폐금속 광산지역 농경지 납, 아연 오염 토양의 중금속 고도선별

박찬오,김진수,서승원,이영재,이재영,박미정,공성호,Park, Chan Oh,Kim, Jin Soo,Seo, Seung Won,Lee, Young Jae,Lee, Jai Young,Park, Mi Jeong,Kong, Sung Ho 한국지하수토양환경학회 2013 지하수토양환경 Vol.18 No.7

The study is to propose the optimal separation technique of heavy metals (Pb and Zn) contaminated in soil for improving the removal efficiency by various applicable techniques. The heavy metal contaminated soil samples near abandoned mine X-1 and X-2 were used for the study. Firstly, the wet classification process was shown more than 80% of removal efficiency for lead and zinc. Meanwhile, the magnetic separation process was shown low removal efficiency for lead and zincs because those heavy metals were non-magnetic materials. For the next step, the flotation separation process was shown approximately 24.4% of removal efficiency for zinc, while the gravity concentration process was shown approximately 57% of removal efficiency for lead, and 19.9% of removal efficiency for zinc, respectively. Therefore, zinc contaminated in soil would be effectively treated by the combination technique of the wet classification and the flotation technique. Meanwhile, lead contaminated in soil would be effectively treated by the combination technique of the wet classification process and the flotation process. Furthermore, the extraction of organic matter was shown more effective with aeration, 3% of hydrogen peroxide and 3% of lime such as calcium hydroxide.

대남광산 농경지 토양 내 중금속 특성에 따른 물리적 선별 처리효율에 관한 연구

박찬오,홍동호,이재영,이영재,이진수,ParK, Chan Oh,Hong, Dong-Ho,Lee, Jai-Young,Lee, Young Jae,Lee, Jin-Soo 한국지하수토양환경학회 2013 지하수토양환경 Vol.18 No.5

The main objective was to evaluate the efficiencies of different separation techniques, such as gravity separation, magnetic separation, and aerial separation. Zinc and cadmium removal efficiencies by gravity separation and magnetic separation were 28.3~29.3% and 19.1%, respectively, and were higher than the efficiency obtained by aerial separation. Results showed that the combination of gravity separation and magnetic separation in series which was to maximize the removal efficiencies gave removal efficiency of 21.5~38.7% for zinc and 22.1~23.4% for cadmium. The mass of soil meeting the regulation standards for zinc and cadmium after retrieval from the combined separation process accounted for approximately 80% of the treated soil that would be reusable without the pre-treatment procedure as the neutralization process using in the soil washing method. Physical separation techniques utilizing heavy metal properties are the alternative method to remediate heavy-metal contaminated soils in environmental and economic aspects.

폐금속광산 지역의 비소오염토양 처리를 위한 선별 기술 적용

박찬오,김종원,박준형,이영재,양인재,이재영,ParK, Chan-Oh,Kim, Jong-Won,Park, Jun-Hyoung,Lee, Young-Jae,Yang, In-Jae,Lee, Jai-Young 한국지하수토양환경학회 2013 지하수토양환경 Vol.18 No.5

After the law has been enacted for the prevention and recovery of mining damage in 2005, efforts of remediation have been started to recover heavy metal contaminated soils in agricultural land near mining sites. As part of an effort, the upper part of cultivation layer has been treated through covering up with clean soil, but the heavy metal contamination could be still spreaded to the surrounding areas because heavy metals may be remained in the lower part of cultivation layers. In this study, the most frequently occurring arsenic (As) contamination was selected to study in agricultural land nearby an abandoned metal mining site. We applied separation technologies considering the differences in the physical characteristics of soil particles (particle size, density, magnetic properties, hydrophobicity, etc.). Based on physical and chemical properties of arsenic (As) containing particles in agricultural lands nearby mining sites, we applied sieve separation, specific gravity separation, magnetic separation, and flotation separation to remove arsenic (As)-containing particles in the contaminated soil. Results of this study show that the removal efficiency of arsenic (As) were higher in the order of the magnetic separation, flotation separation, specific gravity separation and sieve separation.

석탄광산 배수슬러지의 연탄첨가물로서의 타당성 연구

오세강,박찬오,곽용완,이영재,이현주,심연식,권현호,이재영,Oh, Sae-Gang,Park, Chan-Ho,Kwak, Yong-Wan,Lee, Young-Jae,Lee, Hyun-Ju,Shim, Yon-Sik,Kwon, Hyun-Ho,Lee, Jai-Young 한국지하수토양환경학회 2010 지하수토양환경 Vol.15 No.6

Possibility of the usage of sludge generated in coal mine drainage treatments as a briquette additive was investigated by the combination of industrial, elemental, and combustion experiments. A series of briquettes having 2% and 6% of sludge were used for the experiments. Compared to the control sample, our results show that all experimental values for the briquettes are very similar. In particular, it is worthy to note that there is no obvious difference in calorific values for the briquettes containing 2% or 6% of sludge. The calorific values are 4,250~4,360 kcal/kg, 4,240~4,250 kcal/kg, 4,180~4,210 kcal/kg, and 4,270~4,360 kcal/kg for the control sample, briquette containing 6% of Hambaek sludge, briquette containing 6% of Hamtae sludge, and briquette containing 2% of Hambaek sludge, respectively. Results of ash fusion temperature show that the temperature is greater than $1,550^{\circ}C$ for the control sample. However, the temperature for the briquettes with 6% of Hambaek sludge and 2% of Hambaek or Hamtae sludge is $1,510^{\circ}C$. For a briquette containing 6% of Hamtae sludge, the temperature of ash fusion is $1,530^{\circ}C$. After combustion, environmental impacts of the briquettes with sludge were tested. Little environmental influence was observed for the combusted briquettes with sludge.

폐자원(폐석회, 굴패각, 바닥재)을 이용한 토양 중화제 개발 연구

오승진,조미현,박찬오,정문호,이재영,Oh, SeungJin,Cho, Mihyeon,Park, Chan-O,Jung, Moon-Ho,Lee, Jai-Young 한국지하수토양환경학회 2012 지하수토양환경 Vol.17 No.6

Korea shows the soil pH is 5.8 ~ 6.2 by many factors including the geological structure and climate condition. There is known as the cause for soil acidification by weathering of the mineral, excessive use of the chemical fertilizer, and extensively diffused acid rain. The purpose of research is environmentally-friendly material neutralization technology development utilizing the waste resources against by acid soil. The experiment analyze the physico-chemical property of the acid soil and waste resource materials (waste lime, oyster shell, bottom ash). The Batch-Test was performed under 3 stage. As a result, the acid soil showed up acid soil about 3.19. And waste lime, oyster, bottom ash showed the alkalinity with 9.62, 10.08, 9.17. In case of 1 batch-test experimental result, waste lime and oyster shell, the alkalinity was shown over 7.5 and the good efficiency was showed, on the other hands, the bottom ash showed the pH 4 the neutralization efficiency which is low. waste resource materials to be applied to 2 steps was chosen as the waste lime except the bottom ash and oyster. In 2 step batch-test experiment, it was exposed to be the most appropriate in case of doing the combination ratio of the waste lime and oyster shell with 9 : 1. It was exposed to be efficient most in the effeciency and aspect of economical efficiency combination ratio of the soil and materials was 9.6 : 0.6 with 3 step batch-test experimental result.

라이시미터를 이용한 중화처리된 산성화경사지의 계절별 pH 용탈특성 평가

오승진(Seungjin Oh),오민아(Minah Oh),박찬오(Chan-O Park),정문호(Munho Jung),이재영(Jai-Young Lee) 한국지반신소재학회 2015 한국지반신소재학회 논문집 Vol.14 No.4

우리나라의 지형은 약 70% 이상이 산악지역으로 형성되어 있으며 평균 pH는 4 ~ 5로 산성화 정도가 심각한 수준이다. 현재 국내에는 약 1,000여개의 휴‧폐광된 많은 금속광산이 오염 방지시설이나 처리시설이 갖춰지지 않은 채 중금속을 함유한 광미나 폐석이 장기간 환경 중에 노출되어 왔으며, 지속적인 관리 및 환경오염에 대한 모니터링이 미흡한 실정이다. 대부분의 휴‧폐광산은 산림지역에 밀집하여 있어 경사지면으로 이루어진 곳이 많다. 경사지에서의 강우에 의한 토양유실은 작물의 생산성과 함께 수계의 부영양화 등에도 영향을 미치며 이로 인한 2차 오염원으로 발전할 수 있어 심각한 수준의 환경문제를 야기할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 실제 산성화경사지와 유사한 조건의 라이시미터를 조성하고 과거 기 수행된 연구의 산출물인 폐자원을 활용한 중화제를 이용하여 중화처리를 실시한 후, 계절별 특성에 따라 인공강우를 살포하여 토양과 유출수의 pH 용탈에 따른 2차 환경오염 여부를 가늠하고 중화처리 후 식물식재 방안을 모색하고자 한다. 실험은 산성토양만을 충진한 대조군과 중화처리를 실시한 실험구 1, 중화처리 후 식물식재를 조성한 실험구 2로 구성하였다. 실험결과, 모든 계절에서 중화처리를 실시한 실험구 1, 2가 낮은 pH 용탈결과를 나타내었으며, 특히 실험구 2에서는 pH 용탈률이 가장 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 강우강도와 강우빈도 등 계절별 특성에 따른 pH 용탈은 큰 영향이 없는 것으로 나타났다. Korean territories has formed about 70% of mountainous areas that have acidified serious level to average pH 4-5. There are a number of abandoned metal mines about 1,000 in Korea. However, mine tailings and waste rock included heavy metals are exposed to long-term environment without prevention facility or treatment system. Thus, ongoing management and monitoring of soil environment are required. Most of abandoned mine scattered in forest areas of slopes. Soil erosion due to continuous rainfall in the slopy areas can cause the secondary pollution by the influence eutrophication of water system and the productivity loss of the plant. Therefore, this study would like to estimate pH leaching rate by artificial rainfall using waste neutralization-agent in lysimeter. Moreover, the potentially of secondary pollution related to precipitation is figured out through the experiments, and the optimal planting methods would examinate after neutralizing treatment in soil. Experiments composed three kinds of lysimeter; lysimeter 1 had filled only acidic soil, lysimeter 2 had neutralized soil, and lysimeter 3 had planting plants after neutralized soil. In the results, lysimeter 2 showed the lowest pH leaching, and there is not specific relativity with pH leaching of the seasonal characteristics.

가학광산 주변 중금속 함유 토양입자의 이화학적·광물학적 특성연구

이충현,이선용,박찬오,김종원,이상환,박미정,정문영,이영재,Lee, Choong Hyun,Lee, Seon Yong,Park, Chan Oh,Kim, Jong Won,Lee, Sang Hwan,Park, Mi Jeong,Jung, Moon Young,Lee, Young Jae 한국지하수토양환경학회 2015 지하수토양환경 Vol.20 No.4

Soil samples collected in an area of Gahak Mine were investigated for the characterization of mineralogical and physicochemical properties of contaminants in soils. It is found that soils in the study area are contaminated by lead (Pb), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), in which their concentrations are 595.3 mg/kg, 184.9 mg/kg, 712.8 mg/kg, and 10.64 mg/kg, respectively. All the concentrations exceed the concern criteria of Korean standard. Upon distribution patterns of metals identified by the sequential extraction procedure, our results show that more than 50% of metals are found as a residual type, and 30% are accounted for the association of Fe/Mn oxides. Interestingly, XRD results show that minium (Pb₃O₄) and cuprite (Cu₂O) are identified in the soil samples, suggesting that the sources of the contaminants for Pb and Cu are these minerals. In SEM images, tens of µm of Pb oxides and Pb silicate-minerals are observed. We, therefore, note that the contamination of metals in the study area results from the direct influx and disturbance of tailings. Our findings indicate that the characterization of physicochemical and mineralogical properties of contaminated soils is a critical factor and plays an important role in optimizing recovery treatments of soils contaminated in mine development areas.

Reclamation of Acid Soil around S. Mine using Waste Materials as Neutralizing Agent

오승진(Seungjin Oh),이명호(Myeong-Ho Lee),오민아(Minah Oh),박찬오(Chan-Oh Park),정문호(Mun-Ho Jung),이재영(Jai-Young Lee) 한국지반신소재학회 2013 한국토목섬유학회 학술발표회 Vol.2013 No.11

The Soil pH is 5.8 ~ 6.2 in Korea because of many factors including the geological structure and climate condition. There is known as the cause for soil acidification by weathering of the mineral, excessive use of the chemical fertilizer, and extensively diffused acid rain. The purpose of research is the advanced neutralization using environmentally-friendly materials as waste resources against by acid soil. the physico-chemical property was analyzed to the acid soil and waste resource materials (waste lime, oyster shell, botton ash). The Batch-Test was performed under 3 stage. As a result, the experimental soil showed up about 3.19. Waste lime, oyster shell, bottom ash showed the alkalinity with 9.62, 10.08, 9.17 respectively. In case of the 1<SUP>st</SUP> Batch-Test experimental result, waste lime and oyster shell, the alkalinity was over 7.5 as good efficiency. On the other hands, the bottom ash showed the pH 4 of the neutralization efficiency which is low. Waste resource materials to be applied to the 2<SUP>nd</SUP> step were chosen as the waste lime and oyster shell except the bottom ash. In the 2<SUP>nd</SUP> Batch-Test, it was exposed to be the most appropriate in case of doing the combination ratio of the waste lime and oyster shell wit 9 : 1. As the economical and effectine aspect, combination ratio of the soil and materials was 9.6 : 0.6 with the 3<SUP>rd</SUP> step Batch-Test experimental result.

활성탄 및 자외선을 이용한 시안 저감 특성 연구

이효은,김영재,박수오,성유현,박찬오,이현주,장민,이영재,Lee, Hyo-Eun,Kim, Young-Jae,Park, Soo-Oh,Sung, Yoo-Hyun,Park, Chan-Oh,Lee, Hyun-Ju,Jang, Min,Lee, Young-Jae 대한자원환경지질학회 2011 자원환경지질 Vol.44 No.6

활성탄과 자외선을 이용한 시안 저감 연구를 위해 다양한 농도조건 및 넓은 pH 범위에서 배치실험을 수행하였다. 활성탄을 이용한 시안흡착은 시안의 초기농도 2 mg/L 이하에서 매우 효율적인 것으로 나타났으며, 시안 초기농도 3 mg/L 이하에서는 pH 7.0 에서의 흡착이 우수하였고, 그 이상의 시안 초기농도 구간에서는 pH 9.0일 경우 흡착량이 많은 것으로 관찰된다. 전체적인 흡착 패턴을 봤을 때, pH 9.0 에서는 시안의 초기농도가 증가함에 따라 흡착이 증가하는 양상을 보이는 반면 pH 7.0 에서는 흡착이 감소하는 양상을 보였다. 이는 활성탄의 반응성이 pH에 따라 변화하고 있음을 시사한다. 시간에 따른 시안의 흡착 결과, 반응 후 초기 30분 동안 빠른 흡착을 보이나 3시간 이내에 급격히 탈착되며, 그 이후로는 흡착이 다시 증가하여 최대 흡착에 이르는 양상을 보이고 있다. 이는 활성탄을 이용한 시안의 초기 흡착모드가 시간에 따라 변화하고 있음을 나타내고 있다. 탈착실험 결과, 활성탄에 흡착된 총 시안 중 최대 1.5%의 탈착을 일으키는 것으로 나타났다. 그밖에 활성탄과 함백탄광슬러지의 혼합물을 이용한 시안흡착은 0.76 mg/g의 낮은 저감효율을 나타냈다. 자외선에 의해서는 최대 96.6%의 매우 효율적인 저감을 보였으며, 시안의 초기농도가 높아질수록 활성탄을 이용한 시안의 저감보다 많은 양의 시안을 저감시키는 것으로 관찰된다. 이번 실험결과는 활성탄과 자외선 모두가 다양한 조건의 환경에서도 시안저감에 효율적일 수 있다는 것을 보여준다. Sorption of cyanide on granular activated carbon and attenuation of the cyanide by UV-light over a wide range of conditions such as pH and concentration were investigated through batch experiments. Cyanide uptake by activated carbon is much effective at $[CN]_{ini}$ < 2 mg/L. The sorption of cyanide on activated carbon at pH 7.0 is greater than that of pH 9.0. It is found that the ratio of CN uptake to CN in solution increases at pH 9.0 whereas at pH 7.0 the ratio decreases, suggesting that reactivity of activated carbon increases as a function of pH. The sorption of cyanide rapidly increases during the first 30 min, followed by sharp desorption until 3hr, and then the sorption increases and reaches the maximum sorption during the duration of experiments, implying that the sorption mode could be changed through conformational change during the initial stage of the cyanide uptake by activated carbon. Total amount of cyanide desorbed from the activated carbon during the period of desorption experiments is less than 1.5% of total sorbed cyanide, indicative of strong and stable sorption of cyanide on the activated carbon. The sorption with mixture of activated carbon and Ham-Baek sludge shows less effective on the removal of the cyanide. It is noted that UV-light is much effective on the removal of cyanide but also the attenuation is achieved until $[CN]_{tot}$ is up to 10 mg/L. Our findings demonstrate that both activated carbon and UV-light are very effective on the attenuation of cyanide over a wide range of environmental conditions.

식생이 다른 산림유역 유출수의 특성

이호범(Ho Beom Lee),박찬오(Chan Oh Park),신대윤(Dae Yewn Shin) 大韓環境工學會 2007 대한환경공학회지 Vol.29 No.3