Study on Relaxing Effect of Oxybutynin on the Contractile Response of Arterial Smooth Muscle

고재기,백영홍,Ko, Jae-Ki,Baik, Yung-Hong The Korean Society of Pharmacology 1988 대한약리학잡지 Vol.24 No.1

돼지 우관상동백을 적출하여 항경련제인 oxybutynin의 약리작용을 조사하였다. 1. Acetylcholine (ACh)과 KCl은 관상동맥을 수축시켰고 이 수축효과는 용량의존적이었다. ACh의 수축효과는 내피손상표본 $(EC_{50}=0.52\;{\mu}M)$에서 내피표본 $(EC_{50}=0.52\;{\mu}M)$보다 약 2배 강화되있으나 KCl의 수축효과는 양군간에 차이가 없었다. 2. $ACh(1.0\;{\mu}M)$의 수축효과는 oxybutynin과 atropine에 의 하여 용량의존적으로 억제되었고 두 약물의 $(IC_{50}$는 각각 11.0 nM과 0.47 nM로 atropine이 약 23배나 더 예민하였다. 그러나 KCl (35 mM)의 수축효과는 atropine으로는 전혀 영향받지 않았고 oxybutynin으로는 용량의존적으로 억제 되었으며 $(IC_{50}=49.7\;{\mu}M)$이였다. 3. ACh의 용량반응곡선은 oxybutynin $(IC_{50}=11\;nM)$ 및 atropine $(IC_{50}=0.47\;nM)$ 전처 리 하에서 우측으로 평 행 이 동되 있고, KCI의 용량반응곡선은 oxybutynin $(IC_{50}=49.7\;nM)$ 전처리하에서 우측으로 비상경적 이동을 일으켰다. 4. Oxybutynin은 Bay K 8644 $(0.1\;{\mu}M)$의 수축효과를 용량의존적 으로 억제하였고 $(IC_{50}=63.0\;{\mu}M)$이었으며 , histamine $(35\;{\mu}M)$의 수축효과는 oxybutynin의 최대량 $(500\;{\mu}M)$으로 부분억제 (최대 50%)만을 일으켰다. 이상의 성적으로 적출돼지 관상동백에서 내피세포는 ACh에 의한 수축반응에 억제적 영향을 미치며, oxybutynin은 강력한 muscarine receptor 차단작용과 calcium influx 억제작용에 의하여 혈관근 이완을 일으킨다고 추론하였다. Pharmacological actions of an antispasmodic agent, oxybutynin were investigated in the isolated procine coronary arteries. The coronary rings were contracted by acetylcholine (ACh) and KCl in a dose-dependent fashion. The ACh-induced contractions were signifcantly potentiated by removal of endothelium and $EC_{50}=0.52\;{\mu}M$ of intact endothelial rings was about 2 times greater than $EC_{50}=0.28\;{\mu}M$ of rings without the endothelium. These results suggest that the endothelium plays an inhibitory role in ACh-induced contraction. Oxybutynin and atropine inhibited dose-dependently $1.0\;{\mu}M$ ACh-induced contraction and atropine inhibited dose-dependently $1.0\;{\mu}M$ ACh-induced contraction and the $IC_{50s}$ were 11.0 nM and 0.47 nM, respectively. Atropine did not affect 35 mM KCl-induced contraction but oxybutynin inhibited the contraction to the basal tension in a dose-dependent manner. The $IC_{50}$ of oxybutynin on the KCl-induced contraction was $49.7\;{\mu}M$. The dose-response curve to ACh was parallelly shifted to the right by pretreating coronary rings with $IC_{50}$ of atropine (0.47 nM) or oxybutynin (11.0 nM) but the curve to KC1 was rightward shifted in a noncompetitive manner under pretreatment with $IC_{50}$ of oxybutynin $(49.7\;{\mu}M$). Oxybutynin inhibited $0.1\;{\mu}M$ Bay K 8644-induced contraction to the basal tension in a dose dependent manner, but $35\;{\mu}M$ histamine-induced contraction was inhibited to only 50e/e of the original level even in maximal concentration $(5{\times}10^{-4}M)$ of oxybutynin. These results suggest that oxybutynin causes antispasmodic action through sensitive blocking action on muscarinic receptors and inhibitory action on calcium influx in the procine coronary artery.

항궤양제의 일종인 Cimetidine 이 mouse 의 면양적혈구에 대한 면역반응에 미치는 영향

고재기 ( J. K. Ko ),백홍선 ( H. S. Baik ),박재홍 ( J. H. Park ),양형식 ( H. S. Yang ),김대곤 ( D. G. Kim ),안득수 ( D. S. Ahn ) 대한내과학회 1982 대한내과학회지 Vol.25 No.1

동맥근 수축에 대학 Oxybutynin의 이완효과에 관한 연구

고재기(Jae Ki Ko),백영홍(Yung Hong Baik) 대한약리학회 1988 대한약리학잡지 Vol.24 No.1

돼지 우관상동백을 적출하여 항경련제인 oxybutynin의 약리작용을 조사하였다. 1. Acetylcholine (ACh)과 KCl은 관상동맥을 수축시켰고 이 수축효과는 용량의존적이었다. ACh의 수축효과는 내피손상표본 (EC₅₀=0.52μM)에서 내피표본 (EC₅₀=0.52μM)보다 약 2배 강화되있으나 KCl의 수축효과는 양군간에 차이가 없었다. 2. ACh(1.0μM)의 수축효과는 oxybutynin과 atropine에 의 하여 용량의존적으로 억제되었고 두 약물의 (IC₅₀는 각각 11.0 nM과 0.47 nM로 atropine이 약 23배나 더 예민하였다. 그러나 KCl (35 mM)의 수축효과는 atropine으로는 전혀 영향받지 않았고 oxybutynin으로는 용량의존적으로 억제 되었으며 (IC₅₀=49.7μM)이였다. 3. ACh의 용량반응곡선은 oxybutynin (IC₅₀=11 nM) 및 atropine (IC₅₀=0.47 nM) 전처 리 하에서 우측으로 평 행 이 동되 있고, KCI의 용량반응곡선은 oxybutynin (IC₅₀=49.7 nM) 전처리하에서 우측으로 비상경적 이동을 일으켰다. 4. Oxybutynin은 Bay K 8644 (0.1μM)의 수축효과를 용량의존적 으로 억제하였고 (IC₅₀=63.0μM)이었으며 , histamine (35μM)의 수축효과는 oxybutynin의 최대량 (500μM)으로 부분억제 (최대 50%)만을 일으켰다. 이상의 성적으로 적출돼지 관상동백에서 내피세포는 ACh에 의한 수축반응에 억제적 영향을 미치며, oxybutynin은 강력한 muscarine receptor 차단작용과 calcium influx 억제작용에 의하여 혈관근 이완을 일으킨다고 추론하였다. Pharmacological actions of an antispasmodic agent, oxybutynin were investigated in the isolated procine coronary arteries. The coronary rings were contracted by acetylcholine (ACh) and KCl in a dose-dependent fashion. The ACh-induced contractions were signifcantly potentiated by removal of endothelium and EC₅₀=0.52μM of intact endothelial rings was about 2 times greater than EC₅₀=0.28μM of rings without the endothelium. These results suggest that the endothelium plays an inhibitory role in ACh-induced contraction. Oxybutynin and atropine inhibited dose-dependently 1.0μM ACh-induced contraction and atropine inhibited dose-dependently 1.0μM ACh-induced contraction and the IC_50s were 11.0 nM and 0.47 nM, respectively. Atropine did not affect 35 mM KCl-induced contraction but oxybutynin inhibited the contraction to the basal tension in a dose-dependent manner. The IC₅₀ of oxybutynin on the KCl-induced contraction was 49.7μM. The dose-response curve to ACh was parallelly shifted to the right by pretreating coronary rings with IC₅₀ of atropine (0.47 nM) or oxybutynin (11.0 nM) but the curve to KC1 was rightward shifted in a noncompetitive manner under pretreatment with IC₅₀ of oxybutynin (49.7μM). Oxybutynin inhibited 0.1μM Bay K 8644-induced contraction to the basal tension in a dose dependent manner, but 35μM histamine-induced contraction was inhibited to only 50e/e of the original level even in maximal concentration (5 × 10^-4M) of oxybutynin. These results suggest that oxybutynin causes antispasmodic action through sensitive blocking action on muscarinic receptors and inhibitory action on calcium influx in the procine coronary artery.

증례 : 특발성 비정맥 혈전증에 의한 위정맥류 일례

고재기(Jae Kee Ko),안득수(Deuk Soo Ahn) 전북대학교 의과학연구소 1985 全北醫大論文集 Vol.9 No.1

경주 단석산 상수리나무 우점식분 군집구조의 19년간의 변화

고재기(Ko, Jae Ki) 한국습지학회 2018 한국습지학회지 Vol.20 No.3

본 연구는 경주 단석산 상부 남사면의 상수리나무 우점 식분의 군집구조 변화를 파악하기 위하여 고정 방형구 20개를 설치하고 1999년부터 2018년까지 5회의 매목조사를 실시하였다. 밀도는 1999년에 0.33에서 2012년에 0.20으로 감소하였으나 2018년에는 0.24로 다소 증가하였다. 전체 수목의 흉고직경계분포를 보면, 1999년에는 역J자 유사한 모양의 분포를 나타내었으나 그 후 분포가 변화되어 2018년에는 어린 개체들에서는 역J자 모양이, 성숙한 개체들에서는 종 모양이 나타나 전체적으로는 두 곡선이 연결된 형태의 분포를 나타내었다. 흉고직경 13cm이하에서는 수목들의 경쟁이 심하였으나 그 이상에서는 완화되는 것으로 나타났다. 최우점종인 상수리나무의 흉고직경계 분포는 종 모양의 분포를 보였고, 시간이 지남에 따라 흉고직경이 큰 쪽으로 분포가 이동하지만 개체수는 줄어들었고, 신갈나무는 낮은 종 모양의 분포가 점점 높아지는 변화를 보였다. 흉고직경계분포의 변화로 볼 때, 단석산의 상수리나무 식분은 이차천이의 초기 단계에서 중간 단계로 삼림천이가 진행 중인 것으로 판단이 되며, 현재 본 식분의 최우점종은 상수리나무이고 준우점종은 신갈나무이지만, 향후 신갈나무가 최우점종인 식분으로의 천이가 진행될 것으로 예상된다. This study was carried out to clarify changes in community structure of Quercus acutissima dominant stand on the south slope of Mt. Danseok-san with fixed twenty quadrates. Five field surveys were conducted from Aug. 1999 to May 2018. During the period, the density lessened to 0.20 in 2012 comparing with 0.33 in 1999. However recent field study in 2018 showed moderate rising to 0.24. In 1999, the DBH class distribution of all trees formed reverse J curve. However, the reverse J curve was torn down, forming bell curve. In 2018, the curve showed similar shape of reverse J shape on the group of young trees, forming bell shape on the group of mature trees. It reveals that DBH 13cm is on the threshold of trees competition trend where the downtrend in the trees are on uptrend. The most dominant Q. acutissima formed bell curve. The peak of the curve shows the shift to the right of the graph as it gets lower by year.In case of Q. mongolica, shows a change in the shape of a low bell as the distribution curve increases. The oak stand in this study is in the process of changing from the initial stage of the secondary forest succession to the intermediate stage. The most dominant tree is Q. acutissima, and the sub-dominant tree is Q. mongolica in present. Considering the age distribution of the two competing tree species, the succession of this stand is expected to transfer to the Q. mongolica-dominant community.

속립성 (粟粒性) 간결핵 (肝結核)

박재홍,백홍선,고재기,이양근,이중열,안득수 ( jai Hong Park,Hong Sun Baek,Jai Ki Ko,Yang Kun Lee,Jung Yeol Rhee,Deuk Soo Ahn ) 대한소화기학회 1980 대한소화기학회지 Vol.12 No.1

Miliary t:;!'oerculosis of the liver is not often considered as a cause in obscure illness, fever of ur.determir.ed origin or hepatomegaly. A 3p year-old man had suffered from unL.nown fever and chillness, nausea and weight loss for 1p months and had a history of tuberculous pleurisy, confirmed by pleural biopsy in 25 year-old of his age. In local clinic, because of high fever, he had received treatment under the impression of typhoid fever but no improvement vas noted. Physical exaniination on admission revealed that blood pressure was 1ZO/80 mmHg, respira- tion 20/minute, the pulse 100/minute, temperature Rg'C. General appearance was chronic ill and hepato..iegalv and splenomegaly were noted on palpation. On laboratory data showed persistent leukopenia (2,200/mm to 3,400/mm), but bone marrow biopsy was within normal range. Liver scan sliowed hepatospenomegaly and multiple cold area noted. Liver biopsy revealed multiple tubercle with caseous necrotic lesion and large gi,..; cells around the tubercle noted.

증례 : 순환기 ; 제세동기에서 발생한 트위들러 증후군

이경석 ( Kyoung Suk Rhee ),김원호 ( Won Ho Kim ),고재기 ( Jae Ki Ko ) 대한내과학회 2010 대한내과학회지 Vol.78 No.1

Here we describe a case of Twiddler`s syndrome in a patient with an implanted cardioverter-defibrillator who tinkered with the device, shifting it to a vertical position and causing her skin to protrude in various locations. Fluoroscopy was used to determine what direction the device was rotating in during specific body postures and physical activities. Inappropriate shocks were delivered whenever the patient pushed the device down toward her sternum. The syndrome did not recur following training of the patient in a lead-revision procedure that involved shifting the device down vertically toward her lateral side with her hands. (Korean J Med 78:113-116, 2010)

각종 간 , 담도질환에 있어서의 혈청 Variant Alkaline Phosphatase 변화에 대하여

안득수 ( Deuk Soo Ahn ),조병권 ( Byung Kwun Cho ),이양근 ( Yang Keun Lee ),고재기 ( Jae Ki Ko ),이중렬 ( Jung Yeol Rhee ) 대한내과학회 1980 대한내과학회지 Vol.23 No.8

임상화보 : 우심방내 펄럭이는 벌레모양 혈전에 의한 치명적 폐색전증

이선화 ( Sun Hwa Lee ),채제건 ( Jei Keon Chae ),고재기 ( Jae Ki Ko ) 대한내과학회 2008 대한내과학회지 Vol.75 No.3

본태성 고혈압 환자의 치료경과에 따른 뇨중 N - Acetyl - β - D - Glucosaminidase 의 활성도

안중기(Joong Ki Ahn),이승호(Seung Ho Lee),하종영(Chong Young Ha),김원호(Won Ho Kim),고재기(Jae Ki Ko) 대한내과학회 1988 대한내과학회지 Vol.34 No.5

N/A The urinary excretion of N-acetyl-p-glucosamidase (NAG) is increased in patients whose renal function is impaired by a variety of kidney disease, and may provide an index of renal injury. To assess its role in essential hypertension, we measured urinary levels of NAG in 44 subjects with essential hypertension (and no evidence of renal disease), 14 subjects with well controlled hypertension and 41 normal control. NAG values were measured before therapy and after 2 months of antihypertensive therapy. The mean urinary NAG value (±S.E.) for the normo-tensive subjects was 31.6±2.42nmol hr-1mg creatinine-1. The mean value for the untreated hypertensive subjects was 121±9.09 (P<0.01). Systolic blood pressure was directly correlated with NAG levels. The urinary level of NAG in stage II hypertension (146±11, 16 nmol hr-1mg creatinine-1) was higher than that in the normal control (31.6±2.4nmol hr-1mg creatinine-1 , P<0.01), and stage I hypertension (81.8±8.49nmol hr-1mg creatinine-1, P<0.01). Fourteen patients followed for two months attained their ultimate blood pressure reduction within two months (from a mean of 176/110mmHg to one of 138/93mmHg), and therefore the urinary NAG level had changed significantly at two months (from 115,7±15.8 to 75.7±6.55, P<0. 05), These data suggest that NAG is frequently elevated in patients with high blood pressure even though there is no other evidence of renal damage, and that it can be reduced by successful antihypertensive therapy.