불어권 아프리카 영화에 나타난 신식민주의 비판 : 우스만 셈벤의 『할라(Xala)』 연구

홍미선 한국외국어대학교 국제지역연구센터 2010 국제지역연구 Vol.14 No.1

The Senegalese filmmaker Ousmane Sembene is internationally known as the ‘Father of african cinema'. Recurrent themes of his films are the history of colonialism, the critique of the new African bourgeoisie, and the strength of African women. As an author so concerned with social change, Sembene's vision is clear: the cinema for Africans has a duty to be 'night school' and the filmmaker is the one waking up national conscience. He also played a significant role in political debates on African decolonization and took a radical, pro-independence line against what he regarded as the assimilationist tendencies of proponents of Negritude, the literary and ideological movement led by the former Senegalese President Senghor. In his works like Xala and Ceddo, he pointed an angry and satirical finger at the failures and excesses of modern African governments, Senghor’s in particular, and his unsparing criticism made him a controversial figure. Sembene's film Xala(1974), based on his own novel of the same title, demonstrates his ongoing social, political, and cultural concerns. This film takes place among Black Africa's newly rising bourgeoisie, which is doomed to loose its power unless it stops aping the Western world and identifies with the needs and social aspirations of the African masses. This savagely comical satire portrays El Hadji, a prosperous, self-satisfied, politically crooked modern businessman who is struck down by the "xala" - a curse rendering its victim impotent. While he chases after various witch doctors, his sexual impotence parallels his business bankruptcy and becomes a mirror of the powerlessness of young African nations over dependent on white technology. Xala is structured principally around the notion of fetishism, presenting the rituals of the African bourgeoisie in all their contradictions. An idealization of the West is shown to exist side by side with a profound belief in superstition and magic. Through this moving and comical look at a man caught up in the corruption of his country and unable to consummate his third polygamous marriage, Xala denounces the parasitic Senegalese bourgeoisie and exposes the neocolonial political regime. Anyhow, Sembene believed that Africans would experience true liberation when they discovered their own, homegrown versions of modernity. In Xala, he portrays El Hadji's daughter Rama as a radical young student engaged in the fight against polygamy and for the promotion of Wolof in Senegal. As an ideal synthesis of Africa and Europe, she represents the possibility open to African women in the future to render the hopes of African people realizable. 1960년대 초 아프리카의 독립과 함께 시작된 아프리카 영화의 역사에서 우스만 셈벤의 존재는 가히 독보적이다. 그에게 영화는 무지한 민중을 위한 정치교육의 수단이었다. 그의 작품들 중 아프리카 지배계급의 신식민주의적 행태를 통렬히 비판한 1974년의 『할라』는 독립 이후 신흥 부르주아 권력층의 위선과 부패를 폭로하여 문맹인 아프리카 농민들까지도 무엇이 옳고 그른지를 인식하게 한다. 일시적인 성적 불능 상태를 초래하는 아프리카 전통의 주술행위 ‘할라’를 소재로 전통과 현대성, 지배자와 피지배자, 프롤레타리아와 부르주아지, 자본주의와 사회주의, 월로프어와 프랑스어 간의 갈등을 치밀한 구도로 화면에 담아낸 이 영화는 오늘날 아프리카의 비극적 현실이 백인모방에 급급한 흑인 부르주아지의 헐벗은 민중에 대한 불법적 착취에 기인함을 또한 보여준다. 셈벤은 이 영화를 통해 민중이 주체가 되는 사회변혁의 시급성을 역설하면서 전통과 현대성의 조화를 통한 새로운 아프리카의 건설을 촉구하고 있다.

시각장애학교 교사의 교사발달단계에 따른 교사효능감 연구

홍미선,이해균 한국시각장애교육&재활학회 2014 시각장애연구 Vol.30 No.4

The purpose of this study was to maximize educational efficacy of teachers in Schools for the Visually Impaired(SVI) through providing reference data that can improve efficacy on each stage of development of teachers. From the described subject method and procedure, the results are followed. First, for developmental stage of teachers in SVI according to the background variable. Female teachers marked higher than male on survival stage and career frustration. Higher age marked higher in overall developmental stage, and same to maturity, and security and inactivity stages. For education career, maturity stage was higher in order of ‘Over 30 years’, ‘11-20 years’, ‘21-30 years’, and ‘under 10 years’. For visually handicapped, the stage was higher in order of ‘general sight’, ‘blind’, and ‘low vision’. Second, for efficacy of teachers in SVI according to the background variable. Elementary school teachers showed higher ‘self-regulating efficacy’, and for marital status. For ages, older teachers showed higher efficacy, and self confidence showed higher in order of 50’s, 40’s and appeared the same in 20’s and 30’s. ‘self-regulating efficacy’ was higher as teachers are older. For career, it showed the highest on teachers have more than 30 years experience, and followed by ’11-20 years’, and ’21-30 years’ which showed the same, and the lowest on ‘under 10 years’. Confidence showed the most on ’21-30 years’ and followed by ’11-20years’, ‘under 10 years’, and ‘over 30 years’. self-regulating efficacy showed high in order of ‘over 30years’, ‘11-20years’, ‘21-30 years’, and ‘under 10 years’. For vision disability, general sight showed higher than blind on overall efficacy, and ‘self-regulating efficacy’ was showed higher in order of general sight, low vision, and blind. Third, in the correlation between the development stages of teachers and teacher efficacy, survival stage, growth stage, maturity stage, vocational frustration stage, promotion-oriented stage and stability stagnation stage correlated meaningfully with confidence, task-difficulty preference and ‘self-regulated efficacy’ among teacher efficacy, but growth stage and stability stagnation stage showed no meaningful correlation with confidence among teacher efficacy, and vocational frustration stage had no meaningful correlation with task-difficulty preference. 본 연구는 시각장애학교 교사의 교사발달단계에 따른 교사효능감을 증진시키기 위한 기초적인 자료를 제공하기 위해 설문지를 통한 전국 시각장애학교 교사를 대상으로 수행되었다. 그 연구결과를 토대로 내린 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 시각장애학교 교사의 발달단계는 성별에서 생존과 직업적 좌절단계에서 여자교사가 남자교사 보다 더 높았고, 연령별에서는 성숙단계에서 40대와 50대가 20대보다, 50대가 30대보다, 안정침체단계에서는 50대가 40대보다 더 높았다. 교육경력별은 성숙단계에서 11∼20년, 21∼30년이 10년 이하보다 높았고, 그리고 정안교사가 맹교사보다 성숙단계에서 더 높았다. 둘째, 교사의 효능감은 과정별에서 자기조절효능감이 초등교사가 고등교사보다 더 높았고, 연령별은 자신감에서 50대가 30대보다, 자기조절효능감에서는 50대가 20대 보다 더 높았다. 교육경력별은 자신감에서 21∼30년이 10년 이하보다 더 높았고, 자기조절효능감에서 11∼20년이 10년 이하보다 더 높았다. 그리고 정안교사가 맹교사와 저시력교사보다 자기조절효능감에서 더 높았다. 셋째, 교사발달단계와 교사효능감의 상관관계에서 교사의 생존단계, 성장단계, 성숙단계, 직업적좌절단계, 승진지향단계, 안정침체단계는 교사효능감 중 자신감, 과제난이도선호, 자기조절효능감과 유의미한 상관이 있었다. 이러한 연구결과를 근거로 하여 후속 연구에 필요한 사항을 제언하였다.

인간 진피 섬유아세포에서 천연성분 쿼세틴의 작용기전

홍미선,윤영민,안성관,안인숙,변부형 한국피부과학연구원 2012 대한피부미용학회지 Vol.10 No.3

Quercetin is a polyflavonoid used at the raw material of foods, cosmetics, medicines as an anti-oxidant, antiallergic,anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory agent. However, its intracellular mechanisms and signaling pathways on skin cells are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms of quercetin in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). To determine cell viability on quercetin, we performed MTT assay in quercetin-treated HDFs. Quercetin did not cause any significant changes in viability of HDFs. Quercetin induced accumulation of p53 and phosphorylation of p38 MAPK. Cell cycle analysis using flow cytometry in quercetin-treated HDFs determined that quercetin caused G2/M phase arrest in a dose-dependent manner. DNA microarray analysis revealed that expression of various genes were regulated in quercetin-treated HDFs,and several transcripts showing critical levels of changes in their expression were validated by qRT-PCR. Quercetin induced the expression of HO-1, E2F7, TP53I3, known to be associated with cell protection, in doseand time-dependent manners. Taken together, these results demonstrate that quercetin may be used as an effective cosmeceutical material useful for protection of the dermal skin.

비전공자를 위한 컴퓨팅 사고력의 개념적 고찰

홍미선,조정원,Hong, Mi-Sun,Cho, Jungwon 중소기업융합학회 2021 융합정보논문지 Vol.11 No.10

The purpose of this paper is to examine the concept of computational thinking in an easy-to-understand way for non-computer majors. First, It is necessary to expand from the problem-solving perspective to the perspective of problem discovery and creation ability, and establish it as a thinking ability that can cultivate human-like thinking, that is, creative thinking. Second, the concept of computational thinking can be viewed not only in the cognitive aspect but also in the emotional motive and attitude aspect. Third, systematic design of teaching methods is needed based on the expansion of the concept to computational thinking that helps learners to improve their reflective ability. It is expected that the results of this study will serve as basic research for various attempts in terms of the purpose and teaching method of computational thinking education in the future.

Trichocarpus crinitus로부터 추출한 다당류의 특성

홍미선,김용환,Irina M. Yermak 한국식품영양학회 1998 한국식품영양학회지 Vol.11 No.1

Two kinds of carrageenan were extracted from red seaweeds, Tichocarpus crinitus, collected in The Peter the Great Bay of Russia on August, 1996. One is KC1-insoluble carrageenan and another is KC1-soluble carrageenan. The yield of KC1-insoluble carrageenan was 17.15%, which is composed of 18.06% total sulfate, 5.61% protein, 3.51% K+, 0.49% Na+, 1.66% Ca2+, 54.26% galactose, 4.68% xylose, trace of mannose and glucose. The yield of KC1-soluble carrageenan was 3.52%, which is composed of 24.06% total sulfate, 5.2% protein, 5.32% K+, 0.16% Na+, 2.80% Ca2+, 33.54% galactose, 5.48% xylose, 4.32% mannose, trace of glucose. But rhamnose was not detected in both case. FT-IR spectrum showed that the KC1-insoluble carrageenan was kappa-type carrageenan and that KC1-soluble carrageenan was lambda, iota hybrid-type carrageenan. KC1-insoluble carrageenan was very weakly formation the gel compared with KC1-insoluble carrageenan from other red seaweeds. So we investigated viscosity. Both type carrageenan was stable in the temperature until 9$0^{\circ}C$, 1 hr. The viscosity of the solution of KC1-insoluble carrageenan was increased to about two folds by K+, but was not changed by Ca2+. The viscosity of the solution of KC1-soluble carrageenan was reduced by K+ and Ca2+. Both of them was stabilized in alkali but was reduced in comparison with acid conditions. In this study, both carrageenan was expected as thickening agent than gelling agent for food additives.

음악을 전공한 특수교사의 자서전적 생애사 연구

홍미선,곽승철 학습자중심교과교육학회 2024 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.24 No.11

Objectives The purpose of this study is to deeply understand and analyze the process from becoming a music teacher to a special education teacher to find the existential meaning of life and suggest implications for growth as a teacher. Methods Through the autobiographical life history research method, the course of major events according to the chronological flow of a specific section of the teacher's life that had a significant impact on the teacher's life is examined from a first-person perspective to find the existential meaning of life and promote the teacher's internal growth. Results The innate element of immediate action practice was a great help in the process of going from a music teacher to a special education teacher, and all the effort and time invested in the process became an important factor in growing as a teacher. In addition, the reason why I was able to overcome the trials and errors I experienced in the process of becoming a special education teacher may have been due to the researcher's efforts, but the most important thing was that I was able to overcome the trials and errors I experienced in the process of becoming a special education teacher, but the most important thing was that I was able to overcome the trials and errors I experienced in the process of becoming a special education teacher, but the most important thing was that I was able to overcome the trials and errors I experienced in the process of becoming a special education teacher. I learned that I needed to pursue growth. Third, rather than avoiding crises that come in one's life, everyone must go back to the starting point and face them, remembering the passion, enlightenment, and growth process of that period to provide the driving force to overcome the crisis. Fourth, students are also valuable members of the family. She was able to remember once again that teachers have no right to treat students poorly, so they must respect students for who they are. Lastly, I came to find identity and meaning between music and special education in that music motivates me to live as a special education teacher and the process and life of a special education teacher provide a foundation for me to grow to a higher level as a teacher. Conclusions Having the courage to take on a challenge and take immediate action became the driving force that allowed us to achieve our goals and move forward despite environmental difficulties. Second, through experience working in special classes, the true roles and responsibilities of special education teachers and a universal view of education were established. Third, teachers have no right to treat students poorly. Fourth, all the time and effort you put into achieving your goal is meaningful, with nothing left to waste. Fifth, teachers are not perfect, so they need time to rest and recharge. What is more important is whether you grow after making a mistake than the fact that you made a mistake. Sixth, we must have the opportunity for inner growth through time of self-reflection and regain the existential meaning of life.

문헌분석을 통한 특수학교와 일반학교 통합학급 음악교육 요구에 관한 동향 분석

홍미선,곽승철 학습자중심교과교육학회 2023 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.23 No.23

목적 본 연구는 급변하는 사회에서 요구하는 지식, 기술, 태도 함양을 위해 특수 음악교육에 대한 꾸준한 요구가 현장에 반영되어개선되었는지 파악하고 특수 음악교육 요구 동향 분석을 통한 실질적, 구체적 지원 방향에 대해 논의하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 방법 특수교육의 음악교육이 나아가야 할 방향 제시를 위해 특수학교와 일반학교 장애 영역별, 학교급별 음악교육 관련 문헌을 바탕으로 음악교육 요구를 추출해 분석 기준에 따른 음악교육 요구의 동향을 분석한다. 분석한 자료를 범주별 수량화한 후 최종 비율로나타내어 음악교육 요구 동향 결과를 토대로 음악교육이 나아가야 할 방향을 제시하는 문헌분석이다. 결과 감각장애의 경우 행정⋅재정 지원 영역에서 교사 전문성이 가장 높은 비율을 나타냈고 발달장애 특수학교의 중학교 과정 역시행정⋅재정 지원 영역에서 교사 전문성이 가장 높은 비율을 보였다. 초등 과정은 교육내용의 교과서 내용 학습 동기 측면에서 가장높은 요구 비율로 드러났으며 교사 전문성이 두 번째로 높은 비율로 나타났다. 미분류에는 교육내용 영역의 교과서 내용, 제재곡 측면에서 동기부여를 강조했고 그 밖에 보편성과 특수성에 대한 요구 또한 꾸준히 나타나고 있었다. 일반학교 통합학급 역시 행정⋅재정 지원에서의 교사 전문성의 필요성을 인식하고 있었는데 특히 특수교사의 음악 전문 지식에 대한 요구를 강조하고 있었다. 또한각 영역에 따른 보편성과 특수성을 강조하고 있으며 학생의 학습 동기부여 측면에서도 꽤 높은 비율이 나타나는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 결론 교사의 행정 업무 처리와 특수, 음악교육 전문성을 동시에 함양하기란 사실상 어려우므로 국가, 시도교육청, 단위 학교 차원에서 음악과 특수교육의 전문성을 동시에 지닌 전문가를 발탁하여 교과서와 교사의 지침서를 개발해 현장에서 바로 활용할 수 있도록해야 한다. 또한 공통교육과정의 음악 교과서에 수록된 제재곡을 참고해 보편성과 특수성을 동시에 추구하고 나아가 가창, 기악, 감상, 생활화 등 모든 음악의 내용 체계를 접해 볼 수 있도록 하여 학생의 동기부여를 위한 장르의 다양성을 확보해야 할 것이다. Objectives This study investigates whether the steady demand for special music education has been reflected in the field and improved in order to cultivate the knowledge, skills, and attitudes required in a rapidly changing society, and discusses the direction of practical and specific support through analysis of trends in special music education needs. Methods In order to suggest the direction in which music education in special education should move, music education needs are extracted based on literature related to music education by disability area and school level in special schools and general schools, and trends in music education needs are analyzed according to analysis standards. This is a literature analysis that quantifies the analyzed data by category and then expresses it as a final ratio to suggest the direction in which music education should move based on the results of music education demand trends. Results In the case of sensory disabilities, teacher expertise showed the highest rate in the areas of administrative and financial support, and middle school courses in special schools for developmental disabilities also showed the highest rate of teacher expertise in the areas of administrative and financial support. The elementary school curriculum was found to have the highest demand rate in terms of motivation to learn textbook content, and teacher expertise was found to have the second highest rate. In the unclassified category, motivation was emphasized in terms of textbook content and song lyrics in the educational content area, and demands for universality and specificity were also consistently appearing. Integrated classes in general schools also recognized the need for teacher expertise in administrative and financial support, and particularly emphasized the need for special education teachers to have expert music knowledge. In addition, the universality and specificity of each area are emphasized, and it was found that the rate of students' learning motivation was quite high. You must be able to use it right away. In addition, by referring to the songs included in the music textbook of the common curriculum, we pursue universality and specificity at the same time, and further secure the diversity of genres to motivate students by allowing them to experience the content system of all music, including singing, instrumental music, appreciation, and daily life. You will have to do it. Conclusions Since it is virtually difficult to cultivate teachers' administrative tasks and special education and music education expertise at the same time, experts with both music and special education expertise are selected at the national, provincial and provincial offices of education, and school level to develop textbooks and teacher guidelines to provide training in the field.

예측오류 분산분해를 이용한 호남지역의 수입행태 분석 : 광주, 전남, 전북

홍미선 한국산학혁신연구원 2025 산학혁신연구 Vol.3 No.4

연구 목적 - 본 연구는 광주, 전남, 전북의 3개 지역 간 인과관계와 경제변수에 대한 반응 정도를 규명하고, 환율과 GDP가 3개 지역의 수입에 끼치는 영향의 동태적 변동을 밝힌다. 방법론 - 계량분석기법으로 예측오류 분산분해와 이동회귀모형을 이용한다. 연구결과 - 분산분해분석을 통해 분해순서와 관계없이 광주와 전북은 상호 영향을 미치며, 광주는 전남에 영향을 미치나 영향을 받지는 않으며, 전북과 전남은 상호 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 지역수입과 경제변수를 분산분해한 결과 환율이 GDP보다 훨씬 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 시사점 - 광주는 전남과 전북의 성장의 혜택을 받지 못하며, 전남과 전북은 상호 영향을 미치지 않아 한 지역의 성장이 인근 지역의 성장으로 파급되지 않는 고립된 섬과 같은 특성을 가지고 있음을 시사한다. Purpose - The main aim of the article is to examine the causal relation among Gwangju, Jeonnam and Jeonbuk encompassing Honam region and to show the dynamic effects of exchange rates and GDP on the imports in three regions. Design/Methodology/Approach - This study adopts forecast error variance decomposition and rolling regression model to invetigate the import behavior of Gwangju, Jeonnam, and Jeonbuk. Findings – Through the analysis of variance decomposition, it was found that Gwangju and Jeonbuk influence each other regardless of the decomposition order but Jeonbuk and Jeonnam do not affect each other, while Gwangju influences Jeonnam unidirectionally. This paper also showed that the exchange rate has a much greater impact than GDP. Research Implications – IThe empirical evidence indicates that Gwangju reaps little benefit from the growth of Jeonnam and Jeonbuk since Gwangju has the characteristics of an isolated island where the growth of one region does not spill over to the growth of neighboring regions.

컴퓨팅 사고력 함양을 위한 경험학습 기반 인공지능 교육의 설계 원리 및 개념모형 개발

홍미선,조정원 한국컴퓨터교육학회 2022 컴퓨터교육학회 논문지 Vol.25 No.3

The purpose of this study to develop teaching and learning design principles and conceptual models for artificial intelligence education based on the experiential learning theory to cultivate computational thinking. In this regard, the design and development research (DDR) methodology, which is one of the widely used research methods in the field of instructional design and technology, was applied, and its validity was verified via Delphi survey and usability evaluation. As a result, 10 teaching design principles (3 teaching goal setting, 2 learning experience selection, 2 learning experience organization, 2 learning outcome evaluation) were derived for the cultivation of computational thinking. Additionally, Kolb's cyclical learning model (concrete experience, reflective reflection and observation, abstract conceptualization, a conceptual model incorporating active experimentation) was proposed. The study findings are expected to serve as a theoretical foundation to support customized AI education that can be applied to learners according to age and level by presenting an effective teaching and learning model for artificial intelligence education for cultivating computational thinking. 본 논문은 컴퓨팅 사고력 함양을 위해 경험학습 이론을 접목하여 인공지능 교육의 교수학습 설계 원리와 개념모형을 개발하는 데 목적을 두고 있다. 이를 위해 교수설계와 기술 분야에서 적용하는 연구방법 중 하나로 알려진 설계·개발 연구(DDR)방법론을 적용하였고 델파이 조사 및 사용성 평가로 타당성을 검증받았다. 연구결과는 컴퓨팅 사고력 함양을 위해 경험학습 기반 인공지능 교육의 교수설계 원리 10가지(교수목표설정 3개, 학습경험선정 2개, 학습경험조직 2개, 학습성과평가 2개)를 도출하였다. 또한 컴퓨팅 사고력, 인공지능 소양, 인공지능 윤리의식의 핵심역량을 달성하기 위해 K-12 대상 인공지능 교육체계를 바탕으로 Kolb의 순환적 학습모형(구체적인 경험, 반성적 성찰·관찰, 추상적인 개념화, 능동적 실험)을 접목한 개념모형을 제안하였다. 본 연구는 컴퓨팅 사고력 함양을 위한 인공지능 교육의 효과적인 교수학습모형을 제시함으로써 학습자의 학년별, 수준별로 적용할 수 있는 맞춤형 인공지능 교육을 지원하는 이론적 토대가 될 것으로 기대한다.

위성영상과 GIS를 활용한 CO₂ 지중저장 후보지 선정

홍미선,손홍규,정재훈,조형식,한수희,Hong, Mi-Seon,Sohn, Hong-Gyoo,Jung, Jae-Hoon,Cho, Hyung-Sig,Han, Soo-Hee 대한원격탐사학회 2011 대한원격탐사학회지 Vol.27 No.1

In the face of growing concern about global warming, increasing attention has been focused on the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions. One method to mitigating the release of carbon dioxide is Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS). CCS includes separation of carbon dioxide from industrial emission in plants, transport to a storage site, and long-term isolation in underground. It is necessary to conduct analyses on optimal site selection, surface monitoring, and additional effects by the construction of CCS facility in Gyeongsang basin, Korea. For the optimal site selection, necessary data; geological map, landcover map, digital elevation model, and slope map, were prepared, and a weighted overlay analysis was performed. Then, surface monitoring was performed using high resolution satellite image. As a result, the candidate region was selected inside Gyeongnam for carbon storage. Finally, the related regulations about CCS facility were collected and analyzed for legal question of selected site.