실을 방문한 65세 이상 노인 환자 737명을 대상으로 심전도 검사를 시행하였다. 좌심실 비대(25.2%), QT 간격 연장(30.9%)과 동성 서맥(17.0%)을 보인 경우가 가장 많았고, 좌축 편위 (11.6% vs. 3.1%, p = 0.001), 우각 차단(11.9% vs. 4.1%, p = 0.001)의 경우 여자 환자보다 남자 환자에서 빈도가 높았고, 1도 방실 차단(2.2% vs. 5.5%, p = 0.025)과 비정상적인 T파 양상(4.1% vs. 13.2%, p = 0.001), 좌심실 비대(21.6% vs. 28.0%, p = 0.049)의 경우 남자 환자보다 여자 환자에서 빈도가 높았다. 75세 이상 환자 군에서 QT 간격 연장(26.7% vs. 38.1%, p = 0.001)이 65세에서 74세 사이 환자 군에 비해 빈도가 높은 것 외에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 결론적으로 고령 환자에서 비정상적인 심전도 소견으로 좌심실 비대와 QT 간격 연장, 동성 서맥의 빈도가 높았으며 좌축 편위, 우각 차단, 1도 방실 차단 등은 성별, 연령대별로 유의한 차이가 있었다.

Expression Analysis of Interferon-Stimulated Gene 15 in the Rock Bream Oplegnathus fasciatus against Rock Bream Iridovirus (RSIV) Challenge

Kim, Kyung-Hee,Yang, In Jung,Kim, Woo-Jin,Park, Choul-Ji,Park, Jong-Won,Noh, Gyeong Eon,Lee, Seunghyung,Lee, Young Mee,Hwang, Hyung Kyu,Kim, Hyun Chul The Korean Society of Developmental Biology 2017 발생과 생식 Vol.21 No.4

Interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) is known to interfere with viral replication and infection by limiting the viral infection of cells. Interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) interferes with viral replication and infectivity by limiting viral infection in cells. It also plays an important role in the immune response. In this study, tissue-specific expression of ISG15 in healthy rock bream samples and spatial and temporal expression analysis of rock bream ISG15 (RbISG15) were performed following rock bream iridovirus (RSIV) infection. RbISG15 expression was significantly higher in the eye, gill, intestine, kidney, liver, muscle, spleen, and stomach, but low in the brain. There were particularly high levels of expression in the liver and muscle. RbISG15 expression was also examined in several tissues and at various times following RSIV infection. ISG15 expression increased within 3 h in the whole body and decreased at 24 h after infection. In addition, temporal expression of several tissues following RSIV infection showed a similar pattern in the muscle, kidney, and spleen, increasing at 3 h and decreasing at 72 h. These results suggest that ISG15 plays an important role in the immune response of rock bream. Overall, this study characterizes the response of RbISG15 following RSIV infection.

Effects of shift work on abdominal obesity among 20–39-year-old female nurses

Gyeong-Jin Lee,Kunhyung Kim,Se-yeong Kim,Jeong-Ho Kim,Chunhui Suh,Byung-Chul Son,Chae-Kwan Lee,Junghye Choi 대한직업환경의학회 2016 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.28 No.-

Background: This study aimed to investigate the effects of shift work on abdominal obesity among young and middle-aged female nurses during a 5-year retrospective study. Methods: This retrospective study included female nurses (20–39 years old) who worked at a university hospital in Korea and had available health screening results from 2010–2015. Among 2,611 employees, 934 healthy 20–39-year-old female nurses were identified, and data regarding their demographic information (age and date of employment), waist circumferences (WC), and lifestyle factors (alcohol and exercise) were obtained. Abdominal obesity was defined as a WC of ≥80 cm, based on the World Health Organization’s Asia-West Pacific standard in 2000. The mean WC change from baseline was analyzed using the paired t test, and the association between shift work and abdominal obesity was analyzed using the generalized estimating equation. Results: Compared to all day workers (both age groups), the 20–29-year-old nurses did not exhibit significant changes in WC at each follow-up. However, among the 30–39-year-old nurses, shift workers exhibited a significant change in WC (vs. baseline) during years 4 and 5, compared to day workers. After adjusting for effective confounders and stratifying the participants according to age, the 20–29-year-old nurses exhibited an odds ratio of 3.21 (95 % confidence interval: 1.29–7.98) for shift work-associated obesity, although the odds ratio for the 30–39-year-old nurses was not statistically significant. Conclusion: In the study population, shift work was associated with a significant change in mean WC among 30–39-yearold nurses, and the shift work-associated risk of abdominal obesity was significant among 20–29-year-old nurses. These results indicate that shift work may influence abdominal obesity differently in 20–29-year-old and 30–39-year-old female nurses.

Potential induction of rat muscle-derived stem cells to neural-like cells by retinoic acid

Kim, E Sle,Kim, Gyeong Hae,Kang, Mi Lan,Kang, Yun Mi,Kang, Kkot Nim,Hwang, Ki Chul,Min, Byoung Hyun,Kim, Jae Ho,Kim, Moon Suk Wiley (John WileySons) 2011 JOURNAL OF TISSUE ENGINEERING AND REGENERATIVE MED Vol.5 No.5

DC BUS-based integrated control scheme of distributed energy resources for improving power quality

Chul-Sang Hwang(황철상),Namwon Kim(김남원),Minwon Park(박민원),In-Keun Yu(유인근),Gyeong-Hun Kim(김경훈),Gilsung Byeon(변길성),Jin-Hong Jeon(전진홍),Eung-Sang Kim(김응상),Changhee Cho(조창희) 한국조명·전기설비학회 2016 한국조명·전기설비학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.5

DC-BUS voltage control based power control scheme for DC microgird application

Chul-Sang Hwang(황철상),Namwon Kim(김남원),Minwon Park(박민원),In-Keun Yu(유인근),Gyeong-Hun Kim(김경훈),Gilsung Byeon(변길성),Jin-Hong Jeon(전진홍),Eung-Sang Kim(김응상),Changhee Cho(조창희) 대한전기학회 2016 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2016 No.7

Identification of relationship between pork colour and physicochemical traits in American Berkshire by canonical correlation analyses

Kim, Tae Wan,Kim, Il-Suk,Kwon, Seul Gi,Hwang, Jung Hye,Park, Da Hye,Kang, Deok Gyeong,Ha, Jeongim,Kim, Sam Woong,Kim, Chul Wook CSIRO PUBLISHING 2017 Animal Production Science Vol.57 No.6

The Prevalence Rate of Tuberculin Skin Test Positive by Contacts Group to Predict the Development of Active Tuberculosis After School Outbreaks

Kim, Hee Jin,Chun, Byung Chul,Kwon, AmyM,Lee, Gyeong-Ho,Ryu, Sungweon,Oh, Soo Yeon,Lee, Jin Beom,Yoo, Se Hwa,Kim, Eui Sook,Kim, Je Hyeong,Shin, Chol,Lee, Seung Heon The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2015 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.78 No.4

Background: The tuberculin skin test (TST) is the standard tool to diagnose latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in mass screening. The aim of this study is to find an optimal cut-off point of the TST+ rate within tuberculosis (TB) contacts to predict the active TB development among adolescents in school TB outbreaks. Methods: The Korean National Health Insurance Review and Assessment database was used to identify active TB development in relation to the initial TST (cut-off, 10 mm). The 7,475 contacts in 89 schools were divided into two groups: Incident TB group (43 schools) and no incident TB group (46 schools). LTBI treatment was initiated in 607 of the 1,761 TST+ contacts. The association with active TB progression was examined at different cut-off points of the TST+ rate. Results: The mean duration of follow-up was $3.9{\pm}0.9years$. Thirty-three contacts developed active TB during the 4,504 person-years among the TST+ contacts without LTBI treatment (n=1,154). The average TST+ rate for the incident TB group (n=43) and no incident TB group (n=46) were 31.0% and 15.5%, respectively. The TST+ rate per group was related with TB progression (odds ratio [OR], 1.025; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.001-1.050; p=0.037). Based on the TST+ rate per group, active TB was best predicted at TST+ ${\geq}$ 16% (OR, 3.11; 95% CI, 1.29-7.51; area under curve, 0.64). Conclusion: Sixteen percent of the TST+ rate per group within the same grade students can be suggested as an optimal cut-off to predict active TB development in middle and high schools TB outbreaks.