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Contamination of Fusarium Mycotoxins in Corn Samples Imported from China
강효중,김진철,서정아,이인원,손동화,Kang, Hyo-Jung,Kim, Jin-Cheol,Seo, Jeong-Ah,Lee, Yin-Won,Son, Dong-Hwa 한국응용생명화학회 1994 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.37 No.5
중국으로부터 수입한 68개의 옥수수시료에서 Fusarium진균독소의 오염을 조사하였다. 수입옥수수에서 eoxynivalenol(DON), 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol(15-ADON), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol(3-ADON) 및 nivalenol(NIV) 등 4가지의 8-ketotrichothecene이 검출되었다. 또한 zearalenone(ZEA), fumonisin $B_1(FB_1)$, fumonisin $B_2(FB_2)$ 그리고 fumonisin $B_3(FB_3)$도 검출되었다. DON, 15-ADON, 3-ADON, ZEA 그리고 $FB_1$이 주요 오염독소였으며, 이들 독소의 평균오염농도는 각각 277, 34, 37, 39, 그리고 123 ng/g이었다. The occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins was surveyed in 68 corn samples imported from China. Four 8-ketotrichothecenes including deoxynivalenol (DON), 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-ADON), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON), and nivalenol (NIV) were detected in corn. In addition, the corn samples were contaminated with zearalenone (ZEA), fumonisin $B_1$, $(FB_1)$, fumonisin $B_2$, and fumonisin $B_3$. DON, 15-ADON, 3-ADON, ZEA, and $FB_1$ were major contaminants in corn, with mean levels of 277, 34, 37, 39, and 123 ng/g, respectively.
중국으로부터 수입한 옥수수에서의 Fusarium 진균독소오염
강효중(Hyo Jung Kang),김진철(Jin Cheol Kim),서장아(Jeong Ah Seo),이인원(Yin Won Lee),손동화(Dong Hwa Son) 한국응용생명화학회 1994 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.37 No.5
The occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins was surveyed in 68 corn samples imported from China. Four 8-ketotrichothecenes including deoxynivalenol (DON), 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-ADON), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON), and nivalenol (NIV) were detected in corn. In addition, the corn samples were contaminated with zearalenone (ZEA), fumonisin B₁, (FB₁), fumonisin B₂, and fumonisin B₃. DON, 15-ADON, 3-ADON, ZEA, and FB₁, were major contaminants in corn, with mean levels of 277, 34, 37, 39, and 123 ng/g, respectively.
2018–2019년 보은지역 대추나무 빗자루병 발생 및 옥시테트라사이클린 수간주사 방제 효과
강효중(Hyo-Jung Kang),최성희(Seonghui Choe),이경희(Kyeong Hee Lee),박희순(Heesoon Park),오하경(Ha Kyung Oh),이성균(Seongkyun Lee),신현만(Hyunman Shin) 한국식물병리학회 2020 식물병연구 Vol.26 No.1
Jujube witches’ broom (JWB) disease is a high-risk plant disease that occurred on and devastated jujube or- chards throughout South Korea in the 1950s. Recently, as the jujube cultivation area has been significantly in- creased nationwide, we investigated the disease in jujube orchards in the Boeun region to obtain basic infor- mation for proactively evaluating the risk of JWB outbreaks from 2017 to 2019. A field trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of the trunk injection of Sungbocycline (a. i. oxytetracycline calcium alkyl trimethyl ammo- nium 17%, OTC). The incidence of JWB disease was very low in Boeun, but it was gradually increased mainly in the area and on the farms where it had occurred previously. The trunk injection with OTC was most effective in the early stages of growth. However, even though the trees were treated with OTC, disease symptoms ap- peared in other healthy branches in severely affected trees. When the tree was first injected with OTC in June, the control efficacy of second injection was higher one month after the first injection than five months. These results suggest that early diagnosis based on various symptoms and early control based on them can be very effective in preventing JWB disease in advance and increasing control efficacy.
충북 보은지역 대추나무의 장님노린재 발생 특성 및 활용 가능한 살충제 선발
이성균,강효중,이경희,오하경,박희순,신현만,Lee, Seongkyun,Kang, Hyo-Jung,Lee, Kyeong Hee,Oh, Ha Kyung,Park, Heesoon,Shin, Hyunman 한국응용곤충학회 2019 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.58 No.3
최근 대추에 장님노린재에 의한 피해가 발생함에 따라 대추재배 농가들이 적절한 방제를 할 수 있도록 시기별 발생 밀도, 우점종 조사, 방제 가능 약제 선발 등의 시험을 수행하였다. 대추과원에서 발생하는 장님노린재의 발생 밀도를 2년에 걸쳐 조사 한 결과, 약충은 5월 상순부터 발생하여 7월 중순까지 발생 하였으며, 성충은 5월 하순부터 발생하여 7월 중하순까지 발생하였다. 또한 대추과원에서 발생하는 애무늬고리장님노린재와 초록장님노린재의 밀도의 경우 45개체 중 40개체가(약 89%) 애무늬고리장님노린재 인 것으로 조사되어 대추나무를 가해하는 장님노린재 중 우점종은 애무늬고리장님노린재 인 것으로 나타났다. 대추과원에서 장님노린재 방제에 활용할 수 있는 살충제에 관한 정보를 제공하기 위해 9종 살충제들을 대상으로 한 야외시험에서 pyrifluquinazon, deltamethrin, diazinon, dinotefuran, etofenprox, fenitrothion, bifenthrin 7종이 80% 이상 살충력을 나타냈다. 따라서 본 시험에서 조사 된 살충제를 이용하여 대추나무 발아 직전부터 방제를 하면 대추과원에서 장님노린재 방제가 가능 할 것으로 판단된다. Jujube tree farms need effective methods of pest control to reduce damage caused by mirid bugs. In this study, we measured the density of mirid bug populations in jujube trees and tested the efficacy of various insecticides. We observed seasonal density patterns, where nymphs were observed from early May to the middle of July; and adults were observed from the end of May to the middle or end of July. Furthermore, we measured the density of two types of mirid bug species, Apolygus spinolae and A. lucorum. Among 45 damaged jujube trees, the dominant species of mirid bugs was A. spinolae (89%). We tested 7 types of insecticides to control mirid bug populations, including pyrifluquinazon, deltamethrin, diazinon, dinotefuran, etofenprox, fenitrothion, and bifenthrin, showing over 80% efficacy. Thus, in this study, we showed that using insecticides was effective for controlling mirid bug populations on jujube trees.
김영상(Young-Sang Kim),강효중(Hyo-Jung Kang),김태일(Tae-Il Kim),정택구(Taek-Gu Jeong),한종우(Jong-Woo Han),김익제(Ik-Jei Kim),남상영(Sang-Young Nam),김기인(Ki-In Kim) (사)한국생물환경조절학회 2015 생물환경조절학회지 Vol.24 No.3
시설재배지에서 수용성 규산칼륨 처리가 수박의 생육, 수량, 양분흡수 및 토양특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 수용성 규산칼륨을 무처리, 1.63mM, 3.25mM, 6.50mM의 4수준을 두어 토양관주 처리하였으며, 처리시기는 착과전 2회와 착과후 4회로 총 6회를 7일 간격으로 처리하였다. 시험후 토양화학성은 수용성 규산처리에 따라 pH, EC 유효인산, 치환성 K, Ca, Mg, NO₃-N은 증가하였으며, 유기물 함량은 대조구와 비슷하였다. 수확기 수박 생육 특성 중 경경, 생중 및 건물중은 수용성규산칼륨 처리에서 두껍고 무거웠으며, 만장과 절수는 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 수박 수확기 잎에 함유되어 있는 무기성분 함량은 수용성 규산칼륨 수준이 높아짐에 따라 N은 감소하고 P와 K는 증가하였으나 Ca과 Mg는 차이가 없었다. 생육단계별 엽록소함량은 착과 전에는 수용성 규산칼륨처리에 따른 차이가 없었으나 착과후 및 수확기로 갈수록 수용성 규산칼륨 수준이 높아짐에 따라 엽색도가 높아지는 경향을 보였다. 흰가루병 발생정도는 대조구에 비하여 수용성 규산칼륨 수준이 높을수록 발생정도가 낮았다. 수박의 과중은 수용성 규산칼륨 처리에 의해 0.1~0.5㎏/개 무거워졌으며, 당도는 0.5~0.6 °Brix 정도 높아졌고, 상품수량은 대조구에 비하여 2~4% 증수되었다. 이상의 결과 시설수박 재배지에 수용성 규산칼륨 처리는 양분흡수 증가, 수박 상품수량증가 및 흰가루병 발생 억제로 시설 수박재배에 친환경적인 방법으로 안정생산에 활용할 수 있으리라 본다. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of soluble potassium silicate by soil drenching application on watermelon growth, yield, and nutrient uptake. The potassium silicate rates were control (No potassium silicate), 1.63mM, 3.25mM, 6.50mM. The potassium silicate were treated 6 times (twice before fruit forming and 4 times after fruit forming per 7 day. Soil chemical properties, such as soil pH, EC, available phosphorus and silicate, exchangeable K, nitrate-N levels were increased after potassium silicate treatment, while the concentrations of soil organic matter, exchangeable Ca and Mg were similar to control. The growth characteristics of watermelon, such as stem diameter, fresh and dry weight of watermelon at harvest were thicker and heavier for increased potassium silicate treatment than the control, while number of node, and plant length were same for all treatments. With increased potassium silicate treatment, nutrient concentrations, such as P and K in the watermelon leaf at harvest were increased, N concentration in the leaf was decreased, and Ca and Mg concentrations in the leaf were same. Chlorophyll content was increased with increased potassium silicate application. The occurrence of powdery mildew was lower for the potassium silicate treatments than the control. Fresh watermelon weight for the potassium silicate treatments was 0.1 to 0.5㎏ per watermelon heavier than the control, sugar content was 0.5 to 0.6°Brix higher than control, and merchantable watermelon was 2 to 4% increased compared to the control. These results suggest that potassium silicate application by soil drenching method in the greenhouse can improve watermelon nutrient uptake, merchantable watermelon and suppress the occurrence of powdery mildew.