논항구조기반 수동구문 분석

정재창 ( Jung Jae-chang ) 대한영어영문학회 2013 영어영문학연구 Vol.39 No.2

The purpose of this paper is to explain passive constructions based on ARG-ST(Argument Structure) in HPSG. Passive Lexical Rule that was set up to deal with passive constructions in Pollard & Sag(1994) was not sufficient to explain passive constructions. This paper accepted nested ARG-ST by Manning and Sag(1998) and the revised control theory suggested by Asudeh(1998). The analysis of passive constructions with ARG-ST made it possible to solve complicated sentences in which there came out passive constructions and control constructions simultaneously. However, There existed PRO in the derivational type that Manning and Sag(1998) gave as the "universal characterization" of passive. Therefore, we eventually adapted a slightly different ARG-ST that PRO could be replaced with the content object which was structure shared with a member of the non-embedded ARG-ST. This paper regarded by-phrase as an adjunct phrase. Also, in order to incorporate pseudo-passive construction, SLASH representing a gap was used to connect with the value of LOC(CAL) which could be understood as the object of preposition. (Chonnam National University)

『천로역정』에 나타난 구원의 과정

정재창 ( Jae Chang Jung ) 21세기영어영문학회 2009 영어영문학21 Vol.22 No.2

영어영문학21제26권 2호 : 핵어문법의 준동사구문 분석

정재창 ( Jae Chang Jung ) 21세기영어영문학회 2013 영어영문학21 Vol.26 No.2

The purpose of this paper is to explain verbid constructions which represent the characteristics of mixed categories in HPSG. This paper will deal with gerund constructions and participial constructions. Mixed category constructions involve lexical items which seem to belong to more than one category and so pose a problem for the standard view of syntactic categories. Both gerunds and participles carry hybrid characteristics in the sense of part of speech. For example, the verbal participle in Drinking coffee, she read Harry Potter has some internal property of a VP but the external distribution of an adverbial phrase. Participle drinking combines with direct object and forms an adjunct. Gerunds can function as a noun in a sentence and function as a verb in another sentence. Participles can function as an adjective or a verb in a given sentence. And when participle constructions which form subordinate phrases modify the main clauses, they become adverbial phrases. In those cases, participles function as verbs while forming adverbial modifiers. An HPSG analysis of English verbid constructions based on a more fine-grained theory of syntactic category presented another possibility. HPSG decomposes the linguistic elements that form a sentence into some features, and composes them from multi-dimensions. Therefore it was suitable to capture the hybrid characteristics which worked in the sentence constructions. Robert Malouf (1997) showed an analysis of the gerund constructions. Bouma, Malouf, and Sag (1998) suggested a constraint of adjuncts which is essential to analyze participle constructions. And this paper also presented an analysis of participle constructions, not breaking HPSG mechanism.

결속이론의 비형상적 분석

정재창 ( Jung Jae-chang ) 대한영어영문학회 2005 영어영문학연구 Vol.31 No.4

The purpose of this paper is to explain binding theory under the non-configurational notion. GB binding theory is based on the configurational notion of c-command. This paper presents an alternative binding theory that is not based on c-command, but rather on the relative obliqueness of grammatical relations. We examined a wide range of English data that were based on GB binding theory to compare with the binding theory based on non-configurational notion. And we presented an alternative binding theory that was based on the relative obliqueness of arguments under the frame of HPSG. Finally HPSG binding theory could solve the crucial data, making use of non-configurational notion. (Seonam University)

부가어구문 분석

정재창 ( Jung Jae-chang ),김천갑 ( Kim Chun-gab ) 대한영어영문학회 2002 영어영문학연구 Vol.28 No.3

The purpose of this paper is to present constraints on English pre-verbal adjuncts. HPSG assumes that the mapping between argument structure and valence is defined by realization constraints which are satisfied by all lexical heads. To analyze participial constructions which are one type of adjuncts, this paper makes use of the association between argument structure and dependents of lexical heads. Bouma, Gosse, Rob Malouf, and Ivan A. Sag (2001) suggested Argument Structure Extension to present a unified feature-based theory of complement, adjunct, and subject extraction. However, the constraints suggested by above mentioned authors are not proper to explain pre-verbal adjuncts. Therefore this paper suggests Revised Argument Structure Extension for the analysis of pre-verbal adjuncts. Based on Revised Argument Structure Extension, pre-verbal Adjunct structures which modify main clauses can be associated with the main clauses. Furthermore, with recent developments in HPSG, ARG-ST and passive verb lexeme, Revised Argument Structure Extension makes it possible to analyze participial constructions which contain binding relation, passive construction. < Seonam University >

Comparison of Effects between Alteplase and Pamiteplase on MMPs Regulation

정재창,이선령,Jung, Jae-Chang,Lee, Sun-Ryung Korean Society of Life Science 2007 생명과학회지 Vol.17 No.7

Thrombolytic therapy with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) can improve the clinical outcome of ischemic stroke patients. However, its clinical application is limited by narrow therapeutic time windows and elevated risks of cerebral hemorrhage and brain injury. In part, these effects of tPA has been related to matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) dysregulation. Here, we investigate that the effects of alteplase (tPA with short half-life) and pamiteplase (a modified tPA with long half-life) on the MMP-9 regulation in neurovascualr unit. The total levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in neuronal cells are lower than astrocytes. Alteplase (1-10 ${\mu}g/ml$) induced upregulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in rat cortical neurons and astrocytes, respectively. Whereas pamiteplase in a wide range of dose did not affect the MMP-2 and MMP-9 responses in both of cells. These results suggest that pamiteplase with long half-life can be provided as a agent that overcome the side effects of alteplase. 뇌졸중 환자에 사용되는 tPA치료법은 혈전을 용해시키고 혈액의 흐름을 용이하게 해 주기 때문에 매우 중요하게 사용되고 있다. 동물 실험모델을 이용한 이전의 실험결과에 따르면 tPA뿐 아니라 tPA의 일종인 pamite-plase 역시 30분 이내 탁월한 혈전 용해의 효과를 보여주었다. 그러나 fPA치료법은 단시간 처리와 출혈, 부종과 같은 여러 가지 부작용이 수반될 수 있으며 이들은 MMP-9의 활성 조절과 깊은 관련이 있는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 임상에 사용되는 tPA의 한 종류인 alteplase와 이러한 부정적인 효과를 극복하기 위해 개발된 pamiteplase의 MMP-9활성에 미치는 효과를 비교 분석하였다. 랫트의 뇌로부터 추출한 신경세포에서 alteplase의 처리는 농도의존적으로 MMP-9의 발현을 촉진시켰고 활성화된 형태의 MMP-2역시 증가되는 양상을 보였다. 반면, pamiteplase의 경우 MMP-2와 MMP-9의 발현양상에 영항을 미치지 않았다. 유사한 효과는 뇌신경계를 구성하는 다른 세포인 성상세포에서도 관찰되었다. 즉 대뇌의 성상세포를 분리, 배양하여 이들의 효과를 확인한 결과 신경세포에서와 마찬가지로 alteplase의 경우 농도의존적으로 증가하였고 pamiteplasse의 경우 변화를 나타내지 않았다. Pamiteplase는 뇌신경구성세포에서 출혈과 부종을 유도하는 데 관련이 있는 것으로 보고된 MMP-9의 활성에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 보아 alteplase에 비해 보다 효과적인 치료제로서의 가능성을 보여주고 있다.

Polyester Elastomer / PMMA 블렌드의 물성

황석호(Seok Ho Hwang),정재창(Jae Chang Jung),이영철(Young Chul Lee),이상원(Sang Won Lee),임일웅(Il Woong Lim) 한국고분자학회 1998 폴리머 Vol.22 No.4

연구논문 : 의약화학 ; MAP kinase 활성화와 액틴 환 형성을 통하여 RANKL 유도된 파골세포 분화와 기능을 억제하는 엘라지탄닌, 후로신

박의균 ( Eui Kyun Park ),김명선 ( Myung Sunny Kim ),이승호 ( Seung Ho Lee ),김경희 ( Kyung Hee Kim ),박주영 ( Ju Young Park ),김태호 ( Tae Ho Kim ),이인선 ( In Seon Lee ),우제태 ( Je Tae Woo ),정재창 ( Jae Chang Jung ),신홍인 ( Ho 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2005 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.15 No.-

강압어휘규칙을 배제한 영어 통제구문 분석

정재창 대한언어학회 2001 언어학 Vol.9 No.2

The purpose of this paper is to explain control theory without Coercion Lesical Rule that was set up to deal with control construcGCns with "be allowed to structure, Pc1Lasd & Sag(1994) insisted tthat such unsatuated phrases as "to ke allowed to complements require coerced Laterpretaticns when they cccuued as cc[gdements c contLL e,p esstons, Hcwever, it can make CoeLcLon LScal Rate unnecessary Lo utilise dre passive lexeme structure in the interpretation of "to be allowed t' complements and to accept the revised control theory suggsted by Asudeh(1988) , Rhnning and Sag(1997, 1999) explained binding theory with ARGST(A[gument Structue), The analysts c conkd construction with ARG-ST will make, it possible to solve an entangled sentence Ln whLch the cane cut biding [eLabLoq passive cmstructicn, and control ccnshuctLm in one sentence.

Comparison of Some Properties of Mouse Liver and Kidney Alkaline Phosphatase

Kang, Shin-Sung,Jung, Jae-Chang 慶北大學校 1986 論文集 Vol.41 No.-

마우스의 腎臟과 肝 組織으로부터 alkaline phosphatase를 部分精製하여, 몇가지 酵素的 特性을 比較한 바 다음과 같은 結果를 얻었다. 腎臟 ALP는 2종류, 肝 ALP는 단일 분자종으로 이루어져 있으며, 腎臟 ALP가 肝 ALP에 비해 分子의 크기가 큼을 알았다. Alkaline acrylamide gel과 SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis에서 肝 ALP가 腎臟 ALP에 비해 전기영동 속도가 매우 빨랐으므로 이 두가지 isozyme의 化學的 組成과 分子의 크기가 다름을 암시한다 보겠다. 腎臟과 肝 ALP의 最適 pH는 모두 9.6∼10.0이었고, 熱 安定性도 두 酵素가 類似하였다. 두 酵素에 대해 Mg^2+은 activator로, Co^2+, Zn^2+ 및 Cu^2+은 inhibitor로 作用하였으며, 그 作用效果에 약간 차이는 있으나 거의 類似하였다. 두 酵素에 대해 phosphate 이온은 경쟁적 沮害劑로 作用하였고, 沮害效果는 腎臟효소가 肝酵素에 비해 약간 컸다. L-phenylalanine과 L-homoarginine이 肝 酵素에 대해 uncompetitive 沮害作用을 보였으나 이들 아미노산에 의한 腎臟 ALP에 대한 沮害作用은 決定할 수 없었다. Alkaline phosphatases were partially purified from the liver and kidney tissues of ICR mouse, and their molecular and kinetic properties were compared. The electrophoretic mobility of kidney alkaline phosphatase was very much slower than that of liver alkaline phosphatase both on alkaline and SDS-polyacrylamide gels, which suggests that the chemical composition and moleccular size are different between the two enzymes. The pH optimum and thermostability of the two enzymes were found to be similar, and the effects by some divalent cations on both enzymes were also similar. The liver enzyme was competitively inhibited by phosphate ion, but was uncompetitively inhibited by L-phenylalanine and L-homoarginine. The phosphate ion also inhibited the kidney enzyme competitively, however, the effects by the above L-amino acids on kidney enzyme could not be determined.