[PF-0007] Morphological and glucosinolate characterization of leaves of landrace mustard (Brassica juncea) germplasm from Korea

Awraris Derbie Assefa(Awraris Derbie Assefa ),Bum-Soo Hahn(Bum-Soo Hahn),Ho Chul Ko(Ho Chul Ko),Onsook Hur(Onsook Hur),Aejin Hwang(Aejin Hwang),Bichsaem Kim(Bichsaem Kim),Yoon-Jung Lee(Yoon-Jung Lee) 한국육종학회 2022 한국육종학회 공동학술발표집 Vol.2022 No.-

Intraplant Variations of Sesquiterpene Lactone Content in Lettuce Genetic Resources Grown in Two Cultivation Seasons

Awraris Derbie Assefa,Susanna Choi,성정숙,허온숙,노나영,이석영,이호선,이재은,이주희 한국자원식물학회 2018 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.31 No.5

Inflorescence, stem, and leaf samples of lettuce grown in a greenhouse in spring and autumn seasons were assayed for sesquiterpene lactones (SLs) content by high performance liquid chromatography. The concentrations of SLs were significantly higher in the inflorescences followed by upper leaf and stem compared to the other plant parts in most of the samples. SLs content (sum of lactucin and lactucopicrin) in various tissues of lettuce cultivated in spring season varied from 5.7 to 22.5 fold ranging from 27.4 ㎍/g dry weight (DW) in the upper stem (cultivar “PI 176588”) as the lowest to as high as 2,292.0 ㎍/g DW in the inflorescence (cultivar “709849-1”). During autumn cultivation, the concentration of SLs varied from 2.0 to 14.4 fold ranging from as low of 32.4 ㎍/g DW in the lower stem (cultivar “PI176588”) to as high of 838.0 ㎍/g DW in the upper leaf (cultivar “Dambaesangchu”). Higher lactucin (1.2 to 5.6 fold) and lactucopicrin (1.1 to 3.9 fold) concentration was observed during spring compared to autumn cultivation in most of the samples. SLs content in various organs of lettuce increases from the basal plant part going upwards. As lactucin and lactucopicrin are the major SLs which affects the sensory property of lettuce, their quantitative variation in the lettuce cultivars is useful for breeding new varieties with better consumer acceptance.

Selected Metabolites and Antioxidant Potential Diversity in 22 Korean Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)Varieties at Vegetative and Reproductive Stages

Awraris Derbie Assefa,Susanna Choi,Jung-Sook Sung,On-Sook Hur,Na-Young Ro,Young-Ah Jeon,Ho-Cheol Ko,Jung Yoon Yi,Sok Young Lee,Jae Eun Lee,Juhee Rhee 한국원예학회 2018 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2018 No.5

Using Phenolic Compounds and Some Morphological Characters as Distinguishing Factors to Evaluate the Diversity of Perilla Genetic Resources

Awraris Derbie Assefa,전이진,이주희,이호선,허온숙,노재정,노나영,황애진,성정숙,이재은 한국자원식물학회 2020 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.33 No.1

The objectives of this study were to evaluate total phenolic content (TPC) and individual phenolic compounds in leaves of perilla genetic resources, assess whether they could be used as distinguishing factor among germplasms, and evaluate their relationship with some quantitative and qualitative morphological characters. TPC and individual phenolic compounds were determined using Folin-Ciocalteu method and UPLC-PDA system, respectively. Wide variations in TPC (7.99 to 133.70 ㎎GAE/g DE), rosmarinic acid (ND to 21.05 ㎎/g DE), caffeic acid (ND to 1.17 ㎎/g DE), apigenin- 7-O-diglucuronide (ND to 2.21 ㎎ luteolin equivalent (㎎LUE)/g DE), scutellarein-7-O-glucuronide (ND to 5.25 ㎎ LUE/g DE), and apigenin-7-O-glucuronide (ND to 2.81 ㎎ LUE/g DE) were observed. Intensities of green pigment at abaxial and adaxial leaf surfaces were positively correlated with phenolic compounds whereas leaf length and width had negative correlation. Purple pigmented accessions were shorter in leaf length and width but exhibited higher amount of phenolic compounds compared to green pigmented accessions in most cases. Leaf shape was not related with content of phenolic compounds, color of leaves, and length/width of leaves. TPC and individual phenolic compounds along with morphological characters could be useful distinguishing factors for perilla genetic resources.

Assessing phenolic content and antioxidant potential diversity in Allium plants using multivariate data analysis

Awraris Derbie Assefa,정이진,김다정,전영아,이중로,고호철,백형진,성정숙 한국원예학회 2018 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.59 No.5

The genus Allium includes hundreds of plant species and is regarded as one of the most cultivated vegetables. It is an important source of novel therapeutic compounds known for their beneficial effects on human health; however, there could be differences in content, composition, type, and bioactivity of the phytochemicals found among the Allium plants. The main purpose of this study was to acquire insights on the variation in antioxidant profiles and phenolic content between Allium accessions in different species, as well as between similar species of several varieties. We collected 112 accessions from more than 20 countries, and grew them under similar agronomic conditions. The antioxidant potential was evaluated by using 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), 1,1-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and reducing power (RP) assays. The total phenolic content (TPC) was studied using the Folin–Ciocalteu method. TPC varied from 3.43 (accession 199897) to 22.19 (accession 273483) µg gallic acid equivalent/mg dry weight (DW) of the aerial organs of Allium. The antioxidant activity of Allium samples ranged from 4.37 (accession 806595) to 57.46 (accession number 711971) µg Trolox equivalent/mg DW; 0.35 (accession 117246) to 9.53 (accession 711971) µg ascorbic acid equivalents/mg DW; 2.92 (accession 199890) to 21.20 (accession 803493) µgAAE/mg DW; and 0.80 (accession 117260) to 31.13 (accession 803527) µgAAE/mg DW using ABTS, DPPH, FRAP, and RP assays, respectively. Accessions 273483 (A. cepa), 283346 (A. cepa ‘cepa’), and 803527 (unknown species) had the highest TPC, FRAP, and RP values among those tested, while the highest ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activities were recorded in accession 711971 (A. ramosum). Pearson’s coefficient of correlations indicated that variables (TPC, ABTS, DPPH, FRAP, and RP values) correlated significantly each other, with r-values between 0.585 and 0.894. Principal component analysis plots and hierarchical cluster analysis indicated significant variability in antioxidant activity and phenolic content among all the accessions studied, as well as within similar species. Based on our results from principal component and hierarchical cluster analysis, accession 283346 (A. cepa ‘cepa’), K139348 (A. fistulosum), and 711971 (A. ramosum) are potential sources of phenolics and natural antioxidants. The variability in total phenolic and antioxidant activity among the Allium accessions can be used by breeders, food technologists, nutritionist, and researchers for assessing breeding lines for genetic selection and for monitoring levels of these factors during food storage and processing.

Agro-morphological Characters, Total Phenolic Content, and Fatty Acid Compositions of Safflower Genetic Resources

Awraris Derbie Assefa,Jung Sook Sung(성정숙),Myeong Chul Lee(이명철),Bum Soo Hahn(한범수),Hyung Jun Noh(노형준),On Sook Hur(허온숙),Na Young Ro(노나영),Ae Jin Hwang(황애진),Bich Saem Kim(김빛샘),Jae Eun Lee(이재은) 한국약용작물학회 2021 한국약용작물학회지 Vol.29 No.1

Background: Safflower is an important crop that does not require rich soils. It grows well in dry soils or arid areas with seasonal rain. Exploring the fatty acid profiles and agro-morphological characteristics of diversified collections of safflower provides baseline data for developing improved varieties. In this study, we investigated the variation in agro-morphological characteristics, fatty acid composition and total phenolic content of the seeds, and the relationship between the agro-morphological and biochemical characteristics. Methods and Results: Agro-morphological characteristics were recorded in the field and laboratory. Total phenolic content was estimated using Folin-Ciocalteu’s method and fatty acids were determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Orange, red, and white petal colors were observed; orange was the dominant pigment. Wide ranges of other agro-morphological characteristics were also recorded. More than 87% of the accessions contained > 50% linoleic acid while approximately 12% of the accessions contained > 50% oleic acid. A strong correlation was observed between palmitic and linoleic acid, and crude fat and oleic acid. A strong negative correlation was observed between crude fat and linoleic acid, palmitic and oleic acid, and oleic and linoleic acid. Conclusions: Safflower accessions were found to be a poor indicator of essential linolenic acid. The wide variation in agro-morphological and biochemical traits of safflower accessions could potentially help to develop an improved, nutrient-dense safflower cultivar.

Characterization, identification, and quantification of phenolic compounds using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and evaluation of antioxidant activity of 73 <i>Perilla frutescens</i> accessions

Assefa, Awraris Derbie,Jeong, Yi-Jin,Kim, Da-Jeong,Jeon, Young-Ah,Ok, Hyun-Choong,Baek, Hyung-Jin,Sung, Jung-Sook Elsevier 2018 Food Research International Vol.111 No.-

<P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Nine phenolic compounds were identified and characterized by UPLC-PDA-ESI-TOF-MS. </LI> <LI> Rosmarinic acid and scutellarein-7-<I>O</I>-glucuronide are the major phenolics in perilla leaf. </LI> <LI> A wide variation of phenolic compounds and antioxidant property was seen among perilla accessions. </LI> <LI> Perilla leaf can be used as a rich source of bioactive compounds in nutraceutical industries. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

국외 수집 홍화 유전자원의 항산화 활성 및 세로토닌 유도체 함량 분석

정이진,Awraris Derbie Assefa,이호선,이혜경,성정숙 한국자원식물학회 2019 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.32 No.5

In order to select potential plant resources as functional materials and natural antioxidants, we evaluatedantioxidant activity and serotonin derivatives of safflower germplasm collected from five countries. N-(p-Coumaroyl)serotonin (CS) and N-feruloylserotonin (FS) were analyzed by using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC). Total polyphenol content (TPC) was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method and antioxidant activities were estimated by2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS),Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and Reducing power (RP) assays. The TPC showed a range of 28.25 to 90.53㎍gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/㎎ dried extract (DE). DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and RP assay were in the range of 18.76 to 93.98,48.91 to 163.73, 3.80 to 132.29 and 26.32 to 80.08 ㎍ ascorbic acid equivalent (ASCE)/㎎ DE, respectively. Among the fivecountries, safflower seed collected from Iran had the highest levels of serotonin derivatives and antioxidant activities thanother countries (p<0.05). CS showed high correlation with TPC, ABTS and DPPH (r=0.673,0.727,0.820), and FS showedhigh correlation with DPPH (r=0.740). Accessions IT321214 and IT321215 could be useful for development of newfunctional materials and could be used as a source of valuable natural antioxidant materials. 본 연구는 이란 등 5개국에서 수집한 홍화자원을 대상으로하여 천연항산화제로써 홍화종자의 항산화 활성을 평가하고,세로토닌 유도체인N-(p-Coumaroyl) serotonin과N-feruloylserotonin의 함량을 측정하여 항산화 활성과의 상관관계를 조사하였다. 총폴리페놀함량은 28.25 ~ 90.53 ㎍GAE/㎎DE의범위를 나타내었고, 색소화합물인 DPPH 라디칼과ABTS+을 이용한 유리라디칼소거능을 측정하는 DPPH assay와 ABTS assay의 값은 18.76 ~ 93.98 및 48.91 ~ 163.73 ㎍ ASCE/㎎ DE의범위를 나타내었다. 시료의 환원능을 측정하는 방법인 FRAPassay과 RP assay는 3.80 ~ 132.29 및 26.32 ~ 80.08 ㎍ASCE/㎎DE의 범위로 나타내었다. UHPLC를 이용하여 CS와FS를 분석한 결과, CS 함량은 2.56 ~ 64.99 ㎎/g DE이고, FS함량값은 1.92 ~ 65.36 ㎎/g DE이었다. 5개국 중 이란 원산종은 다른 나라에 비해 세로토닌 유도체 함량과 항산화 활성의 평균값이 높게 측정되었다. 항산화 활성과 세로토닌 유도체 함량간의 상관관계 분석 결과, CS는 TPC와 ABTS, DPPH와 높은상관성을 보였고(r = 0.673, 0.727, 0.820), FS는 DPPH와 높은 상관성을 보였다(r = 0.740). RACI를 통하여 선발된IT321214과 IT321215는 항산화 활성이 높은 자원으로 천연항산화제 소재 탐색 및 개발에 기초자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로생각된다.

배추 유전자원의 형태 특성 및 β-Carotene과 Canthaxanthin 변이

최수산나,Awraris Derbie Assefa,이재은,성정숙,허온숙,노나영,이호선,이석영,이주희 한국약용작물학회 2018 한국약용작물학술대회 발표집 Vol.2018 No.10

Background : Carotenoids are pigments that are found in plants, fruits, bacteria, and fungi. β -carotene and canthaxanthin are orange pigments among thousands of carotenoids that possess potent antioxidant activity. The objective of this study was to determine β-carotene and cantaxanthin in 55 Kimchi cabbage germplasm using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method. Method and Results : 55 Kimchi cabbage accessions were sown in plug trays in the end of August, 2016. All the tissue samples were freeze-dried for 1 week and ground into fine powder and stored at -20℃ until analysis. Crude carotenoids from freeze-dried materials (100 mg) were extracted using 1 ㎖ of 100% (v/v) hexane in 10 minutes by using sonication bath followed by centrifugation. The average β-carotene contents was 1.43 ㎎·㎏-1 and ranged from 0.76 (IT 120045) to 2.25 ㎎·㎏-1 (IT 100378). The average canthaxanthin content in the entire domain of sample was 0.59 ㎎·㎏-1 with a range between 0.36 (IT 32746) and 1.08 ㎎․㎏-1 (IT 100386). Canthaxanthin content was significantly positively correlated with β-carotene (r = 0.65**) and leaf length (r = 0.63**). However, canthaxanthin was negatively correlated with cotyledon color (r = -0.41**). Principal component analysis results of the first two components (PC1 and PC2) explained 44.53% of the point variability. Conclusion : The resources with the highest β-carotene and canthaxanthin content are IT 100378, 100386, 100391, and 110828. This study could be useful to select a potential sources of health beneficial carotenoids (β-carotene and canthaxanthin) in Kimchi cabbage germplasm in nutraceutical formulations and for further applications as a breeding material and other research activities.

들깨 유전자원의 지방산 변이 및 rosmarinic acid와 caffeic acid의 함량에 따른 항산화 활성 비교

김다정,Awraris Derbie Assefa,정이진,전영아,이재은,이명철,이호선,이주희,성정숙 한국약용작물학회 2019 한국약용작물학회지 Vol.27 No.2

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the fatty acid composition, antioxidant activity, and the content of two major phenolic acids, caffeic and rosmarinic acids, of 45 Perilla accessions collected from Russia. Methods and Results: A total of 45 accessions of the genus Perilla were used in this study. The antioxidant activities of these accessions were analyzed using a spectrophotometer, and their caffeic and rosmarinic acid contents were determined using a reversedphase ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) system. The Perilla seed oil was recovered using hexane in a soxhlet extraction method. The fatty acid compositions were analyzed using a Shimadzu QP2010 gas chromatography-mass spectoroscopy system. The results showed that accessions IT226732 and IT274300 had the highest content of caffeic and rosmarinic acid, respectively. A cluster analysis based on antioxidant assay results and concentration of phenolic acids led to the categorization of Perilla accessions into three major groups. The accessions in Group I were characterized by higher caffeic and rosmarinic acid content and antioxidant activity, compared to the accessions in the other two groups (p < 0.05). The total oil content ranged between 28.39 and 46.89%. The compositions of oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acid ranged from 11.83 to 19.55%, 11.92 to 16.71%, and 59.19 to 67.28%, respectively. Conclusions: The results of this study indicated that accessions IT274300, IT226732, IT274293, IT235818, and IT235820 could be used as a source of functional materials.