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배지철,Lauren A. Beste,Kristina M. Utzschneider 대한내분비학회 2022 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.37 No.3
Background: We aimed to investigate the association of hepatic steatosis with liver fibrosis and to assess the interactive effects ofhepatic steatosis and insulin resistance on liver fibrosis in a nationally representative sample of United States adults. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017 to2018, which for the first time included transient elastography to assess liver stiffness and hepatic steatosis. We evaluated the association between hepatic steatosis (using controlled attenuation parameter [CAP]) and clinically significant liver fibrosis (defined as liverstiffness ≥7.5 kPa) using logistic regression with an interaction term for hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance (defined as homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance ≥3.0). Results: Among adults undergoing transient elastography (n=2,023), 45.9% had moderate or greater hepatic steatosis and 11.3%had clinically significant liver fibrosis. After adjustment for demographic and metabolic factors, the odds of significant liver fibrosisincreased as CAP score rose (odds ratio, 1.35 per standard deviation increment; 95% confidence interval, 1.11 to 1.64). We detecteda significant interaction effect between CAP score and insulin resistance on the probability of significant liver fibrosis (P=0.016 forinteraction). The probability of significant liver fibrosis increased in the presence of insulin resistance with increasing CAP score,while those without insulin resistance had low probability of significant liver fibrosis, even with high CAP scores. Conclusion: Individuals with hepatic steatosis had higher odds of fibrosis when insulin resistance was present. Our findings emphasize the importance of the metabolic aspects of the disease on fibrosis risk and suggest a need to better identify patients with metabolic associated fatty liver disease.
Diabetes Drugs and Cardiovascular Safety
배지철 대한내분비학회 2016 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.31 No.2
Diabetes is a well-known risk factor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and the beneficial effect of improved glycemiccontrol on cardiovascular complications has been well established. However, the rosiglitazone experience aroused awareness ofpotential cardiovascular risk associated with diabetes drugs and prompted the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to issue newguidelines about cardiovascular risk. Through postmarketing cardiovascular safety trials, some drugs demonstrated cardiovascularbenefits, while some antidiabetic drugs raised concern about a possible increased cardiovascular risk associated with drug use. With the development of new classes of drugs, treatment options became wider and the complexity of glycemic management intype 2 diabetes has increased. When choosing the appropriate treatment strategy for patients with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascularrisk, not only the glucose-lowering effects, but also overall benefits and risks for cardiovascular disease should be takeninto consideration.
배지철,조남한,김재현,허규연,진상만,이문규 대한내분비학회 2020 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.35 No.2
Background: Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are the most important sequelae of obesity and the leading cause ofdeath. We evaluated the association between body mass index (BMI) and the risk of incident type 2 diabetes, CVD, and all-causemortality in a prospective study of a Korean population. Methods: The shapes of the associations were modeled by restricted cubic splines regression analysis. After categorizing all subjects(n=8,900) into octiles based on their BMI levels, we estimated the hazard ratio (HR) for the association of categorized BMI levelswith the risk of incident CVD and type 2 diabetes using a Cox’s proportional hazard analysis. Results: The mean age of participants was 52 years and 48% were men. Of the subjects at baseline, 39.0% of men and 45.6% ofwomen were classified as obese (BMI ≥25 kg/m2). Over a mean follow-up of 8.1 years, CVD events occurred in 509 participants;436 died; and 1,258 subjects developed type 2 diabetes. The increased risk of incident diabetes began to be significant at BMI 23 to24 kg/m2 in both sexes (HR, 1.8). For CVD events, the risk began to increase significantly at BMI 26 to 28 kg/m2 (HR, 1.6). Wefound a reverse J-shaped relationship between BMI and all-cause mortality, with an increased risk among individuals with BMI values in lower range (BMI <21 kg/m2). Conclusion: These results suggest that the BMI cut-off points for observed risk were varied depending on the diseases and that theBMI classification of obesity need to be revised to reflect differential risk of obesity-related diseases.
Excimer Laser-Assisted In Situ Phosphorous Doped Si(1-x)Gex Epilayer Activation
배지철,YoungjaeLee 한국전자통신연구원 2003 ETRI Journal Vol.25 No.4
This paper presents results from experiments on laserannealed SiGe-selective epitaxial growth (LA-SiGe-SEG). The SiGe-SEG technology is attractive for devices that require a low band gap and high mobility. However, it is difficult to make such devices because the SiGe and the highly doped region in the SiGe layer limit the thermal budget. This results in leakage and transient enhanced diffusion. To solve these problems, we grew in situ doped SiGe SEG film and annealed it on an XMR5121 high power XeCl excimer laser system. We successfully demonstrated this LA-SiGe-SEG technique with highly doped Ge and an ultra shallow junction on p-type Si (100). Analyzing the doping profiles of phosphorus, Ge compositions, surface morphology, and electric characteristics, we confirmed that the LA-SiGe-SEG technology is suitable for fabricating high-speed, low-power devices.
분석 조건에 따른 p-MOSFET의 게이트에 유기된 드레인 누설전류의 열화
배지철,이용재 한국전기전자재료학회 1997 電氣電子材料學會誌 Vol.10 No.1
The gate induced drain leakage(GIDL) current under the stress of worse case in -MOSFET's with ultrathin gate oxides has been measured and characterized. The GIDL current was shown that P-MOSFET's of the thicker gate oxide is smaller than that of the thinner gate oxide. It was the results that the this cur-rent is decreased with the increamental stress time at the same devices.It is analyzed that the formation components of GIDL current are both energy band to band tunneling at high gate-drain voltage and energy band to defect tunneling at low drain-gate voltage. The degradations of GIDL current was analyzed the mechanism of major role in the hot carriers trapping in gate oxide by on-state stress.
배지철,곽수헌,김현진,김상용,황유철,서성환,현복진,차지은,원종철,김재현 대한당뇨병학회 2022 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.46 No.1
Background: To evaluate the effects of teneligliptin on glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)-derived time in range, and glycemic variability in elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.Methods: This randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study was conducted in eight centers in Korea (clinical trial registration number: NCT03508323). Sixty-five participants aged ≥65 years, who were treatment-naïve or had been treated with stable doses of metformin, were randomized at a 1:1 ratio to receive 20 mg of teneligliptin (n=35) or placebo (n=30) for 12 weeks. The main endpoints were the changes in HbA1c levels from baseline to week 12, CGM metrics-derived time in range, and glycemic variability.Results: After 12 weeks, a significant reduction (by 0.84%) in HbA1c levels was observed in the teneligliptin group compared to that in the placebo group (by 0.08%), with a between-group least squares mean difference of –0.76% (95% confidence interval [CI], –1.08 to –0.44). The coefficient of variation, standard deviation, and mean amplitude of glycemic excursion significantly decreased in participants treated with teneligliptin as compared to those in the placebo group. Teneligliptin treatment significantly decreased the time spent above 180 or 250 mg/dL, respectively, without increasing the time spent below 70 mg/dL. The mean percentage of time for which glucose levels remained in the 70 to 180 mg/dL time in range (TIR70–180) at week 12 was 82.0%±16.0% in the teneligliptin group, and placebo-adjusted change in TIR70–180 from baseline was 13.3% (95% CI, 6.0 to 20.6).Conclusion: Teneligliptin effectively reduced HbA1c levels, time spent above the target range, and glycemic variability, without increasing hypoglycemia in our study population.