역사학도와 직업전망

이길용 동국사학회 1984 동국사학 Vol.18 No.-

語用論·社会言語学研究の現状と展望

이길용 한국일본어학회 2017 日本語學硏究 Vol.0 No.51

This paper reviews researches of pragmatics/sociolinguistics through analysis of 122 research articles published in 2015 and 2016 in Korea. Classification of keywords of these articles reveals that ‘Contrastive discourse analysis between Korean and Japanese’ is a characteristic of researches on pragmatics/sociolinguistics in Korea. It further shows a tendency for many keywords to be related to the field of (i) communicational functions between Korean and Japanese, (ii) speech act strategies in a first-meeting contact situation, and (iii) second language acquisition. In the area of Contrastive Discourse Analysis, many studies regard the social practicality as their research significance, for their findings can help resolve issues of conflict or misunderstandings in communication. The trend has been situation-descriptive contrastive research that is motivated by ‘what and how speakers utter’. While a large portion of these researches are devoted to exploring linguistic strategies on the basis of the Politeness Theory, only few researches take an approach of the Variation Theory in terms of how a speaker choose different linguistic forms in diverse situations. Further, there are some studies authored by Japanese researchers who live in Korea which investigate the differences between Korean and Japanese in the culture of apology by addressing common trends that are often unnoticed by Korean people. These studies are innovative in the sense that they constitute cultural research without much influence from linguistic theories. Research of Second Language Acquisition (SLA) has developed from acquisition to maintenance and attrition, based on a fundamental goal to discover rules in the interlanguage of learners. However, research on acquisition of sociolinguistic competence is yet to be explored. Its research is an urgent matter for the SLA literature since it is an important competence for Japanese learners to establish and maintain interpersonal networks using Japanese. A veteran researcher once said “Contrastive research of empirical linguistic behaviour between Korean and Japanese is still lacking both in terms of the qualitative and quantitative points of view”. This seems still to be valid even though many detailed aspects of linguistic behaviour in Korean and Japanese people have been made clear through the efforts of numerous researchers. Further, while there are many researches that aim to observe and describe particular linguistic behaviours, little attention has been paid to ground-analysis-type research as to how and why those languages behave in such a way. 본고에서는 화용론·사회언어학 분야에서 2015-16년도에 한국에서 발표된 122개의 연구 논문을 대상으로 전망한다. 대상 논문의 키워드를분류해보면 <한국어와 일본어의 대조담화분석>이라는 한국에서의 화용론 연구·사회언어학 연구의 특징이 부각되고 (1)한일 간 커뮤니케이션의 기능 (2)첫대면 접촉장면에서의 발화행위의 전략, (3)제2언어습득 분야의 키워드가 많은 것을 알 수 있다. 한일 간 대조담화분석 연구분야에서는 의사소통상의 오해나 마찰의 해소에 도움이 되고자 하는 사회적 유용성을 연구의 의의로 언급한 논고가 많다. ‘어떤 내용을, 어떻게 말하는가’에 착안한 실태기술형 대조연구가 진행되어 왔는데 공손이론을 이론적 배경으로 하여 언어적 전략을파악한 연구는 많은 반면, 한 명의 화자가 여러 상황에서 어떤 변종을 사용하는가 하는 변이이론의 관점에서 논의한 것은 적다. 한편 한국인에게는 너무나 당연해 의식되지 않는 실태를 거론하며 한일 간 사과문화의 차이를 파고든 것으로 한국에 거주하는 일본인 연구자에 의한 문화론적 연구는 언어이론에 매몰되지 않은 것으로 신선함이 돋보인다. 제2언어습득 연구는 학습자언어에 있어서의 규칙 발견을 기본적인 목표로 하여 습득에서 유지, 그리고 마멸에 대한 연구로 발전하고 있다. 그러나 사회언어능력의 습득연구는 아직 부족하다. 일본어 학습자가 일본어를 사용하여 대인관계 네트워크를 구축하고 유지하는 데 중요한 능력이므로 연구가 시급하다. 많은 연구자의 노력으로 한국인과 일본인의 언어행동의 구체적인 모습이 밝혀지고 있지만 ‘실증적 언어행동의 한일대조 연구는 질적으로도양적으로도 아직 부족하다’는 원로 연구자의 지적은 여전히 유효한 것으로 보인다. 그리고 특정 언어행동의 관찰과 묘사를 목적으로 하는 것이많은 반면, 왜 그런 모습을 하고 있는가 하는 요인분석형 연구가 적다는 것이 과제로 남는다.

마이크로웨이브 플라즈마에서 메탄-수소가스로부터 다이아몬드박막의 화학증착

이길용,제정호 한국세라믹학회 1989 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.26 No.3

In this study, it was tried to deposit diamond films from a mixture of CH4 and H2 by the microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition(MWCVD). The MWCVD process was designed and set up from the 2.45GHz microwave generator. And the diamond film was successfully deposited on silicon wafers from the mixture of methane and hydrogen. The microstructures of the deposited diamond films were studied by using the following deposition variables : (a) methane concentration(0.6-10%), (b) reaction pressure(10-100torr), and (c) the substrate temperature(450-76$0^{\circ}C$).

지하수 라돈과 실내공기 라돈의 제거 및 상관성 연구

이길용,고경석,조수영,하규철 대한방사선방어학회 2016 대한방사선방어학회 학술발표회 논문요약집 Vol.2016 No.12

Machine health management in smart factory: A review

이길용,김민철,전영준,김민식,Thomas Joon Young Kim,윤해성,민상기,김동현,문정욱,오진우,최인규,김창수,추원식,양진규,Binayak Bhandari,이춘만,인정범,안성훈 대한기계학회 2018 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.32 No.3

In this paper, we present a review of machine health managements for the smart factory. As the Industry 4.0 leads current factory automation and intelligent machines, the machine health management for diagnostic and prognostic purposes are essential, and their importance is getting more significant for the realization of the smart factory in the Industry 4.0. After brief introductions to important concepts and definitions composing smart factory and Industry 4.0, the developments in maintenance strategies towards Prognostics and health management (PHM) of machines are summarized. The review of machine health managements is followed, classifying the references by the monitoring components, types of measurements, as well as PHM tools and algorithms. 94 existing articles are reviewed and summarized in this regard. The implementation of machine health management within the smart factory are discussed in terms of data connectivity, communications, Cyber-physical system (CPS) and virtual factory, addressing Internet of things (IoT), cloud computing, and big data management.

지하수라돈의 제거조건에 따른 제거효율 측정

이길용,윤윤열,고경석 한국대기환경학회 2010 한국대기환경학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.5월

韓 · 中 · 日の3ヶ国人の断り発話に対する相互評価

李吉鎔 중앙대학교 일본연구소 2015 日本 硏究 Vol.0 No.39

This research is about evaluation of language behavior in Korean, Chinese and Japanese. Its originality is due to the fact that it is not an analysis on the causes of language behavior or a descriptive research of language behavior. It focuses on patterns of utterances taken from real speech data, analyzing positive and negative evaluation by Korean, Chinese and Japanese speakers on refusal and account utterances. The survey was carried out between 2009 and 2010 among 922 college students in Korea, China and Japan, around 300 students in each country. The subjects were asked to evaluate utterances in their own language and in the two other languages. The results found are the following: (1) Japanese speakers highly evaluated request utterances in their native language. This result shows that Japanese language has a typical pattern of language behavior. (2) Japanese speakers highly evaluated refusal utterances in Chinese and Japanese, but negatively evaluated request and account utterances in these two languages. (3) Korean speakers negatively evaluated account and refusal utterances in Japanese, but they positively evaluated request utterances. On the other hand, an opposite tendency is seen in the results concerning the same speech acts in Chinese. (4) Chinese speakers positively evaluated all three speech acts in Korean, request, account and refusal speech acts. However, negative evaluation of speech acts in Japanese grows in this order: request, account and refusal. Until now, researches in this field often pointed that differences in the performance of refusal speech acts across languages was a major cause for misunderstandings. However, the results of this survey shows that in the case of speech acts that presents high risk for loosing face such as refusal speech acts, detailed explanation of the reasons can be more effective in communication. This explains why Japanese ambiguous language behavior were negatively evaluated.

南米の日系移民社会における言語能力意識の変容

李吉鎔 중앙대학교 일본연구소 2014 日本 硏究 Vol.0 No.37

This paper analyses the situation of language contact between Japanese and Portuguese and between Japanese and Spanish adopting a dynamic approach. The analysis considers the historical and social background of the speakers. It aims to show the particularities of language contact of Japanese immigrant communities in South America and highlights the first generation who immigrated in an early age and also the Okinawan immigrants. Concerning the subjects’ language awareness of Japanese and the local language, the analysis was divided into three parts: spoken language (including listening skill) and written language (reading and writing skills). Concerning the Okinawan community’s spoken language, the object of analysis included the language competence in Japanese as well as in Okinawan dialect and in the local language. The analysis made clear the following points. First, “family immigration” and the great number of first generation speakers who immigrated in an early age are the main features of Japanese immigration in South America. For this reason, 1.5 generation immigrants must be considered the “typical bilingual speakers” and not the second generation as it has been said throughout the years. Second, the Okinawan immigrant community has always been considered as part of the Japanese immigration, and researchers have studied it in a situation of language contact between two languages. However, the mother language of Okinawan immigrants is the Okinawan dialect and, for instance, the language contact occurs among three languages, Okinawan dialect, Japanese and the local language. The characteristics of language contact and language change in this community are different from those of the Japanese immigrant community.

ブラジル日系社会2世の日本語能力の維持に関する要因

이길용 한국일본어학회 2014 日本語學硏究 Vol.0 No.39

本稿はブラジル日系社会2世の日本語能力意識に焦点を当て、日本語能力の維持状況を明らかにし、日本語能力の維持に関わる要因について考察するものである。ブラジル日系社会のうち、大都市郊外の近郊農村地域と奥地農村の2地点における調査資料を用いて比較的に分析した結果は、次のようにまとめられる。まず、ブラジル日系社会の2世は、おおむね日本語能力を維持しているが、その度合いは奥地農村か近郊農村かというコミュニティーの社会的環境に左右される。すなわち、職業·学歴の違いやそれに伴う都市部への進出などといったコミュニティーの性格により日本語能力に差がみられる。次に、日系2世において日本語能力が備わるようになったことには、幼児期の家庭内での日本語使用および地域社会の友人との日本語使用が大きく影響し、また一部に年少期の日本語学校への通学経験の長さがかかわっている可能性がある。日本語能力を保持している2世は、家庭内および地域社会で日系人の友人とのあいだで日本語を使用し、NHKや日本語の新聞を利用するなど、現在も日本語による言語生活を営んでいる。 This paper analyses the present situation of Japanese-Brazilian second generation’s Japanese language proficiency and maintenanceand discusses the factors related to language maintenance based on a survey on language attitude. The data was collected in tworural communities, one in the surroundings of urban centers and the other in the interior of São Paulo State. The results of thecomparative analysis of the data in each of the communities can be summarized as showed below. Japanese language maintenance is observed among Japanese-Brazilian 2nd generation speakers. The proficiency level varieswhether the speakers live in rural areas in the interior or in rural areas in the surroundings of urban centers. In other words, thesocial environment is a factor as important as profession and educational level. Another major factor which contributes to the 2nd generation speakers’ high proficiency is the use of Japanese in the familiarenvironment during their childhood. The experience of attending school also has some effect on the language proficiency. however itdoes not seem to be a major factor. The results of the survey showed that 2nd generation speakers who have a high languageproficiency use Japanese in their daily life with their family members and within their social community.

日本語学習者の推量·確認要求表現の使用条件

이길용 한국일본어학회 2015 日本語學硏究 Vol.0 No.44

This research is a case study on the communication competence and language maintenance by a Korean learner (HT) of Japanese language. The analysis focuses on expressions of supposition and request for confirmation and clarifies constraints on the use of these expressions observed in HT’s speech. Speech data was collected through a longitudinal survey totalizing 12 recordings over the various steps of HT’s language acquisition. The last survey was carried out ten years after HT returned to Korea. The results are summarizes as below: (a) The use of expressions of “doubt”, “supposition” and “request for confirmation of proposition” indicates HT’s uncertainty about his opinion or information he is conveying. (b) “Request for confirmation of shared knowledge” is used based only on the speaker’s point of view and knowledge. The speaker assumes that the hearer has the same point of view as his. (c) The analysis of the data shows that the speaker does not consider shared knowledge with the hearer from the hearer’s point of view when using expressions of supposition and request for confirmation. This is probably due to simplification of the constraints which affect the use of modality expressions. This simplification may also ease the speaker’s language performance.