Van der Woude 증후군 1예

최홍식,임재열,박준호,남지인 대한이비인후과학회 2001 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.44 No.11

위장간 수술환자에서 겐타마이신의 임상약물동태

최준식,문홍섭,최인,범진필 朝鮮大學校 1997 藥學硏究誌 Vol.18 No.2

The purpose of this investigation was to determine pharmacokinetic parameter of gentamicin using nonlinear least square regression(NLSR) and Bayesian analysis in Korea normal volunteers and gastrointestinal surgical patients. Nonparametric expected maximum(NPEM) method for population pharmacokinetic parameters was used. Gentamicin was administered every 8 hours for 3 days by infusion over 30 minutes. The volume of distribution(V) and elimination rate constant(K) of gentamicin were 0.226±0.032, 0.231±0.063 L/㎏ and 0.357± 0.024, 0.337±0.041 hr^-1 for normal volunteers and gastrointestinal surgical patients using NLSR analysis. Population pharmacokinetic parameters. KS and VS were 0.00344±0.00049(hr·mL/min/1.73㎡)^-1 and 0.214±0.0502 L/㎏ for gastronintestinal surgical patients using NPEM method. The V and K were 0.216±0.048 L/㎏ and 0.336±0.043 hr^-1 for gastrointestinal surgical patients using Bayesian analysis. There were no differences in gentamicin pharmacokinetic between NLSR and Bayesian analysis in gastrointestinal surgical patient.

신장장해 가토에서 Vancomycin의 약물동태

최준식,이돈일,이진환 朝鮮大學校 1996 藥學硏究誌 Vol.18 No.1

The Pharmacokinetics of vancomycin(10㎎/㎏ i.v) was investigated in rabbits with folate(75㎎/㎏, 150㎎/㎏, 300㎎/㎏ i.v)induced renal disorder. The plasma concentration of vancomycin was increased significantly compared with those of normal rabbits. βand k_21, k_10, V_d were decreased, t1/2 and AUC were increased significantly. Correlation of serum creatinine concentration and elimination rate constant, dosage regimen have linear relationship respectively. Dosage regimen of vancomycin is considered to be adjusted in the dose size and the dose interval by degree of serum creatinine concentration or elimination rate constant.

발프로산나트륨과 페니토인과의 약물상호작용

최준식,유재신,박용채,이진환 朝鮮大學校 1997 藥學硏究誌 Vol.18 No.2

This study was attempted to investigate the pharmacokinetic interaction between sodium valproate (4. 8. 16 ㎎/㎏. i.v.) and phenytoin (4 ㎎/㎏. i.v) in rabbits. The plasma concentration and area under the curve (AUC) of phenytoin were increased significantly (p<0.05. p<0.01) when coadministered with sodium valproate (4. 8. 16 ㎎/㎏) in rabbits. The volume of distribution and total body clearance of phenytoin were decreased significantly (p<0.05. p<0.01) when coadministered with sodium valproate (8. 16 ㎎/㎏) in rabbit. From the results of this experiment. it is desirable that dosage regimen of phenytoin should be adjusted and therapeutic drug monitoring should be performed for reduction of side or toxic effect when phenytoin will be coadministered with sodium valproate in clinical use.

성인원외폐렴의 원인미생물에대한 전향적 다기관 연구 : 성인원외폐렴의 원인으로 세균의 역할을 중심으로

우준희,강재명,김양수,신완식,류진홍,최정현,김양리,정희진,어수택,박춘식,정문현,정기석,이찬주,류지소 대한감염학회 2001 감염 Vol.33 No.1

Background : Communite-acquired peumonia (CAP) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. Despite progress in diagnostic techniques and treatments, management of pneumonia remains challenging, because the precise etiology remains uncertain in as many as 49% of cases. The limitaions of identifying etiologic agents make it necessary to use empiric antibiotics in almost all patients, and furthermore emergence of antibiotic-resistant organisms pose difficulties to the selection of an empiric antibiotic regimen. For the optimal choice of empirical antibiotics, we should know the frequency of etiologic agents and antimicrobial resistance rates in the community. Methods : A prospective multicenter study of community-acquired pneumonia in Korea was carried out between May 1997 and April 2000. The microbiologic diagnosis was based on the results of sputum culture, blood culture and pleural culture. Results : Five hundred eighty eight cases of community-acquired peumonia in 562 patients admitted to the hospitals. The mean age was 59.9 with male predominance (58.3%), and 370 (63%) had underlyin gillness. The etiologic agents were identified in 38.3%, and the list of individual agents, in decreasing order, was Streprococcus pneumoniae (21.7%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.8%) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9.8%), Staphylococcus aureus (9.5%), viridans group streptococci (5.7%), Enterobacter cloacae (4.2%), Hemophillus Influenza (3.8%), The rates of admission to the intensive care unit was 10.4%. The motality was 7.1%. Susceptible rates of S. pneumoniae to penicillin was 36.6% and showed multidrug resistant. Forty percents of S. aureus were methicillin-resistant S. aureus. K. penumoniae were susceptible to cephalosporin and quinolone. Conclusion : In Korea, S.pneumoniae is the most important agent causing community-acquired pneumonia. Susceptible rates of S. pneumoniae to penicillin was 36.6% and showed multidrug resistant. Gram negative bacteria such as K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa showed high incidence when compared with that of other countries. Most of them had underlying diseases including bronchiectasis and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. (Korean J Infect Dis 33:1∼7, 2001)

산소 소모법에 의한 액체 연료의 열발생율 평가

한용식,김명배,최준석 韓國火災ㆍ消防學會 1998 한국화재소방학회논문지 Vol.12 No.3

액체연료들의 열발생율이 산소 소모법에 의해 측정되었다. 산소 소모법은 화재 시에 경험되어지는 대부분의 연료에 대해서 소모된 산소단위 질량당 발생된 열량이 근사적으로 같다는 원리에 기초하고 있다. 산소농도의 측정에는 상자성 방식의 가스 분석기가 사용되었고, CO_2 및 CO가스 농도 측정은 적외선 방식의 분석기에 의해 이루어졌다. 가스 분석기들의 시간지연은 고려하지 않았다. 배기가스 측정방법에 따른 결과들을 비교 검토하였다. The heat release rate of liquid fuels is estimated by oxygen consumption technique. This method is based on the generalization that the heat release rate of combustion per unit of oxygen consumed are approximately the same for most fuels commonly encountered in fires. The oxygen concentration is measured by analyzer of paramagnetic type. The concentrations of CO_2 and CO gas are measured by analyzer of Infra-Red type. Time delays of analyzers are ignored. Results acqired from measuring techniques of exhaust gas concentrations are compared with each other.

가토에서 딜티아젬과 시메티딘과의 약물상호작용

이진환,최준식,문영민 한국약제학회 2002 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.32 No.3

Diltiazem inhibits calcium channels and leads to vascular smooth muscle relaxation and negative inotropic and chronotropic effects in the heart. Diltiazem is almost completely absorbed after oral administration, but its extent of absolute oral bioavailability is reduced because of considerable first-pass hepatic metabolism. Diltiazem is able toe dilaterenal vasculature and can increase the glomerular filtration rate and renal sodium excretion. The purpose of this study was to report the pharmacokinetic changes of diltiazem after oral administration of diltiazem, 20㎎/㎏, in rabbits co-administered with cimetidine, 20㎎/㎏ and pretreated twice per day for 3 days at cimetidine dose of 20㎎/㎏. The area under the plasma concentration-time curve)AUC) of diltiazem was significantly higher in rabbits pretreated with cimetidine than that in control rabbits (p<0.01), showing about 149% increased relative bioavailability. The peak plasma concentration (C_max) and elimination half-life of diltiazem were increased significantly (p<0.05) in rabbits pretreated with cimetidine compared with those in control rabbits. This findings could be due to significant reduction of elimination rate constant by pretreated with cimetidine. The effects of cimetidine on the pharmacokinetics of oral diltiazem were more considerable in rabbits pretreated with cimetidine compared with those in control rabbits. The results suggest that the dosage of diltiazem should be adjusted when the drug would be co-administered chronically with cimetidine in a clinical situation.

토끼에서 나린진이 니페디핀의 약물동태에 미치는 영향

나종학,최준식 한국약제학회 2005 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.35 No.2

The pharmacokinetics of oral nifedipine (5 mg/kg) was studied in rabbits given after or simultaneously with naringin (1.5, 7.5 and 15 mg/kg, respectively). The area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) and the peak concentration (C_(max)) of nifedipine coadrninistered or pretreated with naringin were significantly increased (p < 0.05, coad.; p < 0.01, pret.) compared with the control group. The absolute bioavailability (AB%) of nifedipine was significantly (p < 0.05, coad.; p < 0.01, pret.) higher by 22.3 - 28.1% compared to the control (17.9%). The relative bioavailability (RB%) of nifedipine was higher by 1.24 - 1.43 times (coad.) and 1.32 - 1.57 times (pret.) than those of the control, showing that preatreatment of naringin was more effective than that of the coadministration of naringin. Naringin did not show significant effect on the Tmax and t_(1/2) of nifedipine. It is suggested that naringin may alter pharmacokinetic paramiters of nifedipine by inhibition of P-glycoprotein efflux pump and its first-pass metabolism. The dosage of nifedipine should be adjusted when it is administered with naringin in a clinical situation.

인체혈장 중 에탐부톨의 HPLC 분석법의 검증 및 단일용량 투여에 의한 약물동태 연구

곽혜선,박경호,최준식,송진아,성민경,장정옥,이화정 한국약제학회 2005 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.35 No.2

An HPLC method was employed for the determination of ethambutol in human plasma. After addition of internal standard (IS, octylamine, 2 μg/mL) and alkalinization of the plasma with 5 M sodium hydroxide, the drug and IS were extracted into the mixture of chloroform and diethyl ether (40:60, v/v). Following a 15-min vortex-mixing and a 10-min centrifugation, the organic phase was spiked with 100 pL of phenylethylisocyanate (2000 μg/mL) for chemical derivatization, mixed for 5 min and evaporated to dryness under a stream of nitrogen. The residue was reconstituted with 100 μL of mobile phase and 20 pL was injected into Cl8 column with a mobile phase consisting of methanol:water (70:30, v/v). The samples were detected utilizing an ultraviolet detector at 200 nm. The method was specific and validated with a limit of 0.15 μg/mL. Infra- and inter-day precision and accuracy were acceptable for all quality control samples including the lower limit of quantification. The applicability of this method was demonstrated by analysis of human plasma after oral administration of a single 1200-mg dose to 20 healthy subjects. From the plasma ethambutol concentration vs. time curves, the mean AUC was 9.61 ± 1.64 μg hr/mL. and Cmax of 2.68 μg/mL reached 2.73 hr after administration. The mean biological half-life of ethambutol was 3.46 ± 1.21 hr. Based on the results, this simple and validated assay could readily be used in any pharmacokinetic studies using humans.

신장장해 가토에서 Theophylline의 약물동태

차중권,이진환,최준식,김가나,범진필 조선대학교 약학연구소 1992 藥學硏究誌 Vol.14 No.1

This study was attempted to investigate the pharmacokinetics of theophylline in rabbits with folate induced renal failure. Plasma concentration and AUC of theopylline were increased in rabbits with folate induced renal failure compared with those of normal rabbits. Renal clearance and total body clearance were decreased in rabbits with folate induced renal failure compared with those of normal rabbits. Correlation of serum creatinine concentration and AUC, and correlation of serum creatinine clearance and renal clearance have linear relationship respectively. From the results of this experiment, it is desirable that dosage regimen of theophylline should be adjusted for effective and safe therapy in patient with renal failure in clinical pharmacy practice.