폴리에틸렌 왁스의 산화변성에 관한 연구

최병렬,박양준 ( Byung Ryul Choi,Yang Jun Park ) 한국공업화학회 1997 공업화학 Vol.8 No.5

산화형 폴리에틸렌 왁스 제조에 있어서 주요 반응인자인 사용 왁스의 물성, 산화시간, 산화온도, 공기의 주입량 등에 따른 산가의 변화와 산화에 따른 폴리머의 물성를 분석하였다. 실험결과 주어진 반응조건 하에서 산화온도에 대한 산가의 변화는 160℃까지는 증가하였지만 170℃에서는 오히려 산가가 감소하는 경향을 보였고, 공기 주입량에 비례하여 산가는 증가하였다. 또한 사용한 왁스의 분자량이 낮을수록 산가가 높았다. 분자량과 밀도차가 공존하는 시료의 산화반응에서는 가지의 길이, 수 등에 의한 밀도보다는 분자량에 의한 영향이 큰것으로 생각되었다. 산화가 진행됨에 따라 분자량은 감소하고 분자량 분포는 넓어짐을 알 수 있었다. 온화한 조건 하에서 고산가를 얻기 위하여 자유라디칼 개시제를 촉매로 사용하였는데 같은 조건 하에서 무촉매인 경우에 비하여 고산가의 산화형 왁스를 얻을 수 있었다. 또한 DCPO(dicumylperoxide), HOPO(t-butyl peroxy 2-ethyl hexanoate), BPO(butylperoxide) 순으로 반감기가 긴 촉매가 효율적이었다. In oxidized polyethylene wax preparation, the effects of main parameters such as the property of used wax, oxidation time, oxidation temperature, air feed rates on the change of acid-numbers were investigated. The change in polymer property was also investigated. The results showed under given reaction conditions, the acid numbers with oxidation temperature increased upto 160℃, but at higher temperature, it decreased. The base resin which was lower molecular weight had higher acid number. The result showed molecular weight as a experimental parameter was more effective than density in oxidation experiment. In milder condition, free radical initiator was used for catalyst to get higher acid-numbers, which was successful in comparison to the non-catalyst system. Also the catalyst with longer half-life was efficient, in order of DCPO, HOPO and BPO.

흡즙성 및 저작성 해충과 거미류에 대한 imidacloprid의 살충효과

최병렬(Byung-Ryul Choi),이시우(Si-Woo Lee),송유한(Yoo-Han Song),유재기(Jai-Ki Yoo) 한국농약과학회 1999 농약과학회지 Vol.3 No.3

균일계 티타늄 촉매에 의한 폴리에틸렌 왁스의 제조

최병렬 ( Byung Ryul Choi ) 한국공업화학회 1997 공업화학 Vol.8 No.5

균일계 티타늄 촉매를 이용한 결정성 폴리에틸렌 왁스의 중합에서 중합온도, 중합 시간, 공촉매, 수소분압, 공단량체 등의 중합인자가 촉매성능과 폴리에틸렌 왁스의 물성(분자량, 분자량 분포, 밀도, 결정화도 등)에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. (C₂H_5)₃Al, (i-C₄H_9)₃Al, (C₂H_5)₂AlCl, (C₂H_5)₃Al₂Cl₃을 사용하여 공촉매의 영향을 조사한 결과 (C₂H_5)₃Al/(C₂H_5)₃Al₂Cl₃의 혼합 공촉매계가 가장 효과적이었다. 중합시간, 중합온도, 수소분압은 촉매의 활성과 생성 폴리에틸렌 왁스의 물성에 영향을 주고, 이러한 중합인자의 조합에 의해 다양한 물성을 갖는 결정성 폴리에틸렌 왁스를 얻을 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 부텐-1과의 공중합에 의해 0.91g/cc까지의 저밀도형 왁스를 얻을 수 있었다. In the polymerization of ethylene to produce crystalline polyethylene wax using the homogeneous titanium-based catalyst, the effects of various parameters such as cocatalyst, temperature, pressure, comonomer and time on the performance of catalyst and the properties of polyethylene wax were investigated. The properties of polyethylene wax obtained were characterized in terms of molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, crystallinity, density and morphology. Among the polymerization features with a series of mixed cocatalyst systems of (C₂H_5)₃Al, (i-C₄H_9)₃Al, (C₂H_5)₂AlCl and (C₂H_5)₃Al₂Cl₃, it turned out that the combination of (C₂H_5)Al and (C₂H_5)₃Al₂Cl₃ was more effective than any other combination. It was noted that the activity of catalyst and the properties of polyethylene wax were affected by the polymerization parameters, i.e. time, temperature and hydrogen partial pressure. The various kinds of crystalline polyethylene wax could be obtained by careful control of these parameters. Also we could obtain low density polyethylene wax which has density down to 0.91 g/cc by use of 1-butene as a comonomer.

Imidacloprid의 아치사량이 벼멸구(Nilaparvata lugens Stål)의 생물적 특성에 미치는 영향

최병렬(Byung-Ryul Choi),이시우(Si-Woo Lee),송유한(Yoo-Han Song),한만종(Man-Jong Han),유재기(Jai-Ki Yoo) 한국농약과학회 2000 농약과학회지 Vol.4 No.2

고밀도 폴리에틸렌 공정 부산물 왁스의 Maleation 연구

최병렬(Byung Ryul Choi),김휘찬(Hui Chan Kim) 한국고분자학회 1998 폴리머 Vol.22 No.1

본답 초기해충의 생력방제를 위한 imidacloprid의 종자분의 효과

최병렬(Byung-Ryul Choi),유재기(Jae-Ki Yoo),이상계(Sang-Guei Lee),이정운(Jeong-Oon Lee) 한국농약과학회 1998 농약과학회지 Vol.2 No.1

상황(桑黃)버섯의 면역증진(免疫增進)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)

임의수,최병렬,유화승,이용연,서상훈,조정효,이연월,손창규,조종관,이용구,송기철,Lim, Eui-Su,Choi, Byung-Ryul,Yoo, Hwa-Seung,Lee, Yong-Yeon,Seo, Sang-Hoon,Cho, Jung-Hyo,Lee, Yeon-Weol,Son, Chang-Kyu,Cho, Chong-Kwan,Lee, Yong-Gu,Song, Kee 대한암한의학회 2002 大韓癌韓醫學會誌 Vol.8 No.1

Objectives This experimental study was carried out to evaluate the effects of Phellinus Linteus on immune activation. Methods In order to investigate the effect of Phellinus Linteus, the following was performed: The fraction of $CD4^+$, $CD8^+$, $CD19^+$ in splenic cell, gene expression of IL-12 (p35), IL-12 (p40) , $IFN-{\gamma}$, and splenic cell proliferation by PL-E. Results PL-E helped $CD4^+$, $CD8^+$, $CD19^+$ expression more effectively compared with control group. PL-E helped IL-12 (p35), IL-12 (p40), $IFN-{\gamma}$ gene expression in splenic cells more effectively compared with control group. PL-E proliferated splenic cells more effectively compared with control group. Conclusions: It is suggested that PL-E is able to activate immune response system.

유 성분 분석을 통한 젖소 영양상태 및 개체관리에 관한 연구

이성모,김동원,최병렬,서강문,홍종해,Lee, Sung-mo,Kim, Dong-won,Choi, Byung-ryul,Seo, Kang-moon,Hong, Chong-hae 대한수의학회 2001 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.41 No.2

Milk constituents and somatic cell count (SCC) were analysed for 4,059 milk samples from 178 dairy farms from April to December in 1999. Correlations among each milk constituents, milk urea (MU) concentration and SCC in association with lactation stage, milk yield and parity, and balancing status of nutrients' supplies were analysed, and the results are summarized as follows; Averages of milk fat percent, total solids percent and milk yield were $3.72{\pm}0.91%$, $12.50{\pm}1.31%$ and $23.80{\pm}8.54kg$, respectively, whereas those were significantly lower during the summer season. In contrast, average of MU concentration was $0.0361{\pm}0.0006%$ which was significantly higher during the summer season. With milk yield, concentrations of fat, protein and SCC in milk decreased but concentrations of lactose and urea in milk and body condition score (BCS) were not altered. Concentrations of fat, protein, lactose, total solids, SNF, and urea in milk were significantly affected by stage of lactation ($P{\leq}0.0001$) but SCC was not changed. Parity of dairy cows had a significant effect on concentrations of fat ($P{\leq}0.02$), lactose ($P{\leq}0.0001$), total solids ($P{\leq}0.002$), and SNF ($P{\leq}0.0001$) in milk and milk yield ($P{\leq}0.0005$) but did not change concentrations of urea and protein in milk. Somatic cell count had significant positive correlationship with percentages of fat, protein and total solids ($P{\leq}0.0001$), respectively, but had negative correlationship with percentages of urea and lactose in milk and milk yield ($P{\leq}0.0001$). Milk urea concentration was negatively correlated with concentrations of protein, fat, total solids, and SNF in milk and milk yield ($P{\leq}0.0001$) and, according to regression analysis using milk urea concentration and SCC, following equation was obtained; $Y(MU)=3.688{\times}10^{-2}-4.04{\times}10^{-7}{\times}X(SCC{\times}1,000)(r^2=0.0038$, $P{\leq}0.0001$). We studied balance between protein and energy supplies to dairy cows in each farm based upon milk urea and protein concentrations, and results showed that 137 of total 178 farms fed cows unbalanced amounts of dietary protein and energy.

폴리에틸렌 / 육티탄산칼륨 휘스커 복합재료에 의한 축전지격리막의 제조에 관한 연구

이완진,고만석,최병렬,조일훈 ( Wan Jin Lee,Man Seok Ko,Byung Ryul Choi,Il Hoon Cho ) 한국공업화학회 1998 공업화학 Vol.9 No.2

초고분자량폴리에틸렌(UHMWPE), 고밀도폴리에틸렌(HDPE), process oil(mineral oil) 및 육티탄산칼륨 섬유로 구성되는 입자혼합물을 150℃에서 30분 동안 용융 혼합하고, 동일온도 및 5000 psi의 조건으로 압축성형을 하여 200㎛ 두께의 격리막 시험편을 제조한 후, process oil을 유기용매로 추출하여 PE층 사이에 미세공을 형성시켰다. 본 실험에서 시험편은 고분자와 process oil의 비율(PR)이 0.1 이하에서는 고무상이 되고 0.5 이상에서는 gel상으로 변하기 때문에, PR의 범위를 0.1-0.5 사이로 하였다. 시험편은 비극성 유기용매로 추출한 경우거의 98%의 process oil이 추출되었으며, PR이 증가함에 따라 무게감소율은 감소하였다. 인장강도는 PR이 0.426인 경우 31kg/㎠을 보였으며, 전해전기저항 값은 PR이 0.186 및 0.426에서 37 mΩ/㎠과 53 mΩ/㎠ 이었다. 질소 흡-탈착법에 의한 등온선은 모세관 응축영역을 나타내는 hysteresis를 가졌으며, PR=0.186인 경우 130 ㎡/g의 비교적 큰 표면적을 나타내었다. 이는 SEM의 분석 결과와 마찬가지로 PE배향층 사이에 육티탄산칼륨 섬유가 무작위로 잘 분산되었음을 보여주는 결과이며, host인 PE층 사이에 guest인 육티탄산칼륨 섬유가 층간되어 층상공을 형성한다고 추론할 수 있다. The mixtures of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), high density polyethylene (HDPE), process oil (mineral oil) and potassium hexatitanate whisker were melted and mixed at 150℃ for 30 min, and prepared by compression molding to the specimen of separator of about 200㎛ thickness at the same temperature and 5000 psi. Thereafter the pores were formed by extracting process oil with organic solvents. In this study, the range of PR (the ratio polymer to process oil) was varied from 0.1 to 0.5 because the specimen turned into rubbery phase at which PR was below 0.1 whereas it changed into gel phase at which PR was above 0.5. When the specimen was treated with nonpolar organic solvents, process oil was extracted nearly 98%. Tensile strengh was 31 kg/㎠ at PR = 0.426, and resistance of specimen was 37 mΩ/㎠ at PR = 0.186, and 53 mΩ/㎠ at PR = 0.426. The N₂adsorption-desorption isotherm showed a hysteresis representing regions of capillary condensation, and the surface area at PR = 0.186 was relatively large as 130 ㎠/g. Potassium hexatitanate whisker was randomly dispersed in between PE layers. It might be that the whisker is intercalated through the PE thin layers oriented by compression.

억간산(抑肝散) 가미방(加味方)으로 증상 호전 보인 진전 환자 1례에 대한 증례 보고

임승민,안정조,최병렬,송기철,김만호,김윤식,설인찬,Lim Seong-Min,An Joung-Jo,Choi Byung-Ryul,Song Gi-Chul,Kim Man-Ho,Kim Yun-Sik,Seol In-Chan 대한한방내과학회 2003 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.24 No.4

Tremor is a rhythmic and involuntary muscular contraction characterized by oscillations of body parts. Tremor often accompanies neurological disorders associated with aging. Although the disorder is not life-threatening, it can be responsible for functional disability and interpersonal relationship problems. We have recently examined a number of tremor-patients. one of them was improved significantly through the herbal medicine (Yeokgansan-gamibang) and acupuncture, so we report it for the better treatment.