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표면처리한 Terapod ZnO whisker (TZnO-W)를 이용한 Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/STZnO-W 복합 필름 제조 및 특성 분석
이소니,김도완,서종 한국공업화학회 2014 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2014 No.1
폴리비닐알코올(Polyvinyl alcohol; PVA)은 친수성과 강한 수소결합을 갖고 있으며 산소차단특성, 기계적 강도 및 내마모성이 우수하다는 장점이 있다. 하지만 수분의 영향에 따라 물리적, 화학적 특성이 달라져 단독으로 사용하지 못하고 PP, PE, EVOH등과 함께 다층필름의 형태로 널리 사용되어왔다. 본 연구에서는 PVA의 수분에 대한 영향을 최소화 하기 위하여 소수성의 표면 특성을 가진 Tetrapod 형태의 ZnO (TZnO-W)를 도입하였다. 또한, PVA와 혼화성 및 분산성 향상을 위하여 실란계 커플링제를 이용하여 TZnO-W의 표면을 처리한 다음, 표면 처리한 TZnO-W (STZnO-W)의 함량에 PVA/STZnO-W 복합필름을 제조하였다. 제조한 복합필름의 물성분석을 위해 FTIR, SEM, WAXD, TGA, DSC, OTR, Contact angle, Water-resistant Pressure, Antimicrobial properties에 대한 분석을 실시하였다.
MIGUEL MICHELLE,MAMUAD LOVELIA,소니라모스,Ku Min Jung,정창대,김선호,조용일,이상석 아세아·태평양축산학회 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.4
Objective: This study aimed to determine the effects of different roughages in total mixed ration (TMR) inoculated with or without coculture of Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) and Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) on in vitro rumen fermentation and microbial population. Methods: Three TMRs formulations composed of different forages were used and each TMR was grouped into two treatments: non-fermented TMR and fermented TMR (F-TMR) (inoculated with coculture of L. acidophilus and B. subtilis). After fermentation, the fermentation, chemical and microbial profile of the TMRs were determined. The treatments were used for in vitro rumen fermentation to determine total gas production, pH, ammonianitrogen (NH3-N), and volatile fatty acids (VFA). Microbial populations were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). All data were analyzed as a 3×2 factorial arrangement design using the MIXED procedure of Statistical Analysis Systems. Results: Changes in the fermentation (pH, lactate, acetate, propionate, and NH3-N) and chemical composition (moisture, crude protein, crude fiber, and ash) were observed. For in vitro rumen fermentation, lower rumen pH, higher acetate, propionate, and total VFA content were observed in the F-TMR group after 24 h incubation (p<0.05). F-TMR group had higher acetate concentration compared with the non-fermented group. Total VFA was highest (p<0.05) in F-TMR containing combined forage of domestic and imported source (F-CF) and F-TMR containing Italian ryegrass silage and corn silage (F-IRS-CS) than that of TMR diet containing oat, timothy, and alfalfa hay. The microbial population was not affected by the different TMR diets. Conclusion: The use of Italian ryegrass silage and corn silage, as well as the inoculation of coculture of L. acidophilus and B. subtilis, in the TMR caused changes in the pH, lactate and acetate concentrations, and chemical composition of experimental diets. In addition, F-TMR composed with Italian ryegrass silage and corn silage altered ruminal pH and VFA concentrations during in vitro rumen fermentation experiment. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effects of different roughages in total mixed ration (TMR) inoculated with or without coculture of <i>Lactobacillus acidophilus</i> (<i>L. acidophilus</i>) and <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (<i>B. subtilis</i>) on <i>in vitro</i> rumen fermentation and microbial population.Methods: Three TMRs formulations composed of different forages were used and each TMR was grouped into two treatments: non-fermented TMR and fermented TMR (F-TMR) (inoculated with coculture of <i>L. acidophilus</i> and <i>B. subtilis</i>). After fermentation, the fermentation, chemical and microbial profile of the TMRs were determined. The treatments were used for <i>in vitro</i> rumen fermentation to determine total gas production, pH, ammonianitrogen (NH<sub>3</sub>-N), and volatile fatty acids (VFA). Microbial populations were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). All data were analyzed as a 3×2 factorial arrangement design using the MIXED procedure of Statistical Analysis Systems.Results: Changes in the fermentation (pH, lactate, acetate, propionate, and NH<sub>3</sub>-N) and chemical composition (moisture, crude protein, crude fiber, and ash) were observed. For <i>in vitro</i> rumen fermentation, lower rumen pH, higher acetate, propionate, and total VFA content were observed in the F-TMR group after 24 h incubation (p<0.05). F-TMR group had higher acetate concentration compared with the non-fermented group. Total VFA was highest (p<0.05) in F-TMR containing combined forage of domestic and imported source (F-CF) and F-TMR containing Italian ryegrass silage and corn silage (F-IRS-CS) than that of TMR diet containing oat, timothy, and alfalfa hay. The microbial population was not affected by the different TMR diets.Conclusion: The use of Italian ryegrass silage and corn silage, as well as the inoculation of coculture of <i>L. acidophilus</i> and <i>B. subtilis</i>, in the TMR caused changes in the pH, lactate and acetate concentrations, and chemical composition of experimental diets. In addition, F-TMR composed with Italian ryegrass silage and corn silage altered ruminal pH and VFA concentrations during <i>in vitro</i> rumen fermentation experiment.
누르하야티 추도리,오니 프란시나타 앙가라,소니 카르소노 한국동남아학회 2023 동남아시아연구 Vol.33 No.2
Every year, millions of Indonesian Muslims travel across the country to their places of origin to celebrate Lebaran (Eid al-Fitr) with their relatives. The seasonal mass migration is a disruptive, resource- consuming, and sometimes dangerous undertaking. Besides being a real drain on the travelers’ time, finances, and energy, the annual exodus turns major cities, for a while, into ghost towns, puts enormous strain on the infrastructure, and causes traffic accidents. To understand the mudik tradition, the current study investigates what it means for Indonesia’s urban Muslims to undertake it. A thematic analysis was performed on a mixed dataset, which comprised web-based interview transcripts and survey data, as well as Lebaran-themed short stories, a feature film, a YouTube video, a song, cartoons, and blog narratives. The study discovers and throws into relief a set of meanings that contemporary Indonesian Muslims attach to the act of mudik and which give an indication of why the tradition continues at all costs.