부정부패 속에 썩어가는 북한군대

김영림 북한연구소 1999 北韓 Vol.- No.329

북한사회의 변화와 그 전망

김영림 한국사회학회 2001 한국사회학회 심포지움 논문집 Vol.- No.-

Pregnancy outcome of women inadvertently exposed to midazolam during early pregnancy: A prospective cohort study

김영림,윤순정,이영일,김영지,김예지,최준식,안현경,곽동욱,한유정,이시원,김민형,정진훈,류현미,김문영,한정열 대한산부인과학회 2012 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.98 No.-

We aimed to study the pregnancy outcome of women inadvertently exposed to midazolam during the first trimester of pregnancy. In a prospective cohort study, 124 women inadvertently exposed to midazolam during the first trimester of pregnancy and an age- and gravidity-matched control group were enrolled between January 2000 and December 2011 at Korean Motherisk Prgram, a teratogen information services. Study outcomes were gestational age at birth, major congenital malformations, birth weight. Fetal outcomes were evaluated in 95 women inadvertently exposed to midazolam during the first trimester of pregnancy and in 194 control subjects. Newborns were examined at birth by neonatologist and by imaging studies if any suspicious abnormality were noted. In midazolam exposed group, pregnancy course included 95 births (76.6%), 7 spontaneous abortions (5.6%), 1 IUFD (.8%) 1 voluntary abortion (.8%), 4 ongoing pregnancy (3.2%) and 16 cases were lost to follow-up(12.9%). Pregnancy outcomes were evaluated in 103 women inadvertently to midazolam and in an age-and gravidity matched 206 control subjects. Median gestational age at exposure of midazolam was 4.2 (range: 2.0-11)weeks. There is a significant statistical difference of birth weight between exposed group and control group, 3,154±384 and 3,293±513 in respectively (p=0.02) However, there is no difference in other adverse outcomes, including spontaneous abortion, gestational age at birth, low birth weight, preterm birth.(p>0.05) There was 2 (2.1%) major congenital malformations in the exposed group and 3 (1.5%) in the control group (p=0.73) There is statistically significant lower birth weight in the midazolam exposed group than control. However, there is not associated with major congenital malformations and other adverse pregnancy outcomes after the exposure of midazolam in early pregnancy.

태국 기행

김영림 한국외국어대학교 학생통역협회 1997 외대통역협회지 Vol.14 No.1

여뀌바늘과 금은화로부터 flavonoid의 분리

김영림,김영미,김진웅 서울대학교 1997 藥學論文集 Vol.22 No.1

창조적 인간교육의 과제 / 제 1 부 : 초등교육에서 창조적 인간교육의 과제 ; 발제 ( 중국측 ) : 중국조선족소학교에서의 창조적 인간교육의 그 과제

김영림 창조교육학회 1999 창조적 인간교육의 과제 Vol.- No.-

정상교합자 설측치관형태 및 설측치열궁형태에 관한 연구

김영림,경희문,성재현 대한치과교정학회 1995 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.25 No.2

한국인에게 적합한 설측교정장치와 이상적인 설측 치열궁 아치와이어 제작의 기초자료를 얻기위하여 정상교합자 경석고 모형 30개를 재료로 하여 설측치관의 형태와 후지타 설측 브라켓을 위치시킨 모형에서 설측치열궁 형태를 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 각 치아에 대한 치관의 근원심 경사도와 설면의 순설측 치관 경사도의 평균치를 얻었다. 각 치아에 대한 브라켙 위치에서 설면의 수평 및 수직적 형태를 얻은 결과 대구치, 소구치, 견치는 상하악이 비슷한 모양을 보였으며, 상하악의 중절치와 측절치도 비슷한 모양을 보여 각각 브라켓 기저부를 공유할 수 있을 것으로 나타났다. 브라켙 부착위치에서의 평균 설측치열궁 형태를 얻은 결과, 그 형태는 전치부는 반원형이며 견치와 소구치 사이에 강한 오프셑 밴드가 있는 버섯 형태로서 소구치간 및 제2소구치 와 대구치간에도 오프셑 밴드가 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 남녀간의 평균 설측치열궁 형태는 상악은 거의 일치하였고 하악은 여자가 남자보다 다소 작은 형태를 나타내었다. The purpose of this study was to obtain the lingual morphology(angulation, inclination, horizontal and vertical contour) and lingual arch form of Korean adult with normal occlusion in order to provide the basic datas for lingual brackets and ideal lingual archwire. Dental models of thirty person with normal occlusion(Male : 16, Female : 14) were selected for this study. Crown angulation, inclination, horizontal and vertical contour of lingual surfaces from Lt. 1st molar to Rt lst molar of both upper and lower arch were measured. Lingual archform was studied from copied papers of dental models attached Fujita lingual bracket. The results of this study were summarized as follows : 1. The average angulation and inclination of lingual surfaces of all tooth types for Korean adults with normal occlusion were obtained. 2. The average horizontal and vertical contour of lingual surfaces of all tooth types were obtained. 3. There were similar figures in horizontal and vertical contour of lingual surfaces between upper and lower molars, upper and lower premolars, upper and lower canines, upper central and lateral incisors and lower central and lateeral incisors respectively. It was possible that the use of those contour of bracket bases in common. 4. The average of lingual archform was provided, which was arch-shaped from canine to canine, linear along the premolars and molars with small offset bend between them, and where canines and premolars met, it was bent in a crank-shape. 5. There was no difference between lingual archform of male and that of female, although lingual arcform of female was smaller than that of male in lower arch.

석고 다이에 대한 다이 강화제의 영향

김영림,박주미,송광엽,Kim, Young-Rim,Park, Ju-Mi,Song, Kwang-Yeob 대한치과보철학회 2007 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.45 No.4

Statement of problem: Die materials require abrasion resistance, dimensional stability with time, and high surface wettability for adequate material properties. Wear of gypsum materials is a significant problem in the fabrication of accurately fitting cast prosthetic devices. So It has been recommended that the use of die hardener before carving or burnishing of the wax pattern. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the abrasion resistance and surface microhardness(Knoop) with 3 commonly used gypsum die materials(MG Crystal Rock, Super plumstone, GC $FUJIROCK^{(R)}$ EP) with and without the application of 2 die hardeners. Material and methods: Three die materials were evaluated for abrasion resistance and surface microhardness after application of 2 die hardeners(Die hardener and Stone die & plaster hardener). Thirty specimens of each gypsum material were fabricated using an impression of resin die(Pattern resin; GC Corporation, Japan) with 1-mm high ridges, sloped 90 degrees. Gypsum materials were mixed according to manufacturer's recommendations and allowed to set 24 hours before coating. Specimens were arbitrary assigned to 1 of 3 treatment subgroups (n=10/subgroup): no treatment(control), coated with Die hardener, and coated with Stone die & plaster hardener. Abrasion resistance(measured by weight loss) was evaluated using device in 50g mass perpendicular to the ridges. Knoop hardness was determined by loading each specimen face 5 times for 15 seconds with a force of 50g. A scanning electron microscope was used to evaluate the surface of specimens in each treatment subgroup. Conclusions: The obtained results were as follows: 1. 3 types of die stone evaluated in this study did not show significant differences in surface hardness and abrasive resistance(P<.05). 2. In the abrasive resistance test, there were no significant differences between GC $FUJIROCK^{(R)}$ EP and MG Crystal Rock with or without 2 die hardener(P<.05). 3. Super plumstone treated with Stone die & plaster hardener showed increased wear loss(P<.05) 4. Die hardener coatings used in this study decreased the surface hardness of the gypsum material(P<.05).

합격을 위해서가 아닌 교사가 되기 위해 달립시다!

김영림 대구대학교 국어교육과 2010 나랏말쌈 Vol.25 No.-

유전자원 특허에 관한 주요 쟁점 및 TRIPs협정의 개선방안

김영림,이양기,박지은 한국무역연구원 2020 무역연구 Vol.16 No.5

Purpose With the development of bio-technology, the market size of the bio-industy has been steadily growing, and Genetic Resouce patents are also increasing in important. TRIPs Agreement is the only binding international norm in relation to the intellectual property right of Genetic Resource patent. The purpose of this paper is to discuss a revision TRIPs Agreement regarding patent on Genetic Resource to the extent that the parties do not suffer damage. Design/Methodology/Approach We used the secondary data such as convention article, report and news article. Especially, we looked into the TRIPs Agreement and Nagoya Protocol. This is because the two agreements are representative of the norms related patent on Genetic Resource. In order to analyze the issue regarding patent on Genetic Resource, we also examined cases of dispute. Findings We propose to revise three things in relation to the patent on Genetic Resource. Three things are to place PIC(Prior Informed Consent) in TRIPs Agreement, to clear the scope of patent exclusions, and to place Exhaustion Doctrine in TRIPs Agreement. Research Implications Nagoya protocol and TRIPs Agreement has its limitations. We would like to acknowledge the limitation of each norm and revise it to a norm that is satisfactory to all parties concerned with genetic resources.