Preemptive Creation of Non-Cathetered Vascular Access is a Surrogate of Good Prognosis at the Beginning of Hemodialysis

Chia-Ching Chuang,I-Wen Hung,Mao-Ting Yang,Chyi-Sen Chang,Ching-Heng Wu,Cheng-Kai Tsai,Da-Wei Lin 한국간호과학회 2009 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2009 No.10

Unawareness of CKD and Delayed Referral are the Two Main Obstacles of CKD Care Program

Chia-Ching Chuang,I-Wen Hung,Mao-Ting Yang,Chyi-Sen Chang,Ching-Heng Wu,Cheng-Kai Tsai,Da-Wei Lin 한국간호과학회 2009 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2009 No.10

다수제적 혼합선거제도 하에서의 투표행태에 대한 다차원 분석

( Chia Hung Tsai ),( Lu Huei Chen ),( Chao Chi Lin ),( Su Feng Cheng ) 한국선거학회 2011 선거연구 Vol.1 No.2

혼합선거제도는 영국의 전통적 소선거구제와 비례제 양자 모두의 좋은 점을 제공한다고 언급된다. 학자들은 후보자와 정당들이 이러한 선거 규칙에 어떻게 반응하는지 고찰해 왔으며, 이 제도 하에서는 상이한 유인 요인이 존재한다고 주장해 왔다. 두 개의 서로 다른 층 간의 상호작용 또한 연구의 대상이 되어 왔다. 본 논문은 소선거구제에서의 투표 행태가 정당의 명성에 의해 영향 받는 정도를 평가해 보고자 하는데, 이는 소선거구 선거 결과와 비례대표 선거 결과 간의 차이에 의해서 측정된다. 대부분의 유권자가 비례대표 표를 던질 때 자신들의 선호를 따르며, 소선거구 표를 던질 때는 현직자를 고려할 것이라고 우리는 가정한다. 한국, 대만, 그리고 일본에서의 투표 행태를 비교함으로써, 사회적 배경, 정치적 태도, 쟁점에 대한 의견 등이 투표 행태에 미치는 상대적 영향력을 이들 세 국가에 걸쳐서 평가할 수 있다. 분석에 사용되는 자료는 선거제도 비교연구(CSES) 2차조사 (2001-2006), 21세기 전국적 장기 설문조사 자료 (JES 3차), 대만의 선거 및 민주화 연구 자료 (TEDS 2008L)이며, 이를 통해 각기 한국의 2004년 총선, 대만의 2008년 의회선거, 그리고 일본의 총선을 고찰한다. It is said that mixed-member systems offer the best of both the traditional British single-member district system (SMD) and proportional representation systems (PR). Scholars have examined how candidates and parties respond to the electoral rule, arguing that there are different incentives for them. The interaction between the two tiers is also investigated. This paper attempts to assess the extent to which voting behavior in the SMD districts would be influenced by party reputation measured by the difference between the SMD and PR voting results. We assume that most voters follow their preferences when they cast their PR votes, but that they consider the incumbents when they cast their SMD ballots. Comparing voting behavior in Korea, Taiwan, and Japan, we are able to assess the relative effect of social backgrounds, political predispositions, and issue opinions on voting behavior across three countries. We use CSES Module 2 (2001-2006) data, the Nation-wide Longitudinal Survey Study on Voting Behavior in the 21st Century (JES III) data, and Taiwan`s Election and Democratization Study (TEDS 2008L) data to examine voting behavior in the 2004 National Assembly election of Korea, the 2008 legislative election of Taiwan, and the 2005 general election of Japan respectively.

Echocardiographic parameters and indices in 23 healthy Maltese dogs

Chih-Hung Tsai,Chao-Chun Huang,Chia Chi Ho,Marta Claretti 대한수의학회 2021 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.22 No.5

Background: Echocardiography is a primary tool used by veterinarians to evaluate heart diseases. In recent years, various studies have targeted standard echocardiographic values for different breeds. Reference data are currently lacking in Maltese dogs and it is important to fill this gap as this breed is predisposed to myxomatous mitral valve disease, which is a volume overload disease. Objectives: To establish the normal echocardiographic parameters for Maltese dogs. Methods: In total, 23 healthy Maltese dogs were involved in this study. Blood pressure measurements, thoracic radiography, and complete transthoracic echocardiography were performed. The effects of body weight, age and sex were evaluated, and the correlations between weight and linear and volumetric dimensions were calculated by regression analysis. Results: The mean vertebral heart size was 9.1 ± 0.4. Aside from the ejection fraction, fractional shortening, and the left atrial to aorta root ratio, all the other echocardiographic parameters were significantly correlated with weight. Conclusion: This study describes normal echocardiographic parameters that may be useful in the echocardiographic evaluation of Maltese dogs.

Remediation of Electroplating Contaminated Soil by a Field Scale Electrokinetic System with Stainless Steel Electrodes

Yuan, Ching,Tsai, Chia-Ren,Hung, Chung-Hsuang Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment 2014 지하수토양환경 Vol.19 No.5

A $1.5m(L){\times}1.0m(W){\times}1.1m(H)$ polypropylene (PP) field scale electroniketic system coupled with stainless steel electrodes was designed to examined metal removal performance applied 0.2-0.35 V/cm potential gradient and 0.05-0.5M lactic acid for 20 day. Electroosmosis permeabilities of $2.2{\times}10^{-5}cm^2/V-s$ to $4.8{\times}10^{-5}cm^2/V-s$ were observed and it increased with the potential gradient increased. The reservoir pH controlled at $7.0{\pm}1.0$ has been effectively diminished the clogging of most metal oxides. The best removal efficiency of Zn, Pb, and Ni was 78.4%, 84.3%, and 40.1%, respectively, in the field scale EK system applied 0.35 V/cm and 0.05M lactic acid for 20 days. Increasing potential gradient would more effectively enhance metal removal than increasing concentration of processing fluid. The reservoir and soil temperatures were majorly related to potential gradient and power consumptio. A $4-16^{\circ}C$ above room temperature was observed in the investigated system. It was found that the temperature increase in soil transported the pore water and metals from bottom to the topsoil. This vertical transport phenomenon is critical for the electrokinetic process to remediate in-situ deep pollution.

Remediation of Electroplating Contaminated Soil by a Field Scale Electrokinetic System with Stainless Steel Electrodes

Ching Yuan,Chia-Ren Tsai,Chung-Hsuang Hung 한국지하수토양환경학회 2014 지하수토양환경 Vol.19 No.5

A 1.5 m (L) × 1.0 m (W) × 1.1 m (H) polypropylene (PP) field scale electroniketic system coupled with stainless steel electrodes was designed to examined metal removal performance applied 0.2-0.35 V/cm potential gradient and 0.05-0.5M lactic acid for 20 day. Electroosmosis permeabilities of 2.2 × 10−5cm2/V-s to 4.8 × 10−5cm2/V-s were observed and it increased with the potential gradient increased. The reservoir pH controlled at 7.0 ± 1.0 has been effectively diminished the clogging of most metal oxides. The best removal efficiency of Zn, Pb, and Ni was 78.4%, 84.3%, and 40.1%, respectively, in the field scale EK system applied 0.35 V/cm and 0.05M lactic acid for 20 days. Increasing potential gradient would more effectively enhance metal removal than increasing concentration of processing fluid. The reservoir and soil temperatures were majorly related to potential gradient and power consumptio. A 4-16oC above room temperature was observed in the investigated system. It was found that the temperature increase in soil transported the pore water and metals from bottom to the topsoil. This vertical transport phenomenon is critical for the electrokinetic process to remediate in-situ deep pollution. A 1.5 m (L) × 1.0 m (W) × 1.1 m (H) polypropylene (PP) field scale electroniketic system coupled with stainless steelelectrodes was designed to examined metal removal performance applied 0.2-0.35 V/cm potential gradient and 0.05-0.5Mlactic acid for 20 day. Electroosmosis permeabilities of 2.2 × 10−5cm2/V-s to 4.8 × 10−5cm2/V-s were observed and itincreased with the potential gradient increased. The reservoir pH controlled at 7.0 ± 1.0 has been effectively diminishedthe clogging of most metal oxides. The best removal efficiency of Zn, Pb, and Ni was 78.4%, 84.3%, and 40.1%,respectively, in the field scale EK system applied 0.35 V/cm and 0.05M lactic acid for 20 days. Increasing potentialgradient would more effectively enhance metal removal than increasing concentration of processing fluid. The reservoirand soil temperatures were majorly related to potential gradient and power consumptio. A 4-16oC above room temperaturewas observed in the investigated system. It was found that the temperature increase in soil transported the pore water andmetals from bottom to the topsoil. This vertical transport phenomenon is critical for the electrokinetic process to remediatein-situ deep pollution.

Where Are Landscape Designers' Spatial Abilities in the Brain? An fMRI Study

Shih-Han Hung,Chia-Yi Huang,Tsung-Ren Huang,Shih-An Tang,Yu-Ping Tsai,Chun-YenChang 인간식물환경학회 2023 인간식물환경학회지 Vol.26 No.5

Background and objective: To effectively understand and communicate their work, landscape designers should possessexcellent spatial abilities. Neurological methods have confirmed that activation of the occipital lobe, parietal cortex, andprefrontal cortex affect the judgment of space; however, few studies have measured spatial abilities in landscape design. This study aimed to identify the potential role of various brain regions during spatial interpretation processes by landscapedesigners, particularly the effect of stimulating the frontal lobe on enhancing design capabilities. Methods: This study tested the spatial abilities of landscape designers when transforming a planar drawing into a sectionaldrawing and the brain regions activated in this process. The subjects were asked to identify the correct option whenmatching given section lines in a planar drawing. The correct answer rate and response time were used to score brainactivation during spatial task processes. A total of 16 valid subjects were divided into high- and low-accuracy groupsaccording to the correct answer rate. Results: The results for the high-accuracy group showed that the left inferior frontal gyrus was activated during spatialdesign tasks. In contrast, the findings for the low-accuracy group revealed that the left middle occipital gyrus was activatedfor processing visual information. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the frontal lobe plays a role in allowing landscape designers to make planar tocross-sectional inferences via mental rotations and categorical spatial relations. The findings offer implications forlandscape designers in stimulating the frontal lobe and enhancing their design capabilities.

Democratic Values, Collective Security, and Privacy: Taiwan People’s Response to COVID-19

Wan-Ying Yang,Chia-hung Tsai 충남대학교 아시아여론연구소 2020 Asian journal for public opinion research Vol.8 No.3

In the pandemic crisis, many governments implemented harsh interventions that might contradict democratic values and civil liberties. In Taiwan, the debate over whether or not to reveal personal information of infected persons to limit the coronavirus’s spread poses the democratic dilemma between public health and civil liberties. This study examines whether and explains how Taiwan’s people respond to the choice between individual privacy and collective security. We used survey data gathered in May 2020 to show that, first, the democratic values did not deter the pursuit of collective safety at the cost of civil liberty; rather, people with higher social trust were more likely to give up their civil liberties in exchange for public safety. Second, people who support democratic values and pursue collective security tend to avoid violating privacy by opposing the release of personal information. This study proves that democratic values do not necessarily threaten collective safety and that the pursuit of common good can co-exist with personal privacy.

Research on the Structure and Application of Fuzzy Environmental Impact Assessment Model

Tien, Shiaw-Wen,Hsneh, Chia-Hsiang,Chung, Yi-Chan,Tsai, Chih-Hung,Yu, Yih-Huei The Korean Society for Quality Management 2004 The Asian Journal on Quality Vol.5 No.2

Any business activities may have impact on environment to a certain extent. Enterprises must find appropriate approaches to measure the impact on these environmental aspects, which can be used as the basis to direct enterprises' efforts to improve the environmental impact. The method used to evaluate significant factors in life cycle assessment standards is the one most commonly used by enterprises in general to measure environmental impact. By this method, the decisive factors of each environmental aspect are given scores according to the preset scoring standard of the organization. The scores are added up for each aspect and ranked to assess major environmental aspects. The drawback of this assessment method, that is, it ignores the degree to which each of these factors affects the environment, results in poor credibility. Therefore, this study attempts to solve some qualitative problems by applying to fuzzy theory, in particular, by identifying appropriate fuzzy numbers through fuzzy sets and membership function. Moreover, the study seeks to obtain a crisp value in the process of defuzzifization in order to make up for the shortfall of the original method in dealing with relative weight of decisive factors and thus increase its applicability and credibility. The department of light production of an electronics company is used as an example in this study to measure environmental aspects by employing both the traditional significant factor method and the fuzzy environmental impact assessment model proposed in this study. Based on verification and comparison of results, the model proposed in this study is more feasible as it reduces partiality in decision-making by taking the relative weights of decisive factors into consideration.

Model-based and wavelet-based fault detection and diagnosis for biomedical and manufacturing applications: Leading Towards Better Quality of Life

Kao, Imin,Li, Xiaolin,Tsai, Chia-Hung Dylan Techno-Press 2009 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.5 No.2

In this paper, the analytical fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) is presented using model-based and signal-based methodology with wavelet analysis on signals obtained from sensors and sensor networks. In the model-based FDD, we present the modeling of contact interface found in soft materials, including the biomedical contacts. Fingerprint analysis and signal-based FDD are also presented with an experimental framework consisting of a mechanical pneumatic system typically found in manufacturing automation. This diagnosis system focuses on the signal-based approach which employs multi-resolution wavelet decomposition of various sensor signals such as pressure, flow rate, etc., to determine leak configuration. Pattern recognition technique and analytical vectorized maps are developed to diagnose an unknown leakage based on the established FDD information using the affine mapping. Experimental studies and analysis are presented to illustrate the FDD methodology. Both model-based and wavelet-based FDD applied in contact interface and manufacturing automation have implication towards better quality of life by applying theory and practice to understand how effective diagnosis can be made using intelligent FDD. As an illustration, a model-based contact surface technology an benefit the diabetes with the detection of abnormal contact patterns that may result in ulceration if not detected and treated in time, thus, improving the quality of life of the patients. Ultimately, effective diagnosis using FDD with wavelet analysis, whether it is employed in biomedical applications or manufacturing automation, can have impacts on improving our quality of life.