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      • KCI등재

        Understanding Taiwanese Adolescents’ English Learning Selves through Parental Expectations

        Hung–Tzu Huang 아시아영어교육학회 2017 The Journal of Asia TEFL Vol.14 No.2

        This paper explores the interplay of Taiwanese adolescent English learners’ motivational selves and their parents’ expectations, with a special focus the identified perceptions of both teenage leaners and their parents towards English learning as a duty and obligation. Using the L2 Motivational Self System (L2MSS, Dörnyei, 2009), the qualitative study foregrounds the cultural and relational aspects of the self system in understanding language learning motivation. Results from semi-structured interviews suggest that parental expectations of children’s English learning exhibit a duality characterized by the hope that their children will become successful members of the globalized world and a belief that English learning is a basic responsibility for their children. Adolescent language learners’ and their parents’ actual selves, including their identification with societal roles and social obligations, mediate between parents’ investments in their children’s English education and teenage learners’ perceived obligations to meet parental expectations. The paper concludes by suggesting further research on parental expectations and the development of global selves, and on the synergized effect of language learners’ actual selves and future self-guides in motivating language learning.

      • CHO, Hung-guk

        조흥국 漢陽大學校 民族學硏究所 1993 民族과文化 Vol.1 No.-

        이 논문은 17세기 후반 남중국해에서의 태국의 중국 및 일본과의 무역관계를 그 주제로 삼는다. 여기서 17세기 후반을 연구대상으로 둔 것은 이 시기의 3국 무역관계에 대해 여러 일차문헌들, 특히 유럽문헌들로부터의 정보가 있기 때문이다. 그러나 17세기 후반의 태국의 대 중국·일본 무역형태는 다른 시대들에도 적용될 수 있는 것으로서 위치 연구를 통해 3국간의 무역에 관한 일반적인 모습이 획득될 수 있다고 여겨진다. 17세기 태국·중국·일본간의 무역관계는 종종 3각무역(三角貿易)이란 개념으로 이해된다. 즉, 한 태국상선이 중국으로의 항해 중 일본을 방문하거나, 일본을 목적지로 삼은 배가 우선 한 중국의 항구에 들려 무역을 했다. 혹은 거꾸로, 한 중국 항구를 출발한 정크선이 나가사끼를 거쳐 당시 태국의 수도인 아유타야(Ayutthaya)로 갔거나, 혹은 아유타야를 경유하여 나가사끼로 항해하기도 했다. 위의 3국간의 무역관계는 본 논문에서 주로 태국의, 특히 태국정부의 입장에서 고찰된다. 그 이유는 중국측의 경우 그 정부차원의 대 태국 및 일본 무역에 대한 관심이 분명히 파악되지 않으며, 일본의 경우는 심지어 당시 대 중국 및 태국 무역을 자체적으로 행하지 않았고 태국의 대 일본무역을 오직 비공식적으로 허락하고 있었기 때문이다. 그 반면, 위의 3각무역에서 타이정부가 대 중국·일본 무역을 얼마나 중시하고 열성적으로 추진했던가가 뚜렷이 나타난다. 본 논문은 두 부분으로 나뉘어, 해국의 중국 및 일본과의 무역관계가 독립적으로 논의된다. 이러한 개별적인 연구를 통해 당시 타이정부가 이들 두 동아시아 국가들과의 무역에 대해 갖고 있던 자세를 더욱 분명하게 이해할 수 있다고 여겨진다.

      • KCI등재

        「벨트라피오의 저자」에 나타난 삶과 예술

        조흥근 ( Hung Kuhn Cho ) 21세기영어영문학회 2004 영어영문학21 Vol.17 No.2

        Life and Art in “The Author of Beltraffio” Cho, Hung-Kuhn(Sunchon National University) An attempt is made in this paper to analyse Henry James's critique of aestheticism in “The Author of Beltraffio”(1884) in relation to his “The Art of Fiction”(1884) published two months later in the same year. Both works have been misunderstood by some critics as the writings supporting the theory of aestheticism. But James had a determined attitude against aestheticism almost throughout his life. Although James was influenced in his search for form and style by his contemporary French realists as is shown in “The Art of Fiction” and “The Author of Beltraffio,” he criticised them for their lack of serious interest in life itself. Of course it cannot be denied that James shows in these writings a certain extent of sympathy with their arduous endeavours to achieve the art of novel, but his sympathy is at an end at this very point. Mark Ambient in “The Author of Beltraffio” has been misunderstood by many critics as an aesthete, but he is evidenced as a genuine Jamesian artist in this paper. An obsessive aestheticism can be found in the narrator of this work because art precedes life in his ‘art for art' point of view. He shows almost always a Wildean attitude to life and art that can be expressed as a sentence “Life imitates art.” His cold aesthetic stance unintentionally causes the horrible death of an innocent child Dolcino. His cold world of aestheticism lacks genuine feelings and sympathy for other people, and thus destroys life itself. This is the core of the Jamesian critique of aestheticism in his writings on French realists.

      • 宗敎的 眞理의 哲學的 批判

        소흥렬 이화여자대학교 한국문화연구원 1994 韓國文化硏究院 論叢 Vol.64 No.1

        Truth in religion is to be accepted by faith. Acceptance of truth by faith is almost a requirement. It is a forced option. But this kind of truth by faith raises some philosophical problems. Philosophy may ask about the nature of truth in religion. It may also ask about the epistemic nature of belief that is the foundation of religious commitment. Religion by itself does not raise epistemic questions regarding the faith. The question of belief in religion is not like the epistemic question raised in philosophy. Religious faith is required for the salvation of soul. Salvation is the objective. Faith is the initial condition. You believe in order to know the truth, the knowing the truth will lead you to salvation, that is the freedom of your soul. This is a kind of consequentialism, a sort of pragmatism. Philosophy, however, cannot settle with this kind of pragmatic truth. Whereas religion asks us to accept by faith its ontological presupposition, philosophy raises ontological issues regarding the very presuppositions. The ontological issue that seems important for us to raise with regard to the dominant religious of our society and history is the problem of historicism and naturalism, Buddhism and Taoism, as well as Confucianism, are naturalistic, while Christianity represents transcendentalism and historicism. Naturalism of course is a type of immanentism. And naturalism of Buddhism and Taoism is understood to be ahistorical, that is to say, without an idea of history. Philosophically speaking, that is a problem situation. It is a state of ontological conflict or contradiction which demands a philosophical endeavor for a synthesis of the contradictories or contraries. It is not an attempt to unify the religions, which is an impossible task because of the different cultural settings that those religions carry with them. But the ontological presuppositions of these religions could be reexamined and synthesized, if possible. And such an ontological synthesis is important for the cultural identity of our time and society, and for the role of religion to enhance this cultural objective.

      • KCI등재

        역이동 과거시제에 대한 분석

        조흥철 새한영어영문학회 2008 새한영어영문학 Vol.50 No.2

        Backshifting is treated as 'reported speech' or 'indirect speech' in traditional grammar. The phenomenon, however, has much wider applications than reported speech. That is, the reported speech is just one of the cases where backshifting is applied, which has been confirmed by many linguistic studies. In this study, firstly, the conditions of backshifting were examined, and then the meanings of backshifted preterite were examined. Secondly, it is discussed whether backshifting is optional or obligatory, and further under which conditions it happens if it is obligatory. The findings show that pragmatic conditions act to select backshifting. Finally, it is seen that backshifting can occur in complex structure as well as in simple structure. To conclude, the phenomenon of backshifting defies being simply as a syntactic operation.

      • KCI등재후보

        선교인을 위한 영성의 통합적 사고

        정흥호 연세대학교 신과대학 2009 신학논단 Vol.55 No.-

        We need to redefine what spirituality is in post-modernity. The reason is because spirituality for missionaries has become a significant issue among the cross-cultural ministers. Historically, scholars have had a lot of debates on defining spirituality. The author, however, approaches spirituality synthetically rather than analytically. First, the author introduces three kinds of spirituality in the views of Thomas a' Kempis, Lewis Chafer and Donald Dorr who greatly influenced the consideration of spiritual growth and life. Thomas insisted that Jesus Christ must be the MODEL in his or her own life. In other words, a spiritual person is a person who makes efforts to learn how to follow Jesus. In other words, a spiritual person is who casts away one's own will and humbly obeys God's will. Then he or she can enjoy the peace and the joy in the Holy Spirit from the Kingdom perspective. Second, Lewis suggested the "threefold classification" in order to describe three kinds of persons according to 1 Corinthians 2:9-3:4: the natural man who does not understand God's revelation, the carnal Christians who are acting according to the worldly things, and the spiritual persons who have faith in Jesus Christ while depending on the works of the Holy Spirit. Third, Donald has somewhat different perspective compared with other two scholars. He asserted that spirituality comes from the God's transcendent at the same time immanent work related with Micah 6:8. Spirituality is a true "religious conversion" that is balanced in justice, mercy and humbleness in terms of personal relationship with God. In conclusion, a spiritual person must distinguish what is a secular spirit from the divine Spirit in the Word of God. He or she who has God's Spirit must show a model to love neighbors and to serve others like Jesus. True spirituality is not based on a "doctrine", an "ism" or a "movement". The spirituality rather is a discipline that tries to resemble the personality of Jesus Christ in an individual's daily life.

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