十二運星과 陽順陰逆의 상관성에 대하여 - 사주명리를 중심으로 -

김계성 단국대학교 동양학연구원 2016 東洋學 Vol.65 No.-

This paper examines the relation between the direct motion and the retrograde motion of 12 Unseong(十二運星), which are used in Eastern philosophy in general based on Gi(氣). As there are no objections in the existing academic circles to the viewpoint that the 12 Unseong(十二運星) go in order following Five Elements(五行), the problems of the retrograde motion of Eumgan(陰干) when Five Elements(五行) were classified into Eum-Yang(陰陽) were to be solved. The problems were categorized into three main ones, and in a word, these problems can be said to have resulted from the fact that the antique books don’t exactly present the principle of the retrograde motion of the Eumgan(陰干). As everyone knows, it cannot be denied that the theoretical completeness of Yangpotae(陽胞胎) is of a high level. Yanggan(陽干) also accords with logic when discussed through Jijanggan(地藏干) as well as in the principle of Hado-Nakseo(河圖洛書) and the logic of seasonal recursion. Yet, the retrograde motion of Eumgan(陰干) looks like an error seems, whose main reason lies in the insufficient explanation in the antique books with exact reasons. The phenomenon that this retrograde motion of Eumgan(陰干) appears unreasonable is just the matter of minority in terms of the relation of means and ends, so Eumpotae(陰胞胎) cannot be said to be fundamentally wrong. The basis is, as in 'the relation of the direct motion and the retrograde motion of Eum-Yang(陰 陽)’, the principle of Hado-Nakseo(河圖洛書) and the movements of celestial bodies. In addition, the changes in the effects of Eum-Yang(陰陽) were investigated using successive relations, and ‘Eum-Yang-Hogeun(陰陽互根)’ of Yeokhakgyemong(易學啓蒙) corresponds to them. The theory of Eumgan(陰干)’s retrograde movement was p ropos ed. “When it’s t rue that f rom ‘Jangsaeng[Haesoo](長生[亥水])’ where Gapmok(甲木) begins as Gi(氣), Gi(氣) turns into Jil(質), becomes Eulmok(乙木), declines, dies and enters into ‘Myo[Mito](墓[未土])’, the following step is ‘Jeol(絶)’, and because the circulation process becomes cut off, Eulmok(乙木) has no choice but return from Myo[Mito](墓[未土]) and resumes its movements, and this can be regarded as ‘Ohwa[午 火].’” Moreover, as for its management, when one of Five Elements of Cheongan(天干) in Sajupalja(四柱八字) is not divided into Eum(陰) and Yang(陽), but only one part exists, Yangpotae (陽胞胎) is applied. However, if one is divided into Eum(陰) and Yang(陽) in Cheongan(天干) and they are exposed simultaneously, Yanggan(陽干) and Eumgan(陰干) need to be separated and Eumpotae(陰胞胎) should be applied to Eumgan(陰干). 본고는 기를 기반으로 하는 동양철학 전반에서 사용하는 십이운성의 순행과 역행에 대한 상관성을 살펴본 것이다. 기존학계에서는 십이운성이 오행에 따라 순행하는 관점에 이의가 없으므로, 오행을 음양으로 구분했을 때음간의 역행에 대한 문제점을 해결하고자 하였다. 그 문제점을 크게 셋으로 분류하였는데, 이를 한마디로 말하자면 고전에서 음간의 역행하는 이치를 정확하게 거론하지 못하는 데에서 문제가 파생되었다는 것이다. 주지하다시피, 양포태는 이론적인 완성도가 높다는 것은 부정할 수 없다. 하도낙서의 원리라든가 계절이 순환하는 이치뿐만 아니라 지장간으로 따져볼 때에도 양간은 이치에 부합한다. 다만 음간의 역행에는 오류가 보이는데 그 원인 중의 하나는 고전에서 정확한 이치로 설명하지 못한 데서 제기된 문제라고 본다. 이 음간의역행이 불합리한 것처럼 보이는 현상은 본말의 관계로 볼 때 말단의 문제일 뿐이므로 음포태가 근본적으로 잘못되었다고 할 수는 없다. 그 근본이란 ‘음양의 순역관계’에서 살펴보듯이 하도낙서의 원리와 천체의 운행에있다. 또한 음양의 작용이 달라지는 것을 대대의 관계를 이용하여 풀었는데 역학계몽의 ‘음양호근(陰陽互 根)’이 그것이다. 음간 역행설을 제시하였다. “갑목이 기로서 시작하는 ‘장생[亥水]’으로부터 기가 질로 변하여 을목이 되고 쇠퇴하여 죽어서 ‘묘[未土]’에 들어간다면 이후의 단계는 ‘절’로 순환과정이 단절되기 때문에 을목은 어쩔 수 없이 묘[미토]에서 되돌아 나와 다시 운동을 시작해야 하는데 이곳이 ‘午火’라고” 볼 수 있겠다. 또 그것을 운용할 때에는, 사주팔자에서 천간에 어떤 오행이 음양으로 나뉘지 않고 어느 한쪽만 있을 때에는 양포태를 적용하지만, 만약 천간에 음양으로 나뉘어 동시에 드러나 있다면 양간과 음간을 구분하여 음간은 음포태를 적용시켜야 한다고 본다.

포유류 수정과정에서 정자 침체기질의 기능

김계성 韓國受精卵移植學會 2001 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.16 No.1

Sperm competent for fertilization can become capacitated, bind to the zona pellucida (ZP) of an egg in a specific manner, and complete acrosomal exocytosis. Failure to carry out these functions results in infertility. Although the interactions between the ZP and the plasma mem-brane overlying the sperm acrosome have been considered important for sperm-egg recognition and signalling, recent results have prompted a reassessment of current paradigms concerning these interactions. In this review, we're going to discuss about the roles of the acrosomal matrix, the particulate component of the acrosomal contents, in fertilization. The general hypothesis is that acrosomal exocytosis leads to the exposure of acrosomal matrix proteins that become de-facto extracellular matrix (ECM) on the surface of the sperm head, and that the dynamic interactions of this newly-exposed sperm ECM with the egg ECM (the ZP) govern sperm-egg recognition and sperm penetration of the ZP Informations from these experiments may provide new ways to address the poor ZP binding of sperm from some human infertility patients and may offer new avenues for contraception through the disruption of purposeful sperm-ZP binding.

배양액중의 calcium 이온 농도 및 caffeine과 Ca-ionophore A23187 처리가 소정자의 수정능획득에 미치는 영향

김계성,조충호,황우석,Kim, Kye-Seung,Jo, Choong-Ho,Hwang, Woo-Seok 대한수의학회 1991 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.31 No.1

The present study was performed to investigate the effect of Ca ion concentration on sperm viability and acrosome reaction rate and to evaluate the effect of treatments using caffeine and Ca-ionophore A23187 on acrosome reaction rate in frozen-thawed bull spermatozoa. Viabilities of in vitro capacitated bull spermatozoa at 0, 2.25 and 4.5 mM Ca ion concenrations were 21.00, 26.00 and 22.59%, respectively and significantly higher in Ca ion 2.25mM added group than Ca ion free group (p<0.05) and acrosome reaction rates of in vitro capacitated bull spermatozoa were 17.09, 52.15 and 47.92%, respectively and significantly high in Ca ion added groups(p<0.05). Viabilities in vitro capacitation by caffeine and Ca-ionophore A23187 in control, caffeine treated group, Ca-ionophore A23187 treated group and caffeine+Ca-ionophore A23187 treated group were 37.91, 27.67, 22.33 and 25.59%, respectively and significantly higher in control than treated groups(p<0.05), there were no significant differences among the treated groups, and acrosome reaction rates were 10.33, 37.92, 48.09 and 57.17%, respectively and there were significant differences among the groups(p<0.05), especially higher in caffeine+Ca-ionophore A23187 treated group than others.

소 항정자항체가 소 정자의 수태능력에 미치는 영향

김계성,노상호,이강남,이병천,황우석,Kim, Kye-seong,Roh, Sang-ho,Lee, Kang-nam,Lee, Byeong-chun,Hwang, Woo-suk 대한수의학회 1997 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.37 No.4

This study was directed at inducing the production of antibodies by immunizing heifers with bovine sperm antigen and on measuring the serum antibodies using indirect immunofluorescence assay(IFA) and agglutination test. The effect of antisperm antibodies on fertilizing capacity of bovine spermatozoa was evaluated. 1. Three heifers between 12- and 15- month old were immunized with bovine spermatozoa or phosphate-buffered saline. In heifers immunized with bovine spermatozoa serum IgG level was highest between 3 weeks and 5 weeks postimmunization detected by IFA. The antibody levels persisted through week 7 and slowly declined until week 20 and then antisperm antibodies were localized on spermatozoa. The fluorescent antisperm antibodies were detected at 2~20 weeks and at 6~9 weeks postinoculation on acrosome and tail, respectively. Among 21 sera from repeat breeder cows, only one cow has shown positive antisperm antibody response detected by IFA. 2. In spite of vital rate of bovine sperm after swim-up was not significantly affected by different concentration of antisperm antibodies in sera, the numbers of bovine sperm after swim-up were significantly reduced in proportion to the increased concentration of antibodies. Above 1/512 dilution of antibody neither influence on vital rate and numbers of bovine sperm nor sperm agglutination after swim-up. The study has also shown that the vital rate and number of sperm after swim-up and capacitation were also significantly reduced by the addition of antisperm antibodies. Although antisperm antibodies did not influence on the acrosome reaction rate of sperm during swim-up, did significantly reduce the sperm acrosome reaction rate after capacitation. The studies have resulted that the bovine antisperm antibodies can prevent the sperm motility by agglutination and block the capacitation and acrosome reaction of bovine sperm.

양극산화에 의해 형성된 Ti 산화피막의 특성 (초)

김계성,신헌철,조영래 대한금속재료학회 ( 구 대한금속학회 ) 2007 대한금속재료학회 학술대회 개요집 Vol.2007 No.1

단락 자동 구분을 이용한 문서 요약 시스템

김계성,이현주,이상조 한국정보과학회 2003 정보과학회논문지 : 소프트웨어 및 응용 Vol.30 No.8

In this paper, we describes a system that extracts important sentences from Korean newspaper articles using automatic paragraphing. First, we detect repeated words between sentences. Through observation of the repeated words, this system compute Closeness Degree between Sentences(CDS) from the degree of morphological agreement and the change of grammatical role. And then, it automatically divides a document into meaningful paragraphs using the number of paragraph defined by the user's need. Finally, it selects one representative sentence from each paragraph and it generates summary using representative sentences. Though our system doesn't utilize some features such as title, sentence position, rhetorical structure, etc., it is able to extract meaningful sentences to be included in the summary. 본 논문은 단락의 자동 구분을 통해 중요한 문장을 추출하는 요약 시스템을 제안한다. 먼저 어휘의 재출현 여부를 파악하여 어휘의 일치도와 어휘의 역할 변화와 같은 재출현 어휘의 양상 정보를 수집하고, 이를 통하여 문장 간의 긴밀도를 정량적으로 계산한다. 다음으로 측정된 문장간 긴밀도를 이용하여 사용자의 추출 범위에 따라 단락을 구분하고, 각 단락의 대표 문장을 선정하여 최종 요약문을 추출한다. 제안한 방법은 문서 제목, 문장의 위치, 수사 구조 등의 정보를 이용하지 않기 때문에 수사 구조가 자주 발견되지 않는 문서에도 적용이 가능하다.

'남성탓 ··· 불임' 사라진다

김계성,이동률,Kim, Gye-Seong,Lee, Dong-Ryul 한국과학기술단체총연합회 2003 과학과 기술 Vol.36 No.12

소 정자의 생존율 및 첨체반응 검사를 위한 간단한 염색법

김계성,이병천,황우석 韓國受精卵移植學會 2000 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.15 No.1

The object of this study was to find simple and effective methods for the speculation of vitality and scorsome status of bovine spermatozoa. The eosin-nigrosin staining, trypan blue staining, and naphthol yellow S-erythrosin B staining was ofter used for the speculation of vitality and/or acrosome status of bovine spermatozoa, respectively. This study has shown that the combined trypan blue-naphthol yellow S-erythrosin B staining is more accurate and effective for the examination of acrosome status and vitality of bovine spermatozoa.

개 정액의 보존시 glycerol 첨가 및 정장제거가 정자의 성상에 미치는 영향

김계성,Kim, Kye-seong 대한수의학회 1993 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.33 No.2

Multiple ejaculates were collected from four male mongrel dogs. The second fraction and the small volume of third fraction from the ejaculates were divided and treated as follows : control; addition of the egg-yolk Tris extender to the semen at $37^{\circ}C$. group I; Removal of seminal plasma, group II; addition of the glycerolated extender at $4^{\circ}C$, group III Removal of seminal plasma and addition of glycerolated extender at $4^{\circ}C$. The semen cooled to $4^{\circ}C$ was equlibrated for 2hrs and preserved in refrigerator at $4^{\circ}C$. The preserved semen was evaluated for kinetics, morphology, motility and thermoresistance daily for 3 days. 1. The kinectics after preserved days 2 and 3 of group I was significantly higher than that of control(p<0.05). 2. There were no significant difference in abnormal morphology of each group between the periods of storage. 3. The motility after preserved day 1 and days 3 of group I was significantly higher than that of others(p<0.05), and the molity after preserved days 2 of group I and III was signficantly higher than that of others(p<0.05). 4. When the molity of preserved semen was measured during incubation at $37^{\circ}C$, the motility of four groups was declined at similar rates. There was no effect of removal of seminal plasma and glycerol addition on thermoresistance.

좌폐의 발육부전 1 례

김계성,이미경,최석민,김정숙,한만용 대한소아알레르기호흡기학회 1998 Supplement Vol.8 No.2

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