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링크 교환을 이용한 무선 센서 네트워크용 체인 토폴로지 : LECSEN
신지수,서창진,Shin, Ji-Soo,Suh, Chang-Jin 한국정보처리학회 2008 정보처리학회논문지 C : 정보통신,정보보안 Vol.15 No.4
In WSN(Wireless Sensor Network) many routing algorithms such as LEACH, PEGASIS and PEDEP consisting of sensor nodes with limited energy have been proposed to extend WSN lifetime. Under the assumption of perfect fusion, these algorithms used convergecast that periodically collects sensed data from all sensor nodes to a base station. But because these schemes studied less energy consumption for a convergecast as well as fairly energy consumption altogether, the minimum energy consumption for a convergecast was not focused enough nor how topology influences to energy consumption. This paper deals with routing topology and energy consumption for a single convergecast in the following ways. We chose major WSN topology as MSC(Minimum Spanning Chain)s, MSTs, PEGASIS chains and proposed LECSEN chains. We solved the MSC length by Linear Programming(LP) and propose the LECSEN chain to compete with MST and MSC. As a result of simulation by Monte Carlo method for calculation of the topology length and standard deviation of link length, we learned that LECSEN is competitive with MST in terms of total energy consumption and shows the best with the view of even energy consumption at the sensor nodes. Thus, we concluded LECSEN is a very useful routing topology in WSN. 무선 센서 네트워크(Wireless Sensor Network : WSN)에서 한정된 에너지를 가진 센서 노드의 동작 기간을 연장하기 위해서 LEACH와 PEGASIS, PEDAP 등의 대표적인 라우팅 방식이 제안되었다. 이들은 데이터가 완전 퓨전(perfect fusion)되는 환경에서 주기적으로 데이터를 수집하여 한 노드로 전송하는 convergecast 라우팅 방식을 사용한다. 그러나 convergecast와 에너지 분배를 동시에 다루는 과정에서 토폴로지에 관한 특성과 한계에 대한 연구는 거의 이루어지지 않았다. 이 논문은 한 번의 convergecast에 소비되는 총에너지의 관점에서 토폴로지를 다음과 같이 연구하였다. 우리는 주요 라우팅 토폴로지로 최소 스패닝 체인(Minimum Spanning Chain : MSC)과 최소 스패닝 트리(Minimum Spanning Tree : MST), PEGASIS 체인, 제안하는 LECSEN체인을 소개하거나 정의하였다. 우리는 MSC를 선형 프로그래밍(LP) 방식으로 풀었으며, MSC나 MST에 준하는 토폴로지를 만들기 위해서 LECSEN 체인을 제안하였다. Monte Carlo 방식의 시뮬레이션을 통해 토폴로지의 전체 길이와 각 링크 길이의 분포를 분석한 결과, 대부분의 WSN 환경에서 LECSEN은 MST에 필적할 만큼 에너지를 적게 소모하고, 각 센서 노드의 에너지 소비가 매우 균등하였다. 그러므로 우리는 LECSEN 체인이 WSN 라우팅에서 매우 유용하다는 사실을 확인하였다.
고환 내 정자의 체외배양 중 운동성에 미치는 인간 난포액과 온도의 영향
신지수,손지온,이동률,김계성,정태규,김낙근,한지은,이우식,윤태기 韓國受精卵移植學會 2004 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.19 No.1
The aim of this study was to evaluate the improvement of testicular sperm motility following different culture conditions such as human follicular fluid (hFF) and temperature. Testicular tissues obtained from azoospermia (n=21) were minced into small pieces by blade and recovered sperm suspension were cultured in Ham's F10 with or without 40% hFF at different temperatures (Group I: 37/with hFF, Group II: 32/withGroup III: 37/without, Group IV:32 /without The motility and viability of sperm were monitored during culture for 48 hours. Initial motility of testicular sperm was 10.91.9%. After 24 hours culture, sperm motility was 23.52.1% (Group I), 8.11.1% (Group II), 10.4 1.4% (Group III) and 4.00.8% (Group IV), respectively. After 48 hours, the motility had been changed as 322.3% (Group I), 14.31.7% (Group II), 5.3 1.4% (Group III) and 4.30.9% (Group IV). In hFF group (I and II), sperm motility of group I cultured at 37 was higher than those of group II at 32. But, sperm viability of group I cultured at 37 was lower than those of group II at 32 (54.44.1% vs. 59.43.7%) after cultured for 48 hours. We acquired the best motility of testicular sperm when performed in vitro culture for 48 hours in hFF supplemented medium at 37. Increase of sperm motility by in vitro culture could be useful tool fur human TESE-ICSI program.
신지수,송인한,남보영,김명희 연세대학교 사회복지연구소 2022 한국사회복지조사연구 Vol.72 No.-
North Korean defectors are known to suffer from psychological distress due to the social factors they experience. We investigated psychological distress experienced by female North Korean (NK) defectors in three different migration phases (i.e., North Korea, intermediate countries, and South Korea). Eight female adult North Korean defectors were interviewed for this study in 2020. Interview results were analyzed using quantitative content analysis. A crosscase analysis was conducted to find major themes regarding the psychological distress in each migration phase, and three major themes for the changes in the psychological distress were identified. Female North Korean defectors were found to experience a feeling of helplessness in North Korea and intermediate countries and felt frustrated as encountering the harsh reality in South Korea, but they found peace of mind, positive power, and faith in them. The results suggest that anxiety and stress may remain even after resettling in South Korea, but female NK detectors find hope for in difficulties. We discussed how to address their psychological distress in South Korea based on the findings.
신지수,송호윤,박종철 한국정보과학회 2022 정보과학회논문지 Vol.49 No.11
Implicitly abusive language detection is a difficult problem to solve due to diversity of expressions and absence of a clear definition. Previous studies have claimed that implicitly abusive language should be classified and defined in detail, accompanied by corresponding datasets. However, this is not only inefficient, but also hard to flexibly respond to language changes. Our work proposes an efficient and effective method that processes implicitly abusive language as Out-of-Distribution data for the first time. In our experiments, a model with the proposed method performed better than a general pre-trained model and lexicon-based models. We also performed sentiment analysis and a case study to analyze characteristics of implicitly abusive language in detail and differences between a general pre-trained model and our model. 암묵적 언어폭력 탐지는 표현의 다양성과 명확한 기준의 부재로 인하여 해결하기 어려운 문제이다. 선행연구에 따르면 암묵적 언어폭력을 세세하게 분류하고 정의함과 동시에 이에 해당하는 데이터셋을 만드는 과정이 필요하다. 그러나 이는 효율적이지 않을 뿐만 아니라 언어의 변화에 유연하게 대처하기 어렵다는 단점이 있다. 본 연구는 이를 해결하기 위한 효율적이고 효과적인 방법론으로 암묵적 언어폭력을 분포 외 데이터로 처리하는 방법을 처음으로 제안한다. 암묵적 언어폭력 탐지에서 분포 외 데이터 방법론을 적용한 사전학습 모델이 일반 사전학습 모델과 어휘 기반 모델보다 효과적임을 실험을 통해 확인하였다. 또한 감성분석과 사례 연구를 통하여 암묵적 언어폭력의 특성을 살펴보았으며 일반 사전학습 모델과 본 연구에서 제안하는 모델의 차이를 자세히 분석하였다.