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이중 푸리에 급수 분광법 역학코어의 정확도와 계산 효율성 평가
김범석,구명서,손석우 한국기상학회 2023 대기 Vol.33 No.4
The double Fourier series (DFS) spectral dynamical core is evaluated for the two idealized test cases in comparison with the spherical harmonics (SPH) spectral dynamical core. A new approach in calculating the meridional expansion coefficients of DFS, which was recently developed to alleviate a computational error but only applied to the 2D spherical shallow water equation, is also tested. In the 3D deformational tracer transport test, the difference is not conspicuous between SPH and DFS simulations, with a slight outperformance of the new DFS approach in terms of undershooting problem. In the baroclinic wave development test, the DFS-simulated wave pattern is quantitatively similar to the SPH-simulated one at high resolutions, but with a substantially lower computational cost. The new DFS approach does not offer a salient advantage compared to the original DFS while computation cost slightly increases. This result suggests that the current DFS spectral method can be a practical and alternative dynamical core for high-resolution global modeling.
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김범석,김혜련,윤환중 대한암학회 2019 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.51 No.1
Recent remarkable progress in the fields of cancer genomics, computational analysis and drug discovery have changed the whole paradigm in cancer research. So called precision oncology, defined as molecular profiling of tumors to identify druggable alterations, is rapidly developing and waiting for entering the mainstream of cancer research as well as practice [1]. In the era of precision oncology, traditional classification based on organ or pathology do not have clinical meaning anymore. Molecular subtype base on next-generation sequencing (NGS) will lead us to appropriate molecular targeted agents. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is not a specific disease entity, but rather a broad category of diverse tumor types arising from various anatomic structures including oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, larynx and paranasal sinus. HNSCC is highly heterogeneous group of disease arises from the mucosal lining of the upper aerodigestive tract, demonstrates squamous differentiation, and involves older men with a long history of smoking. The prognosis by anatomic subsite quite differ. Human papilloma virus positive oropharyngeal cancer showed very good prognosis while oral cavity cancer had worst prognosis. In the era of NGS, HNSCC become more heterogeneous by mutational status [2-4]. Traditional design of clinical trials has faced big challenge for these heterogeneity and rarity. One solution is umbrella trial. In an umbrella trial, patients with specified cancer type are centrally screened and assigned to one of several molecularly defined subtrials where they receive matched targeted agents [5]. Some novel umbrella trials such as BATTLE trial [6] or MOSCATO trial [7] suggest that such a biomarker driven clinical trial can give appropriate benefit to the patients. To perform an umbrella trial, precise NGS based molecular phenotyping should be practical and working in the level of clinic. To date, there was surprisingly few study deals with the feasibility of molecular phenotyping for umbrella trial. We should answer the questions whether precision oncology is just a theory or whether it is realistically feasible. We should answer how we implement the precision oncology into the clinic and prove the patients’ benefit. In this issue of Cancer Research and Treatment, Lim et al. [8] reported the feasibility of targeted NGS to guide the treatment of HNSCC. The authors tested the feasibility from tissue sample process to analysis of NGS and mRNA expression at the practical level. Mutation profiles were similar with prior reports [2-4] and the authors found several targetable alterations such as PIK3CA, CDKN2A and CCND1. Based on this success, KCSG (Korean Cancer Study Group) Head and Neck Cancer and Esophageal Cancer Committee launched novel umbrella trial: Translational bIomarker Driven UMbrella Project for Head and Neck (TRIUMPH, NCT 03292250), which is the first umbrella trial for HNSCC in the world. TRIUMPH trial is for recurred/metastatic HNSCC, consisting of 5 targeted therapies including phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor BYL719, pan-HER inhibitor poziotinib, fibroblast growth factor receptor inhibitor nintedanib, CDK4/6 inhibitor abemaciclib, andd immune checkpoint inhibitor durvalumab+/– tremelimumab. TRIUMPH trial is investigator-initiated trial, and Korean Cancer Study Group affiliated 37 institutes participate. We think TRIUMPH trial is one small step for head and neck cancer, but hope to be one giant leap for precision oncology in HNSCC.
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김범석 한국부동산연구원 2011 부동산연구 Vol.21 No.1
To analyzes the impact of collapse of the U.S. real estate market on the Asia-Pacific REITs during the sample period of January 7, 2004–December 31, 2010, this paper examines co-integration, causality, and volatility spillover effects between the U.S. and Korean, Japanese, Hong Kong, Singaporean, and Australian REITs. The sample is divided into two sub-periods before and after February 7, 2007 when DJ REIT index hit a record high. The findings indicate that Singapore, Australia, and Hong Kong REIT markets have a strong co-integration relationship regardless of the U.S. subprime mortgage crisis. Co- integration relationship between Japan and Australia and the U.S. became stronger after February 7, 2007. The evidence shows that there is a significant Granger causality from the U.S. to Asia- Pacific REITs before and after February 7, 2007, whereas there is not from Asia-Pacific REITs to the U.S, REITs. In addition, the strong spillover effects of shock and volatility from the U.S. to Asia-Pacific REITs are found before and after February 7, 2007.
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Scale-attentional U-Net for the segmentation of the median nerve in ultrasound images
김범석,유민형,김선우,윤준식,백승준 대한초음파의학회 2022 ULTRASONOGRAPHY Vol.41 No.4
Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop a neural network that accurately and effectively segments the median nerve in ultrasound (US) images. Methods: In total, 1,305 images of the median nerve of 123 normal subjects were used to train and evaluate the model. Four datasets from two measurement regions (wrist and forearm) of the nerve and two US machines were used. The neural network was designed for high accuracy by combining information at multiple scales, as well as for high efficiency to prevent overfitting. The model was designed in two parts (cascaded and factorized convolutions), followed by selfattention over scale and channel features. The precision, recall, dice similarity coefficient (DSC), and Hausdorff distance (HD) were used as performance metrics. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was also assessed. Results: In the wrist datasets, the proposed network achieved 92.7% and 90.3% precision, 92.4% and 89.8% recall, DSCs of 92.3% and 89.7%, HDs of 5.158 and 4.966, and AUCs of 0.9755 and 0.9399 on two machines. In the forearm datasets, 79.3% and 87.8% precision, 76.0% and 85.0% recall, DSCs of 76.1% and 85.8%, HDs of 5.206 and 4.527, and AUCs of 0.8846 and 0.9150 were achieved. In all datasets, the model developed herein achieved better performance in terms of DSC than previous U-Net-based systems. Conclusion: The proposed neural network yields accurate segmentation results to assist clinicians in identifying the median nerve.
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도로터널 내 공기질 측정과 Bag Filter를 이용한 미세먼지 제거 성능평가
김범석,박일건,정동균,이상돈,홍민선,Kim, Beom-Seok,Park, IL-Gun,Jung, Dong-Gyun,Lee, Sang-Don,Hong, Min-Sun 한국터널지하공간학회 2015 한국터널지하공간학회논문집 Vol.17 No.5
수도권에 있는 4개 도로터널을 선정해 오전 7시부터 오전 9시까지 미세먼지와 벤젠을 측정한 결과 PM10은 $111{\sim}268{\mu}g/m^3$으로 연간 대기환경기준치인 $50{\mu}g/m^3$을 2~5배 이상 초과하였고 PM2.5는 $35{\sim}65{\mu}g/m^3$으로 대기환경기준치인 $25{\mu}g/m^3$을 1.5배~2.5배 초과 하였다. 벤젠의 경우 300~500 ppb로 나타나 대기환경기준치인 1.5 ppb의 200~330배 초과하였다. 국내 장대터널에서 4개월 연속 측정한 결과 PM10의 경우 $30{\sim}400{\mu}g/m^3$으로 나타났고 Bag filter를 이용한 PM10의 제거효율은 97% 이상으로 나타나 향후 터널 내 대기질 개선에 기여할 것으로 판단된다. 벤젠의 경우 250~350 ppb로 측정되었다. Air quality was monitored in four roadway tunnels located near Seoul metropolitan area from 7:00AM to 9:00AM. PM10 concentrations range $111{\sim}268{\mu}g/m^3$, which are 2~5 times higher than annual standard $50{\mu}g/m^3$, and PM2.5 concentrations range $35{\sim}65{\mu}g/m^3$, which are 1.5~2.5 times higher than annual standard $25{\mu}g/m^3$. Benzene concentrations range 300~500 ppb, which are 200~300 times higher than 1.5 ppb which is air quality standard. Four-month long term air quality monitoring and test results in one of long tunnels show that PM10 range $30{\sim}400{\mu}g/m^3$ and over 97% of them can be removed by bag filter, effectively. Finally, benzene concentrations range 250~350 ppb.
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위험도 정보를 이용한 Technical Specifications 개선을 위한 정량적 의사결정 방법론 연구
김범석,제무성 한국안전학회 2003 한국안전학회지 Vol.18 No.2
The utility and the nuclear research institutes in korea have conducted research for improving inefficient requirements in technical specifications using the results of probability risk assessments and informations with risk. However, the guidance for reviewing the improved technical specifications has not been developed. The objective of this study is to develop a decision-making framework for investigating and reviewing the technical documents associated with the changes of technical specifications. This study has developed a decision-making framework for reviewing the improvements of the RI-TS(Risk-Informed Technical Specifications). This work may contribute to enhancing both the safety and the efficiency of nuclear power plants by changing Technical Specifications proposed by the utility.
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