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${\alpha}$-(n-Butyl)-N-Phenylnitrone유도체의 가수분해 반응메카니즘과 반응속도론적 연구
이석우,곽천근,이광일,이기창,Lee Seok-Woo,Chun-Geun Kwak,Kwang-Il Lee,Lee Ki-Chang 대한화학회 1992 대한화학회지 Vol.36 No.4
${\alpha}$-(n-butyl)-N-phenylnitrone 유도체들의 가수분해 반응속도상수를 $25^{\circ}C$의 수용액에서 자외선 분광광도법으로 측정하여 넓은 pH 범위에서 잘 맞는 반응속도식을 구하였다. 반응속도식, 가수분해 생성물, 일반염기(general base) 및 치환기 효과 등의 결과로부터 가수분해 반응메카니즘을 제안하였다. 즉, pH 4.5이하에서의 가수분해는 양성자가 첨가된 nitrone의 ${\alpha}$-탄소에 물분자의 공격에 의해 진행되며, pH 10.0 이상에서는 ${\alpha}$-탄소에 히드록시 이온의 직접 첨가에 의하여 가수분해가 진행된다. pH 4.5∼10.0에서는 nitrone에 물분자가 첨가되는 것이 속도결정단계임을 알았다. The rate constants of hydrolysis of ${\alpha}$-(n-butyl)-N-phenylnitrone and its derivatives have been determined by UV spectrophotometry at 25$^{\circ}C$ and a rate equation which can be applied over a wide pH range was obtained. On the basis of rate equations derived and judging from the hydrolysis products obtained and from general base and substituent effects, plausible mechanisms of hydrolysis in various pH range have been proposed. Below pH 4.5, the hydrolysis was initiated by the protonation and followed by the addition of water to ${\alpha}$-carbon. Above pH 10.0, the hydrolysis was proceeded by the addition of hydroxide ion to ${\alpha}$-carbon. In the range of pH4.5∼10.0, the addition of water to nitrone is rate controlling step.
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대기오염 피해지역의 산벚나무 임분내 내성 및 감수성 개체의 유전적 차이
이석우,우수영,구영본,이성규 ( Seok Woo Lee,Su Young Woo,Yeong Bon Koo,Soung Kyu Lee ) 한국산림과학회 1998 한국산림과학회지 Vol.87 No.1
The estimates of genetic diversity based on 7 polymorphic loci coding for 6 isozymes were compared between the tolerant and the sensitive trees in an air polluted Prunus sargentii stand located on Ulsan industrial area. Although we could not observe statistically significant differences in allele and genotype frequencies between the two groups except the gene locus Got-2, the unique alleles and genotypes were observed in the tolerant group. All the genetic parameters such as genetic multiplicity, genetic diversity, and heterozygosity revealed that a greater amount of genetic variations existed in the tolerant group.
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자원 가용성 기반 다중 경매 모델을 이용한 서비스 예약형 클라우드 자원 거래 시스템
이석우,김태영,이종식,Lee, Seok Woo,Kim, Tae Young,Lee, Jong Sik 한국시뮬레이션학회 2014 한국시뮬레이션학회 논문지 Vol.23 No.1
A cloud computing is one of a parallel and distributed computing. The cloud computing provides some service for user with virtual resources. However, a user's service request does not show a time pattern. As a result, each resource also shows a different availability at the same time. This difference affects a quality of service (QoS) and a resource selection for users. Therefore, we propose the resource availability-based multi auction model for cloud service reservation and resource brokering system. The proposed system is to select the proper resource provider based on the users' request. The proposal adopts the multi phase of the auction to transact resources. The system evaluates the available factor of each resource on the auction phase, and finally reserves the service on the adaptive queue. The proposed model shows the better performance than other existing method. 클라우드 컴퓨팅은 분산 병렬 컴퓨팅의 일종으로 IT 자원을 가상화 하고 이를 사용자에게 제공한다. 그러나 사용자의 서비스 요청은 시간적 규칙성이 없으며, 이런 이유로 각 자원들은 가용성의 차이를 갖는다. 가용성의 차이는 클라우드 서비스 이용자의 QoS만족도 및 서비스 제공자 선택에 영향을 주게 된다. 본 논문에서는 클라우드 환경에서의 서비스 이용자의 요구에 따라 가상화된 IT자원 제공자의 효율적 선정을 위한 자원 가용성 기반 다중 경매 모델을 이용한 서비스 예약형 클라우드 자원거래 시스템을 제안한다. 제안한 시스템에서는 서비스 이용자의 서비스 요청 발생 시 두 번의 경매 모델을 사용하는 다중경매모델이며, 다중 경매 과정 중 단일 경매 단계에서 자원 가용성 평가 알고리즘 및 가변 큐를 이용한 서비스 예약방식을 적용하여 서비스 제공자의 자원 가용성을 평가하여 최적의 서비스 제공 자원을 찾는다. 제안모델은 QoS만족도 부분에서 앞서 작용한 자원 가용성 평가 알고리즘으로 인해 높은 성능을 보여주며, 작업 처리 시간활용도 면에서 QoS를 모두 고려한 상태로 안정적으로 더 많은 작업을 처리 할 수 있음을 입증하였다.
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李碩祐(Lee, Seok-Woo) 백산학회 2005 白山學報 Vol.- No.71
In the 1943 Italian Armistice and the 1947 Treaty of Paris, the Allies purported to assume control over all of Italy’s dependencies and territories, without specifically defining what those treaty terms signified. Nonetheless, municipal law, decisions from national tribunals, and scholarly writings had addressed dependencies and territories, and therefore provided a viable interpretation of those terms. Specifically, dependencies and territories are functionally equivalent, sharing many of the same characteristics. They are usually separated in a physical and political sense from a dominant nation; a foreign country usually administers some of its governmental functions, most often foreign affairs; and most importantly, the dominant country’s relationship with its dependencies and territories does not rise to the level of territorial sovereignty. Rather, the relationship is one of de facto administration and control, not formal title in the sovereign sense. In many ways this formulation of dependencies was historically necessary, not only because the distinct concept was needed to accurately describe certain colonial relationships, but also because the interpretation thematically supported the UN’s decolonization initiative. In essence, effective disposition of territories under the relevant treaties and comprehensive colonial independence under the UN initiatives both depended on the broad reading of such misunderstood concepts as dependent territories, dependencies, and territories.
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이석우(Lee, Seok-Woo),신창훈(Shin, Chang-Hoon),박영길(Park, Young-Kil) 백산학회 2010 白山學報 Vol.- No.87
This paper explores the maritime jurisdictional systems of five major maritime countries: the United States, Iceland, Australia, China and Japan, in the territorial sea, the contiguous zone, the exclusive economic zone and the continental shelf. The reason these five states were chosen for this research, are as follows: (1) The United States, though not having ratified the 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), has exerted a large influence on the international maritime legal system through numerous domestic and international practices. (2) Iceland has made every effort to secure and extend its maritime jurisdiction. (3) Australia is one of the states that has taken the lead in managing its maritime jurisdiction efficiently by concluding bilateral agreements with neighboring states. (4) The legal systems and policies of China and Japan may exert a direct influence on Korea’s maritime policy. This research will delve deeply into the jurisdictional systems of the territorial sea, the contiguous zone, the exclusive economic zone and the continental shelf of the five countries. Doing this, it will also examines on the current maritime issues of these states such as the legality of the straight baseline, the usage of marine scientific research and the extension of the outer limit of the continental shelf. This paper will also explain and elaborate on the following policies being pursued that have been derived from the maritime jurisdictional systems of the five countries: (1) the active protest against the straight baseline of neighboring states which is not consistent with the obligations set forth by UNCLOS; (2) the trend towards the legalization of the principle of delimitation on the territorial sea and the contiguous zone; (3) the coexistence of the exclusive economic zone and the fishing zone; (4) the trend of stipulation of title to the continental shelf. Finally, based on the salient issues for Korea and policy implications from this comparative research, this paper makes the following policy proposals for Korea: (1) to protest in various ways straight baselines that are not consistent with UNCLOS; (2) reorganizing the system of the innocent passage; (3) to study the use of the exclusive fishing zone; (3) to analyze the position and the legal basis taken by China regarding the notion of the natural prolongation of the continental shelf.
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이석우(Lee, Seok-Woo) 백산학회 2011 白山學報 Vol.- No.89
Examines the effect of force having been used in seizing territory on a latter disposition of territory. Sets out the various modes by which a party may acquire title to territory which it has seized by force. Discusses how the fact that a State territory initially seized territory by force will effect a State’s right to (1) abandon such territory, when the previously dispossessed state maintains a claim to the territory; (2) relinquish such territory when the previously dispossessed state maintains a claim to the territory; (3) cede such territory when the previously dispossessed state does not maintain a claim to the territory; and, (4) cede such territory, when the previously dispossessed state maintains a claim to the territory. Discusses the above four circumstances in light of (a) any remaining right to title in the territory held by a previously dispossessed State; and (b) any limitation to the disposing State’s right of disposition.
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영토 취득과 관련한 국제법의 일반원칙과 한국의 간도 영유권 주장의 향후 연구방향에 대한 시론적 제언
이석우(Lee, Seok-Woo) 백산학회 2005 白山學報 Vol.- No.72
This research provides a broad framework for better appreciation and resolution of the territorial dispute over Gando, by applying the relevant international law relating to territorial acquisition and loss, and by reinterpreting traditional position of Korean academics on this issue. As to the question of sovereignty over Gando, the outcome of this research indicates as follows: first, to fix unified geographical scope of Gando is the precondition for addressing territorial ownership over Gando; second, to overcome current international jurisprudence on territorial disputes formulated by international judicial bodies, in particular on the issues of functionalism and colonialism; third, to analyse Chinese practice of territorial acquisition by evaluating territorial disputes in which China is a disputant; fourth, to appraise the validity of the 1962 North Korean-China Boundary Treaty, and the Unified Korea’s legal obligation of succession to that boundary treaty; and fifth, to apply the principle of self-determination to Korean ethnics in Gando considering their significant presence for over centuries.
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