디지털 아카이브즈의 문제점과 방향 - 문화원형 콘텐츠를 중심으로 -

함한희,박순철,Hahm, Han-Hee,Park, Soon-Cheol 한국비블리아학회 2006 한국비블리아학회지 Vol.17 No.2

This is a study of the digital archives of Culturecontent.com where 'Cultural Archetype Contents' are currently in service. One of the major purposes of our study is to point out problems in the current system and eventually propose improvements to the digital archives. The government launched a four-year project for developing the cultural archetype content sources and establishing its related business with the hope of enhancing the nation's competitiveness. More specifically, the project focuses on the production of source materials of cultural archetype contents in the subjects of Korea's history. tradition, everyday life. arts and general geographical books. In addition, through this project, the government also intends to establish a proper distribution system of digitalized culture contents and to control copyright issues. This paper analyzes the digital archives system that stores the culture content data that have been produced from 2002 to 2005 and evaluates the current system's weaknesses and strengths. The summary of our findings is as follows. First. the digital archives system does not contain a semantic search engine and therefore its full function is 1agged. Second, similar data is not classified into the same categories but into the different ones, thereby confusing and inconveniencing users. Users who want to find source materials could be disappointed by the current distributive system. Our paper suggests a better system of digital archives with text mining technology which consists of five significant intelligent process-keyword searches, summarization, clustering, classification and topic tracking. Our paper endeavors to develop the best technical environment for preserving and using culture contents data. With the new digitalized upgraded settings, users of culture contents data will discover a world of new knowledge. The technology we introduce in this paper will lead to the highest achievable digital intelligence through a new framework.

한국전쟁과 여성

함한희(Hahm Han Hee) 역사비평사 2010 역사비평 Vol.- No.91

This is the study of the Korean War and women. More specifically, I pursue the cultural history of women during the War. What the ‘cultural history’ is meant here is to analyze women’s consciousness, their subjectivity and practices during the war period and to reveal the effects of war on women’s life in general and women’s responds in specific. The socio-political studies of the Korean War have accumulated to a great extent and yet not many studies about women at war have accomplished. From the 2000’s, a small volume of studies of women in the Korean War have been started by social scientists who focused on the issues concerning the change of women’s role and status when men were absent at home. The studies witness that many women became breadwinners working at factories, marketplaces, and many unskilled jobs. However, those studies did not much pay attention to the women’s consciousness and their perception of war. This study shows how the women interviewed experienced the war and perceived it. Those who faced the crisis of ideological battle, endangered family relationship and sexual violation spoke about their experiences with their own voices. The women witnessed another war within the members of family, close kin, and neighbors not alone between the enemies at war. Most women at war tried to be liberated themselves from the ideological battle between the right and the left. They placed themselves to be watchers of family during the war. The data I have used in this paper were collected in the area of Imsil, Jeolla Bukto.

일상식의 ‘이마트’화

함한희(Hahm Han-Hee) 실천민속학회 2008 실천민속학연구 Vol.11 No.-

한국인의 일상식의 변화를 분석하기 위해서 본고에서는 식품의 구입과정에 주목해 보았다. 한국의 주부들이 일상의 식료품을 구입하는 장소로 종래의 시장을 제치고, 대형할인점을 가장 애용한다는 사실이 나타났다. 1990년대에 등장해서 불과 십여 년의 역사를 가진 대형할 인점들의 약진이 최근 더욱 현저해지고 있다. 식료품을 공급ㆍ구입하는 방법의 변화가 일어났다고 하는 것이 단순히 유통업계에 변화만을 뜻하는 것은 아니다. 한국인의 식생활에 중대한 변화를 의미하기 때문에 필자는 대형할인점과 식생활의 관계를 분석하고자 했다. 이 연구를 위해서 필자는 여러 대형할인점 가운데에서, 이마트를 대상으로 선정했다. 이마트로 대표되는 대형할인점이 한국인의 식생활을 어떻게 바꾸어 놓았는가하는 점과 그것의 문화적 함의가 무엇인가를 밝혔다. 일상식의 변화를 함축하는 개념으로 이마트화라는 새로운 단어를 사용하였고, 그 개념을 문화적 혼성, 집단소비, 표준화와 항상성, 그리고 효율성의 가치 및 식단 결정권의 분산 등 다섯 가지로 정리하였다. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the changing pattern of Korean food ways and search for its cultural meanings. I have selected a mega-supermarket as my research site in order to closely understand the process of changes through the observation of shoppers' behavior and consciousness when they buy food. The reason why I study the food way through the process of purchasing everyday foodstuffs in a supermarket lies in that many Koreans increasingly do food shopping in the supermarket instead of traditional markets where they used to do. I point out that the shift of food purchasing pattern is closely related to that of food culture in Korea. The features of Korean food culture are delineated by analyzing the behaviors and consciousness of shoppers and the sale strategies of supermarket.I have chosen Emart, a Korean supermarket, as a representative store among the mega-supermarkets. The store stands in the forefront supermarket business in Korea. Drawing upon the George Richer's concept of MacDonalization, I also use the concept of Emartization in order to understand the paradigm of changes in Korean food culture. In sum, the Emartization of Korean food culture can be characterized as follows : first, the cultural hybridity is distinctively witnessed through the business of Emart. The customers are enjoying both the Western style of shopping and Korean traditional market atmosphere in the supermarket. Not only that but also they have a chance to select good food with creative ideas such as hot pepper sausages, pork cutlets covered by spinach sauce and so on. Those are special in Korean taste out of Western food. Second, customers collectively buy foodon the sale items. The big supermarkets often sell food to customers with a row price. It means that Korean food ways tend to be controlled by the shopkeepers. Third, the supermarket enhances the standardization of business which leads to distributing the same food to all the branches. If we go any Emart in Korea, we can get the same food regardless of areas. In addition, customers can enjoy buying fresh vegetables and fruits regardless of seasons. The development of agro-business makes it possible on the one hand. On the other hand, the food import also contributes to supply fresh food for shoppers. Fourth, shoppers tend to buy the half cooked food because they can save time and labor in cooking. Fifth, family members can help mother buy food when they are shopping together in the supermarket. In the mean time, every family picks his/her own favorite food. It results to keeping individuality in food ways on the same meal table.

아리랑, 김치 그리고 국가주의

함한희(Hahm, Han-Hee) 비교민속학회 2016 비교민속학 Vol.0 No.59

국내외에서 시행되는 무형문화유산의 보호 활동은 정치적 영역을 넘어서야하는 본래의 취지와는 다르게 국가중심주의로 흐르고 있다. 1980년대 이래 유네스코는 인류가 지켜온 문화를 보호하기 위해 국가 간의 협력을 강조하는 차원의 국제주의, 문화상대주의, 문화다양성과 정체성 중시의 원칙을 토대로 해서 협약을 만들었다. 최근에는 이 협약에 대한 성찰이 본격적으로 진행되면서 도전을 받고 있다. 본고에서는 이상적 문화보호운동의 강령인 협약이 확산되어 가는 과정에서 기대와는 다르게 국가주의도 확산되었다는 사실에 주목한다. 특히 인류무형문화유산 대표목록의 선정을 놓고 국가 간의 지나친 경쟁이 일어난다는 점을 비판적으로 검토한다. 남북한이 별도의 목록을 가지게 되면서 두 개의 다른 대표목록이 되어버린 아리랑과 김치의 사례를 든다. 이는 지금까지 다국가목록 등재를 권고해 온 유네스코 협약의 입장으로 보아도 이율배반적이다. 이 사건을 중심으로 남북한의 국내 보호정책에는 어떤 변화가 있었는지, 유네스코의 대표목록 중복등재 허용과 다국가등재 정책과는 어떻게 충돌하는것인지 등의 질문을 던져본다. 그리고 나서 두 가지 방향에서 답을 구하고자 한다. 첫째로는, 남북한 각각 국내 보호정책의 변화 양상을 살펴본다. 둘째로는, 국가중심주의가 최근 유네스코가 지향하고 있는 다국가등재 정책과 모순된다는 점을 중점적으로 다룬다. 이같이 비판적인 성찰을 하는 이유는 남북한이 앞으로 공동의 목록 발굴 및 보전 방안 마련을 위한 공조체제의 가능성을 타진하기 위함이다. 궁극적으로는 남북한이 공유하는 무형문화유산의 보호와 전승을 위한 자발적인 논의와 목록화 실천이 시급하다는 점을 일깨우고자 한다. The safeguarding movement of intangible cultural heritage (ICH) practiced both in national and international levels is expected to be non-political but challenged by the state-centered campaigns and strategies of each country. Since the 1980s, UNESCO has endeavored to establish the Convention whose spirit is developed on the basis of international cooperation, cultural relativism, cultural diversity and cultural identification. On the one hand, the value of the convention has been widely recognized by the member states, on the other hand, statism has also gained its power in domestic and international safeguarding activities. This paper critically discusses this issue. In particular, the UNESCO’s Representative Lists (RL) of ICH inscription process is getting more and more competitive among the member states. To earn more international reputation through the inscription of RL, South and North Koreas have respectively changed their existent legal systems into the ones oriented to the Convention. In these processes, the domestic safeguarding policies are screwed while UNESCO shows its ironic attitudes toward the selection process of Arirang and Kimchi- making of North Korea. More specifically, this paper will ask the following questions about how the domestic policies of the South and North have changed in order to inscribe the elements of Arirang and Kimchi-making, how UNESCO allows North Korea to be inscribed the two elements as RL, and how the latter contrasts with the policy of multinational ICH inscription which has been strongly encouraged by the Convention. To answer these questions, two ways of examination are sought. One is to explore each country’s domestic policies of ICH safeguarding which have recently established. The other is to study the state-centered competitive inscription process which seems to be contradictory with the encouraged principle of multinational lists by the Convention. The purpose of such a critical reflection between South and North Korea is to eventuate in building a cooperative system for the multinational inscription. In final, it is urgent for the two states to make a shared inventory of ICH in a cooperative way rather than leaning to the outside force.

전북대학교 고고문화인류학과의 인류학 개론 교육: 가상 체험을 통한 인류학 교육을 중심으로

함한희 ( Han Hee Hahm ) 한국문화인류학회 2010 韓國文化人類學 Vol.43 No.2

이 글의 목적은 지난 10년 동안 전북대학교 학생들과 함께 실험적으로 시도해 본 인류학 개론 교재 개발의 성과와 한계를 동시에 성찰하는 데 있다. 멀티미디어 교육환경을 이용해서 수강생들이 타 문화를 보다 가까이에서 이해할 수 있는 방법을 찾고자 하였다. 즉 디지털 세대에게 익숙한 실재(virtual) 체험을 인류학 교육에 접목시키고자 한 것이 이 교재 개발의 목적이었다. 초기 단계에서는 한 학기 강의 중 일부를 `현지의 가상 체험`이라는 타이틀을 달고 가족의 비교문화를 시도하였다. 이러한 시도는 좋았으나, 당시의 기술 수준이 초보적이어서 수강생들에게 가상 체험의 기회를 충분히 제공할 수 없었다. 부분적인 가상 체험으로부터 좀 더 다양한 주제를 다룰 수 있는 방법을 모색한 끝에 2001년부터는 현지조사와 인류학 교육을 접목해 보았다. 서해안에 위치한 한 어촌 마을의 생활과 어민들의 삶을 멀티미디어자료로 만들어서 수강생들이 직접 보고 듣고 느낄 수 있도록 했다. 그렇게 함으로써 그들에게 문화에 입문하는 기회를 제공하였다. 이 때 민족지 작업에 참여한 학생들은 많은 것을 배울 수 있었던 반면에 막상 수강생들의 호응은 적었다. 개발 의도가 제대로 전달되지는 못했기 때문이었다. 세 번째의 시도는 기존 인류학 개론에서 다루는 내용을 기능적으로 멀티미디어화하는 작업이었다. 교육적 효과가 떨어진다는 이유로 해서 가상 체험의 의지가 줄어든 데다 개발 비용 지원을 받기 위해서 평이한 방법을 택하였다. 이 교재는 2004년부터 2008년까지 비교적 오래 사용되었는데 이전 것보다는 체계적이었고, 수강생들에게 다양한 자료를 제공할 수 있다는 장점 때문이었다. 그러나 디지털강의의 어려움과 교육적 효과의 의구심 그리고 교재 개편의 필요성으로 인해서 2009년 이후부터는 이 교재를 강의에 사용하지 않고 있다. 웹 환경이 바뀌었고 수강생들의 웹 활동 패턴도 달라져서 멀티미디어를 이용한 인류학 교육은 다시 한 번 전환점이 마련되어야 한다는 생각이 든다. 새로운 차원의 문화 체험이 가능한 방향으로 인류학 교재가 개발되어야 할 때가 아닌가 한다. This paper demonstrates my experimental work in the preparation of teaching materials for the introduction course in anthropology during the past ten years. What I have endeavored is to search for an advanced teaching method and to extend anthropological knowledge by the use of various multimedia data. In the beginning I tried to combine computer technology with anthropological education to focus on the virtual experience of other cultures, which was designed to enhance a self-action mode of learning. In the first lecture notes created with this device I introduced a cross-cultural study of family. Two case studies were provided, one in Korea and the other in America, with the families` voices and pictures introduced to the students in my introduction class. The attempt was fine in terms of delivering a new method of teaching, but it was primitive in technical aspects. My feeling that the lecture note was unfinished made me take on the second challenge in 2001. At the time I was carrying out my fieldwork in the area of Seamangeum, where a massive development project had ruinous effects on the villagers` lives. I invited the students in class to visit the field location with the help of computer technology. However, it was not easy job for me to produce multimedia data out of field materials. Some graduate and undergraduates in the Department of Anthropology took part both in the fieldwork and the production of multimedia data. They thought the work was rewarding but my students in class did not show the same response. Yet, I was not discouraged by the lack of enthusiastic feedback from my students. I tried again to prepare the multimedia teaching materials. This time I used a regular textbook style and textbook format to organize the contents within it. The students seemed to be content with the plain introductory approach, so I used it for four years. I decided to stop using it in 2009. It must be revised in its content and form. It is time for me to consider an advanced method of teaching and learning anthropology, one suited to the fast growth of web community.

전라북도 무형문화유산의 목록화와 현황분석

함한희(Hahm, Han-Hee),정성미(Jeong, Seong-Mi) 실천민속학회 2013 실천민속학연구 Vol.22 No.-

최근 무형문화유산 보전에 대한 새로운 시각이 필요하다는 인식은 확산되고 있지만 무형문화유산의 개념, 정의, 범주 등 인식론적 기반과 현황에 대한 분석이 부족하다는 문제의식을 가지고 본 연구를 시작했다. 본고는 최근에 온라인전수조사를 통해서 수집된 전라북도의 무형문화유산목록 자료를 이용해서 구체적인 자료를 제공받으면서 현황을 분석한 내용이 골자이다. 우선적으로 필자들은 무형문화유산의 개념과 정의 그리고 범주에 대해서 기존연구를 참고로 현재의 무형문화재의 개념과 범주를 비교해서 정리했다. 두 번째로는 무형문화유산 온라인전수조사가 시작된 배경과 과정을 간략히 설명했다. 새롭게 구축된 무형문화유산 목록 DB와 지식관리를 위해서 구축된 ICHPEDIA를 소개하면서 아울러 장단점을 분석해 보았다. 본론에서는 2010년도 하반기에 전라북도를 시범지역으로 해서 조사한 결과를 가지고 만든 목록의 현황을 세 단계로 나누어서 분석했다. 첫 번째 단계는 이 지역에서 수집된 무형문화유산 자료의 목록화 과정에 초점을 두고 목록의 내용구성과 방향성에 대해서 설명하였다. 두 번째와 세 번째 단계에서는 전라북도 무형문화유산의 종목별, 지역별 특징에 대해서 분석한 후 마지막으로 무형문화유산 목록작성의 문제점과 향후 방향에 대해서 언급하였다. Recently, an awareness of the safeguarding of the intangible cultural heritage(ICH hereafter) supported by a new perspective is spread but the epistemological base such as its concept, definition and categorization and the analysis of the current situations are short of in the area of ICH. The predicament has led us to this study. The source materials of our study are drawn from the list of Jeolla-bukto ICH in the ICHPEDIA, an outcome of On-line Complete Survey done during the later period of 2010. The source materials are extensively used as the object of analysis. What we have done is, firstly, to clarify the concept, definition and categorization of ICH with the aid of existing studies of the Intangible Cultural Property (ICP) and to compare between ICH and ICP. Secondly, the background of the establishment of the On-line survey of ICH and its process are briefly explained. The newly constructed ICH list DB and ICHPEDIA which were established for the purpose of knowledge management regarding ICH are introduced. In addition, the strength and weakness of ICHPEDIA are delineated. The main chapter of this paper consists of the three parts. The first part is to explain the process of making list of the region’s ICH survey data collected during the second half of the year of 2010, As the next and third steps, the characteristics of Jeolla-bukto ICH are analyzed by its categories and geographical units respectively. Finally, the current issues regarding ICH inventory and its future direction are discussed.

생태계의 위기와 여성어민들

함한희(Han-Hee Hahm) 한국환경사회학회 2004 환경사회학연구 ECO Vol.7 No.-

본고에서는 새만금사업이 해당지역의 여성어민들에게 어떠한 영향을 주었는지에 주목하면서 이들의 의식과 활동에서 나타나는 변화를 분석했다. 해양생태계가 급격하게 변화하면서 어민들의 생업활동이 총체적으로 위기를 맞자, 이 위기 속에서 여성 어민들은 갯벌과 자신들의 어업활동의 중요성을 인식했다. 생태계의 위기가 오히려 여성들을 행동하도록 만들었고, 개별적인 경제활동을 통해서 스스로 자신감을 갖게 되었다. 특히 가족의 생계를 책임진다는 의식이 여성들의 힘을 기르게 했다. 본고에서는 여성어민들의 이러한 임파워먼트 과정을 세 가지 차원-개인, 가족, 그리고 지역-에서 살펴보았다. 첫째, 개인적 차원에서 여성어민들이 환경과 생업의 중요성을 재인식하면서 생계활동의 위기, 생존권의 위협 등 위기에 맞서면서 에코페미니스트의 입장을 취하기도 한다. 둘째, 가족의 차원에서 여성들이 실제적인 주소득자로 가정경제를 이끌어왔다는 점을 지적했다. 셋째, 지역의 차원에서 여성들의 활동을 보면 협업과 분업을 통해서 공동체를 이끄는 데 큰 몫을 해왔다. 또 여성어민들은 지역 내 다른 어떤 집단들보다 적극적으로 새만금사업 반대운동에 앞장서왔다. 이러한 사실은 여성 어민들의 정치적 의식과 활동의 성장을 말해주는 것이다. 그러나 이러한 여성들의 개별적·집단적 임파워먼트는 개인과 집단의 변화를 가져온 것은 분명하지만, 그렇다고 해서 국가의 법이나 정책 등 공권력을 뛰어넘을 수는 없다. 사회구조와 문화적인 제약으로 말미암아 여성어민들의 임파워먼트는 성장하지 못한 채 위축되어가고 있다. This study investigates the way in which marginalized women in Korean fishing villages have changed their individual consciousness as well as their ability to work collectively, which has empowered them to bring about change. The concept of empowerment is used for alternative bottom-up approaches to the top-down approaches in development. It is also closely related to the feminist perspectives in that local women's consciousness and behaviors on the individual and collective levels are concerned.<br/> In the case of the Saemangum Project, local people were totally excluded from the initiation of this national development project. The local people living in the afflicted area remained passive recipients of recompensation from government. As the ecological deterioration continued, they realized that they were victims of the reclamation project. Village women, among others, who had been working in the tidal flats, strongly oppose the reclamation project. Their attitude is strong and distinctive while the attitude of the village men tends to be ambiguous on the issue of development. The women's attitude and behavior are related to economic and cultural factors. The tidal flats are their only source of livelihood. The tideland also provides them with equal opportunity in terms of their jobs and related activities. While they are catching clams and earning money, they are guaranteeing themselves their roles as primary income earners and important contributors to the household.<br/> The local women had long been marginalized at home and in the village. However, recent ecological changes have made women stronger and braver. Their past and recent experiences tell them to go forth in the opposition of the Saemangum reclamation project. On the other hand, they realize the limits of their collective power for preserving the tideland and other ecosystems. Day by day the varietyand number of marine resources continue to decrease in this region. The national development policy still neglects the villagers' social suffering and their outcries. Under this stress, local women in the Saemangum region continue to catch clams in tidelands. This has been a brief analysis of the way in which local women have achieved their conscientization and economic abilities. On the basis of individual empowerment, local women, once marginalized at home and in the village, could achieve their roles as principal income earners in the family and participate in political movements on the regional and national level. Notwithstanding the increase in their economic and political participation, it is important to note that the enforcement of national policies and cultural constraints may continue to damper the process of women's empowerment at the local level.<br/> The women presently live in the afflicted area within the national reclamation project. Since the start of construction of sea walls for reclamation, the ecosystem of the area has greatly changed. The way of life for these men and women of the fishing villages has been endangered. Upon the ecological crisis, women in this area have shown vigor in economic activities but restraint in anti-reclamation movements against government. In studying the process of women's empowerment, I have focused on the three levels of analysis: individual, family and national. First, on an individual level, women are aware of the significance of the environment and the fishery. Second, on a familial level, women vigorously participate in economic activities by working in the tidal flats. They have become the principal wage earners of their households. Third, on a national level, women have joined the collective movements for environment protection and anti-reclamation. I have analyzed the processes and results of women's empowerment focusing on not only their individual perspectives and economic activities but also their collective political activities.

연구논문 : 식민지 경관의 형성과 그 사회문화적 의미: 전라북도 화호리를 중심으로

함한희 ( Han Hee Hahm ),박진영 ( Jin Young Park ),조성실 ( Sung Sil Cho ),문예은 ( Ye Un Moon ) 한국문화인류학회 2010 韓國文化人類學 Vol.43 No.1

전라북도 정읍에 위치한 화호리에는 구마모토농장 사무실을 비롯해서 관리인사택, 창고, 합숙소 등의 건물과 일본인 가옥들이 많이 남아 있다. 본 논문에서는 이 마을을 대상으로 식민 경관의 역사적 형성 과정과 그 사회문화적 영향을 분석해 보았다. 본 연구에서 다룬 구체적인 내용을 간추려 보면 다음과 같다. 첫째는 일본인 거류민촌의 형성과 그 배경이 되는 사회경제적인 변화에 대해서 알아보았다. 둘째는 당시에 형성된 식민지 경관의 특성을 살피면서 민족에 따른 이중 구조가 만들어졌다는 점에 주목하였다. 셋째는 일본 거류민촌의 다양한 계층 구조를 분석해 보았다. 넷째로는 일상생활의 변화 속에서 마을 주민들이 경험한 식민지 근대성에 대해서도 잠시 살펴보았다. 일본인들의 생활공간이 형성되면서 각종 상점 및 교육기관이 생겨났고, 이들을 통해서 마을 주민들은 근대적 상품의 유통과 소비, 신기술의 도입과 적용, 근대교육의 난점과 열망을 동시에 경험할 수 있었다. 즉, 일본 거류민촌에 거주하던 일본인들과의 상호교류를 통해서 당시의 마을 주민들은 식민주의와 근대를 동시에 경험하게 되었다. 결국 이들의 대응방식과 인식체계에 일어난 변화가 식민지 근대성의 실체라는 점을 밝히고자 했다. This paper reports on our investigation of how Japanese colonialists established agricultural farms, residential and commercial areas, educational, medical and religious institutes when they moved to Korea in the early 20th century. For this study, two research sites were selected: the village of Hwaho and the town of Sintaein located in Jeolla Bukto. Both of these fieldwork locations were witnesses to vigorous activities of large-scale Japanese landlords and prosperous businessmen. Previous studies have dealt at length with how Japanese landlords and farm companies exploited Korean peasants these studies have emphasized the ruthlessness of Japanese colonialism as its economic and political power expanded all over the Korean peninsula. However, these prior studies did not pay attention to the fact that there existed dynamic relationships among the groups differentiated by ethnicity, economic class, and social status, relationships that were experienced on a daily basis. We focus on the formation of a colonial landscape in which Japanese built farms, houses, roads, dams, train stations and other infrastructure in the Hwaho area. Many villagers were victimized by the process, but some were able to experience the advantages of it. In the name of modernization and economic development, the colonialists brought new ideas, values and world views to Korea. Many villagers struggled to keep their own traditions, while some swiftly accepted the new ones. The cultural domination was slowly reified by the changes of landscape. Our analysis of the colonial landscape thus shows us varied aspects of colonial domination and its cultural meanings.

새만금간척개발사업과 어민문화의 변화

함한희 ( Han Hee Hahm ) 한국문화인류학회 2004 韓國文化人類學 Vol.37 No.1

조선말 · 일제시대 궁삼면농민의 (宮三面農民) 사회경제적 지위와 그 변화

함한희 ( Han Hee Hahm ) 일지사 1992 韓國學報 Vol.18 No.1