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방창석,홍소형,석기태,김진봉,한상학,성호택,김은지,김명조,김문영,백순구,김동준 고려인삼학회 2014 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.38 No.3
Background: Roles of immune reaction and toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) have widely been established inthe pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Methods: We evaluated the biologic efficacy of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG), urushiol, and probiotics(Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011 and Lactobacillus acidophilus R0052) in mouse models of ALD. SixtyC57BL/6 mice were equally divided into six feeding groups for 10 weeks: normal diet, alcohol,control, alcohol þ KRG, alcohol þ urushiol, and alcohol þ probiotics. Alcohol was administered via aLiebereDeCarli liquid diet containing 10% alcohol. TLR-4 expression, proinflammatory cytokines, andhistology, as well as the results of liver function tests were evaluated and compared. Results: No between-group differences were observed with regard to liver function. TLR-4 levels weresignificantly lower in the KRG, urushiol, and probiotics groups than in the alcohol group (0.37 0.06 ng/mL, 0.39 0.12 ng/mL, and 0.33 0.07 ng/mL, respectively, vs. 0.88 0.31 ng/mL; p < 0.05). Interleukin-1b levels in liver tissues were decreased among the probiotics and KRG groups. The tumor necrosisfactor-a level of liver tissue was decreased in the KRG group. Conclusion: The pathological findings showed that alcohol-induced steatosis was significantly reducedby KRG and urushiol. As these agents improve immunologic capacity, they may be considered in potentialanti-ALD treatments.
방창석,백광호,신인수,김진봉,석기태,윤재훈,김연수,김동준 대한의학회 2015 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.30 No.6
Controversies persist regarding the effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on the development of metachronous gastric cancer after endoscopic resection of early gastric cancer (EGC). The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of Helicobacter pylori eradication after endoscopic resection of EGC for the prevention of metachronous gastric cancer. A systematic literature review and meta-analysis were conducted using the core databases PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. The rates of development of metachronous gastric cancer between the Helicobacter pylori eradication group vs. the non-eradication group were extracted and analyzed using risk ratios (RRs). A random effect model was applied. The methodological quality of the enrolled studies was assessed by the Risk of Bias table and by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Publication bias was evaluated through the funnel plot with trim and fill method, Egger’s test, and by the rank correlation test. Ten studies (2 randomized and 8 non-randomized/5,914 patients with EGC or dysplasia) were identified and analyzed. Overall, the Helicobacter pylori eradication group showed a RR of 0.467 (95% CI: 0.362-0.602, P < 0.001) for the development of metachronous gastric cancer after endoscopic resection of EGC. Subgroup analyses showed consistent results. Publication bias was not detected. Helicobacter pylori eradication after endoscopic resection of EGC reduces the occurrence of metachronous gastric cancer.
방창석,김연수,백광호,한상학 대한소화기내시경학회 2014 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.47 No.4
Xanthoma is an uncommon nonneoplastic lesion resulting from the accumulation of histiocytes. It predominantly shows cutaneous manifestations associated with dyslipidemia. However, xanthoma of the esophagus is extremely rare. To the best of our knowledge, only 14 cases have been reported thus far. The clinical significance of this lesion has not been established. However, this lesion should be distinguished grossly from ectopic sebaceous glands and small subepithelial tumors such as carcinoid and granular cell tumor. Moreover, signet ring cell carcinoma, which contains round cells with abundant cytoplasm and has similar histologic features to xanthoma, should be distinguished microscopically.
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Young Military Men
방창석,김연수,한진형,이용섭,백광호,김진봉,석기태,윤재훈,김동준 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2015 Gut and Liver Vol.9 No.4
Background/Aims: To estimate the prevalence and evaluate the associated psychological factors of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) in males in their twenties who are currently enrolled in military service. Methods: A total of 1,073 men in the Korean army were asked to complete questionnaires based on the Rome III criteria and Symptom Checklist-90-revised (SCL-90R). The prevalence of FGIDs was estimated, and the associated psychological factors were evaluated. Results: A total of 967 men participated. The total prevalence of FGIDs was 18.5% (age-adjusted prevalence, 18.1%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 15.3% to 20.8%). The total SCL-90R scores were higher in men with FGIDs than men without FGIDs (24 [interquartile range, 13 to 44] vs 13 [5 to 28], p<0.001) and higher in men with overlapping syndromes than in those with single FGIDs (31 [18 to 57] vs 14 [5.75 to 29], p<0.001). Somatization (odds ratio [OR], 1.141; 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.20; p<0.001), obsessive-compulsive behaviors (OR, 1.084; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.14; p=0.002) and depression (OR, 0.943; 95% CI, 0.90 to 0.99; p=0.020) were identified as independent predictive factors for FGIDs. Conclusions: FGIDs are common among men in their twenties who are fulfilling their military duty. Somatization and obsessive-compulsive features from the tense atmosphere are associated with the development or progression of FGIDs. Patients who exhibit overlapping syndromes require greater attention given their more severe psychopathology.
전정, 파종기 및 피복재료가 페튜니아의 생육과 장마기 습해에 미치는 영향
방창석,송천영,허건양 한국화훼연구회 1998 화훼연구 Vol.7 No.1
These experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of pruning, sowing 'dates and mulches on the growth and wet injury of spring-sown petunia (Petunia hybrida Vilm.) during rainy season in Korea. The wet injury of 'Titan Rose' petunia was less than 'Cascade White'. Both 'Titan Rose' and 'Cascade White' petunia pruned on Jul. 10 decreased wet injury remarkably and increased ornamental period as evaluated by number of flowers and branches, especially in 'Cascade White'. As sowing times were delayed from Feb. to May, wet injury of plant decreased. However, number of branches, flowers and ornamental period were reduced. Growth and number of flowers covered with plastic film were increased, and wet injury also decreased as compared to control.
방창석 대한상부위장관ㆍ헬리코박터학회 2021 Korean Journal of Helicobacter Upper Gastrointesti Vol.21 No.4
In the past, conventional machine learning was applied to analyze tabulated medical data while deep learning was applied to study afflictions such as gastrointestinal disorders. Neural networks were used to detect, classify, and delineate various images of lesions because the local feature selection and optimization of the deep learning model enabled accurate image analysis. With the accumulation of medical records, the evolution of computational power and graphics processing units, and the widespread use of open-source libraries in large-scale machine learning processes, medical artificial intelligence (AI) is overcoming its limitations. While early studies prioritized the automatic diagnosis of cancer or pre-cancerous lesions, the current expanded scope of AI includes benign lesions, quality control, and machine learning analysis of big data. However, the limited commercialization of medical AI and the need to justify its application in each field of research are restricting factors. Modeling assumes that observations follow certain statistical rules, and external validation checks whether assumption is correct or generalizable. Therefore, unused data are essential in the training or internal testing process to validate the performance of the established AI models. This article summarizes the studies on the application of AI models in upper gastrointestinal disorders. The current limitations and the perspectives on future development have also been discussed.