성인의 기관지 결핵의 전산하단층촬영 소견: 기관지경과의 비교

윤세라 대한영상의학회 1996 대한영상의학회지 Vol.34 No.1

Purpose : To evaluate the CT findings of histologically confirmed endobrnchial tuberculosis(EBTB) and toaccess their diagnostic value by comparing with the bronchoscopic findings. Materials and Method : We evaluatedretrospectively the CT findings of 25 patients(male : female=5 : 20) with EBTB, and classified them into 3 typesby their characteristic features, which are compared with the brochoscopic findings. The 3 types of CT featureswere as follows ; type 1 : central mass-like lesion with coarse calcific spots associated with atelectasis, type 2: caseous pneumonia with air-bronchogram associated with atelecatasis, type 3 : irregularly distorted and narrowedbronchovascular changes. Results : Comparing the characteristic CT findings with the bronchoscopic findings, theywere as follows ; type 1 showed completely occluded lumen by caseous or scar-like tissue with severely swollenmucosa, type 2 showed very thick tenacious mucous plug with anthracotic pigmentation of mucosa, type 3 showedchronic inflammatory change of mucosa with severely deviated or septated bronchial lumen by out-growing caseousgranulation tissue. A tracheal tuberculosis without parenchymal lesion was noted and the bronchoscopy showedcaseous materials along the tracheal lumen to the carinal level. Conclusion : The characteristic CT findings ofthe bronchial wall and the changes of the adjacent tissues are related to the tracheobronchial tuberculousinvolvement. CT is useful for diagnosis of the endobronchial tuberculosis.

북한 ‘지방경제’의 발견과 평가: 시장화 흐름을 중심으로

윤세라 비판사회학회 2023 비판사회학회 학술대회 자료집 Vol.2023 No.4

[발표문] 북한이탈주민의 장애정체성 연구 : 남북한 공간의 차이를 중심으로

윤세라,허준기 한국장애학회 2019 한국장애학회 학술대회 자료집 Vol.2019 No.2

Effect of Various Support Surfaces on Activation of Tibialis Anterior, Peroneus Longus, and Gastrocnemius Muscles during Squat Performance

윤세라,김지원,송다은,이보람,이정현,김용욱 KEMA학회 2019 근골격계과학기술학회 Vol.3 No.2

Background Previous studies have reported various advantages of general squat for functional activities. However, no study has reported the effect of lower leg muscle activity during squat on ankle stability with different supporting surface conditions. Purpose To investigate the effect of various support surfaces on lower leg muscle activation during squat performance and identify an effective way to prevent ankle injuries by increasing ankle stability. Study design Cross-sectional study. Methods Twenty healthy adults were recruited to compare lower leg muscle activation during squat performance on various support surfaces. Electromyographic activity was measured for tibialis anterior (TA), peroneus longus (PL), medial gastrocnemius (GCM), and lateral GCM muscles. Lower leg muscle activity during squat performance was calculated using mean value measured three times on each support surface. Repeated 3 × 2 two-way ANOVA measurements (surface conditions × leg sides) with Bonferroni’s correction was used to compare lower leg muscle activity from both sides on various support surfaces during squat exercise. Results TA muscle activity during squat performance under balance pad (BP) condition was significantly greater than that under togu (TG) condition (p<0.05). PL muscle activity during squat performance was significantly greater under bottom floor (BF) condition than that under BP or TG condition (p<0.05). Medial GCM muscle activity during squat performance was significantly greater under BP condition than that under BF or TG condition (p<0.05). TA and medial GCM muscle activities were the highest under BP condition, followed by those under BF and TG conditions. PL and lateral GCM muscle activities were the highest under BF condition, followed by those under BP and TG conditions. Conclusions For anteroposterior muscles of the lower leg, squat exercise needs to be performed on a slightly unstable support surface such as a BP. For lateral muscles of the lower leg, squat exercise needs to be performed on stable support surface such as BF. Background Previous studies have reported various advantages of general squat for functional activities. However, no study has reported the effect of lower leg muscle activity during squat on ankle stability with different supporting surface conditions. Purpose To investigate the effect of various support surfaces on lower leg muscle activation during squat performance and identify an effective way to prevent ankle injuries by increasing ankle stability. Study design Cross-sectional study. Methods Twenty healthy adults were recruited to compare lower leg muscle activation during squat performance on various support surfaces. Electromyographic activity was measured for tibialis anterior (TA), peroneus longus (PL), medial gastrocnemius (GCM), and lateral GCM muscles. Lower leg muscle activity during squat performance was calculated using mean value measured three times on each support surface. Repeated 3 × 2 two-way ANOVA measurements (surface conditions × leg sides) with Bonferroni’s correction was used to compare lower leg muscle activity from both sides on various support surfaces during squat exercise. Results TA muscle activity during squat performance under balance pad (BP) condition was significantly greater than that under togu (TG) condition (p<0.05). PL muscle activity during squat performance was significantly greater under bottom floor (BF) condition than that under BP or TG condition (p<0.05). Medial GCM muscle activity during squat performance was significantly greater under BP condition than that under BF or TG condition (p<0.05). TA and medial GCM muscle activities were the highest under BP condition, followed by those under BF and TG conditions. PL and lateral GCM muscle activities were the highest under BF condition, followed by those under BP and TG conditions. Conclusions For anteroposterior muscles of the lower leg, squat exercise needs to be performed on a slightly unstable support surface such as a BP. For lateral muscles of the lower leg, squat exercise needs to be performed on stable support surface such as BF.

몬테소리교육이론과 아동교육의 방향

윤세라 백석대학교 유관순연구소 2008 유관순 연구 Vol.13 No.-

북한 지방경제 시기별 변화 연구:『경제연구』를 중심으로

윤세라 북한연구학회 2021 北韓硏究學會報 Vol.25 No.2

This study was conducted to analyze the local economy of North Korea and look into the past changes made over time, mostly referring to the North Korean academic journal ‘Kyongje Yongu’. In the late 1950s and 1980s, the foundation of the local economy was formed. In the late 1950s, the Kim regime set ‘gun’ as the basic unit of its local economy based on which it has promoted industrial and agricultural development. From the late 1950’s to the 1970’s, it carried out two rounds of construction projects to build light industrial factories at a regional level while the local budget system was established in 1973 to ensure that local budgets are handled separately with surplus sent to the regime. From the 1990s to 2010s, there came many changes in the local economy with laws and systems newly established. Although each region had secured autonomy in trade, budget, etc. and strengthened its capability, the regime’s contribution and management were enhanced as well, with the legalization of mandatory payment to the regime and stronger trading management. To some extent, recent trends of Pyongyang’s local economy look both similar and different from the past trends, which is why it is necessary to pay more attention to its future changes. 본 연구는 북한 학술지 『경제연구』를 중심으로 북한 지방경제를 분석하고, 시기별 변화를 확인하였다. 1950년대 후반~1980년대에는 지방경제의 기본 단위를 군(郡)으로 설정하고, 군을 중심으로 공업과 농업을 발전시켰다. 특히 두 차례의 지방공장건설로 경공업 중심의 지방공업을 구축했다. 1973년 확립된 지방예산제는 제도적으로 지방 재정을 분리하고 잉여를 국가로 보내도록 하였다. 1990년대~2010년대에는 여러 방면에서 지방경제에 변화가 나타나고 관련 법·제도가 구축되었다. 무역, 예산 부분 등에서 지방의 독자성이 확보되고 지방 자체로 해결과 성장이 도모되었다. 그러나 한편으로는 국가납부금 의무화, 무역 관리 강화 등 중앙의 기여와 관리 또한 강조되었다. 최근 지방경제 강조는 지난 시기와 닮은 듯 다른 모습을 보인다. 따라서 앞으로의 지방경제 변화에 더욱 관심을 기울여야 할 것이다.

메탄 플라즈마 분해에 의해 제조된 카본블랙 도전재의 전기화학적 특성에 대한 연구

윤세라,이중기,조원일,백영순,주재백,조병원,Yoon, Se-Rah,Lee, Joong-Kee,Cho, Won-Ihl,Baek, Young-Soon,Ju, Jae-Beck,Cho, Byung-Won 한국전기화학회 2003 한국전기화학회지 Vol.6 No.1

메탄의 플라즈마 열분해 방법에 의해 제조된 카본블랙을 $2\times10^{-2}torr$진공상태에서 $800,\;1300,\;2100^{\circ}C$의 온도로 열처리하여 원시료를 포함하여 물리적$\cdot$화학적 특성이 다른 4개의 시료를 준비하였다. 이 시료들을 리튬이차전지 양극 활물질인 $LiCoO_2$의 도전재로 사용하여 $Li/LiCoO_2$ 반쪽전지를 구성하고 변화된 도전재의 특성에 따른 셀의 전기화학적 특성 차이를 조사하였다 시료를 열처리하였을 때 표면화학그룹이 제거되고 전도도가 높아지면서 도전재로 사용하였을 때 사이클 특성 및 초기 방전용량이 향상되었다. 그러나, $2100^{\circ}C$에서 열처리한 시료를 도전재로 사용한 경우에는 사이클 특성 및 rate capability가 저하되는 것으로 나타났다. 이것은 플라즈마 블랙의 열처리에 의한 구조 변화에 따른 전극 내 분산 특성의 변화가 전도도 특성과 복합적으로 작용하여 제작한 셀의 전기화학적 특성에 영향을 미치기 때문으로 사료된다 열처리 온도가 높아질수록 카본블랙 표면의 관능기가 제거되면서 플라즈마 블랙의 전도도가 증가하였으나, 흑연화의 진행으로 나타난 agglomeration의 증가가 전극 내 분산 특성을 저하시키는 것으로 사료된다 그 결과 $800^{\circ}C$에서 열처리한 시료의 사이클 특성이 가장 우수하였다. Plasma carbon black(PB) which prepared by plasma pyrolysis of methane was treated at 800, 1300 and $2100^{\circ}C$ under $2\times10^{-2}$ torr. Four different samples including raw PB were added to $LiCoO_2$, cathode active material of lithium secondary battery, to investigate effects of properties of plasma black as conductors on electrochemical characteristics. Based on our experimental results, PB conductors with low amount of surface functional groups and high electrical conductivity enhanced the cyclability and the initial discharge capacity. However, deterioration of rate capability and cyclability were observed (or the plasma black treated at $2100^{\circ}C$ For the plasma black conductor prepared from plasma pyrolysis, the effects of properties of carbon black on electrochemical characteristics were combined results of changes in electrical conductivity and structural properties such as agglomeration of plasma black. The conductivity of plasma black increased with treatment temperature, while dispersion of plasma black decreased. As a result, the high cyclability of cell was observed at $800^{\circ}C$ of heat treatment temperature.

급성 뇌경색증에서 Transcranial Doppler의 진단적 가치에 관한 연구

윤세라,이기재,김호균 인제대학교 1999 仁濟醫學 Vol.20 No.1S

Transcranial doppler(TCD)의 두개내 혈관협착, 특히 다발성 협착의 진단의 적용에 대해서 알아보았다. 현재 관용적으로 쓰이고 있는 TCD상의 혈류속도의 증가만을 기준으로 하였을 때와 혈류속도외에 혈류의 형태학적인 변화, 측부 순환의 양상, 혈류속도의 감소, 좌우 비대칭성 등의 다양한 진단 지표를 고려하였을 때의 결과를 뇌혈관촬영술과의 상관관계에 비추어 비교하여 보았다. 두개내의 다발성 혈관협착의 빈발성과 그에 따른 복잡한 혈류양상 때문에 혈류속도 외에 다양한 진단 지표를 동시에 고려하였을 때가 TCD의 민감도, 특이도, 및 정확도를 증가시켜 TCD의 진단적 가치를 높임을 알 수 있었다. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of morphologic changes and collateral flow patterns in addition to velocity criteria using transcranial doppler(TCD) in detection of intracranial vascular stenosis, especially in cases of multiple stenoses. Methods and Materials : Medical records, angiography, and TCD findings were reviewed in 86 patients with acute cerebral infarction who underwent both cerebral angiography and TCD examination. Angiography was performed after TCD within a week. Angiography and TCD were interpreted blindly by neurologist and neuroradiologist. TCD was interpreted, using the velocity criteria according to the previous normal data of Yonsei medical collage, and to the morphologic changes and collateral flow patterns, retrospectively. Results: Total 373 sites of patients, who had good windows of TCD at intracranial portion of carotid siphon(siphon), proximal portion of middle cerebral artery(M1), and basilar artery were evaluated. Total 67 sites(46 patients) of stenoses were found 28 sites of M1, 30 sites of siphon, and 9 sites of basilar artery, Fifty eight of 67 sites had more than one site of intracranial stenosis. Among them, 43 sites had multiple stenoses within a vascular territory proximally and distally. When we used mean velocity as a sole parameter of diagnostic criteria, the overall sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of TCD in detection of the stenosis at M1, siphon. and basilar artery were 19.4%, 85.0%, and 79.4%, respectively. When abnormal flow waveforms, collateral flow patterns, and decreased MV were considered together, they were improved to 55.2%, 91.1%, and 78.8%, respectively. When these parameters were considered in patients with multiple stenoses, one of the most confusing factor of diagnosis, false negative ramie was decreased markedly. The sensitivity was increased to 53.5%, close to that wish single stenosis (58.3%), resulting in better correlation with angiography and TCD examination. Conclusion: Owing to the high frequency of multiple stenoses and iris complex flow pat terns in intracranial stenosis, TCD may not be effective screening test for intracranial vascular stenosis if increased mean velocity is used as a sole criteria. So it seems to be better in detection of intracranial vascular stenosis that variable parameters such as changes in flow waveforms, collateral flow patterns, decreased mean velocity, and asymmetry index are considered simultaneously.

뇌피질 층상괴사의 자기공명영상 소견

윤세라 대한영상의학회 1996 대한영상의학회지 Vol.35 No.5

Purpose : To evaluate the characteristic sequential MRI findings of cortical laminar necrosis Materials andMethods : We retrospectively reviewed the MRI findings of 11 patients with clinical signs of hypoxic brain damagewho showed findings of cortical laminar necrosis with definite time of onset. Three were men and eight were women; they were aged between 27 and 74 (mean 59.3)years. All patients underwent imaging with a 1.0-T MagnetomImpact(Siemens) ; follow-up MR examinations were performed in five. Results : The watershed zones in theparietooccipital, frontoparietal and temporoparietal cortex were involved in eight cases, whereas the other areasinvolved were the frontal lobe in two cases and the temporal lobe in one. In one case, MRI obtained two days latershowed brain swelling demonstrating obliteration of cortical sulci and high signal intensity of subcortical whitematter on T2WI. In five cases, MRI obtained between two and three weeks later showed gyriform high signalintensity along the cortex on T1WI, cortical high and subcortical low signal intensities on T2WI in four cases,and gyriform enhancement on gadolinium-enhanced scans in three cases. MRI obtained between three and four weekslater in three cases showed subcortical high signal intensity on T2WI in two cases and gyriform cortical highsignal intensities on T1WI and gyral enhancement in all cases. MRI obtained after 50 days in four cases includingtwo of follow-up MR, showed cortical gyriform high signal intensity on T1WI in all cases and subcortical highsignal intensity on T2WI and mild gyriform enhancement on gadolinium-enhanced scans in three cases. In twofollow-up studies, the lesions had become more discrete and larger. Conclusion : Cortical laminar necrosis due tohypoxic brain damage shows relatively characteristic MR findings according to the stage. Therefore, MR imagingseems to be useful diagnostic tool for the evaluation of cortical laminar necrosis due to hypoxic brain damage.

교육과정의 변천과 교과서 개발의 과제

윤세라 숙명여자대학교 교육문제연구소 1991 교육연구 Vol.1 No.1