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Le, Duc Thang,Jeon, Chang Jun,Lee, Kui Woong,Jeong, Young Hun,Yun, Ji Sun,Yoon, Dae Ho,Cho, Jeong Ho Elsevier 2015 Journal of alloys and compounds Vol.650 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A liquid flow deposition (LFD) technique was successfully applied to grow (Ni<SUB>0.1</SUB>Mn<SUB>2.9−<I>x</I> </SUB>Co<SUB> <I>x</I> </SUB>)O<SUB>4</SUB> (NMC<I>x</I>, <I>x</I> = 0.015, 0.027, 0.048, 0.065, 0.082, 0.097, 0.119 and 0.145) thin films onto Si wafer substrates at a low temperature (50 °C). The microstructure of the films was studied by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis results showed that heat treatment at a temperature of 400 °C leads to the formation of a cubic spinel AB<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> structure in the films. Measurements of the electrical resistance–temperature (<I>R–T</I>) dependence in a temperature range of 293–373 K revealed a very good negative temperature coefficient of resistance (NTC) characteristic for all annealed films. Films with a very low resistivity (<I>ρ</I>) of 613–831 Ω cm were obtained from solutions when <I>x</I> was varied in a range of 0.065–0.082, without substantially affecting the sensitivity. The difference in the electrical properties of the films was attributed to a valence state shift of manganese in accordance with the Co dopant concentration and this was also confirmed by an X–ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. On the basis of their high NTC characteristic, low processing temperature, and very low specific resistivity, the NMC<I>x</I> thin films have a promising application in the integrated microbolometer devices.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Highly quality (Ni,Co,Mn)<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> thin films were grown using liquid flow deposited (LFD) technique. </LI> <LI> The formation of a cubic spinel AB<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> structure was found in all films after heat treatment at 400 °C. </LI> <LI> Films possess technical parameters of a <I>TCR</I> <SUB> <I>300</I> </SUB> larger than −2.43 and very low resistivity, i.e., <I>ρ</I> <SUB> <I>300</I> </SUB> = 613–831 Ω cm. </LI> <LI> Liquid flow deposited (Ni,Mn,Co)<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> thin films are very potential for microbolometer applications. </LI> </UL> </P>
흰쥐 Kupffer 세포에 대한 Propofol의 작용
박세훈,지대림,성언기,김희선,송인환,박희영,김준수,이덕희,박대팔 대한마취과학회 2002 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.43 No.4
Background: Propofol has an antioxidant capacity and can be used for ischemia-reperfusion injury of the liver. However, the effects of propofol on the Kupffer cells have not been establisked. Methods: Kupffer cells were isolated and cultured from male Sprague-Dawley rats. The effects of propofol on the Kupffer cells were evaluated by a phagocytosis assay, TNF-α gene expression, and superoxide anion release after administering propofol in different concentrations on the cultured Kuprrer cells. Results: The latex bead phagocytosis by the Kupffer cells was suppressed when the Kupffer cells were exposed to propofol irrespective of concentrations. Higher propofol concentrations decreased the loss of Kupffer cells after latex bead phagocytosis. Propofol induced TNF-α mRNA expression in the Kupffer cells, but the mRNA expression level after 50㎍/ml of propofol decreased. The pattern of TNF-α mRNA expression induced by propofol was different to that induced by LPS: TNF-α mRNA was expressed continuously in the propofol-treated cells until 16 hours after exposure to propofol, whereas the level of TNF-α mRNA expression induced by LPS was evident after 2 hours and was not found thereafter. TNF-α production after propofol treatment was not higher than that of the control. Formazan presipitation did not show any qualitative differences between cells untreated or treated with propofol concentrations of 0.5, 5.0, and 50 ㎍/ml. Conclusions: These results showed that propofol might inhibit Kupffer cells. This suggests that propofol and be used for patients with ischemia-reperfusion injury of the liver. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2002; 43: 475~484)
A Study on Load Vibration Control in Crane Operating
Nhat Binh Le,Dong Hun Lee,Tae Wan Kim,Young Bok Kim 한국항해항만학회 2017 한국항해항만학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.추계
In the offshore crane system, the requirements on the operating safety are extremely high due to many external factors. This paper describes a model for studying the dynamic behavior of the offshore crane system. The obtained model allows to evaluate the fluctuations of the load arising from the elasticity of the rope. Especially, in this paper, the authors design control system in which just winch rotation angle and rope tension are used without load position information. The controller design based on input-output feedback linearization theory is presented which can handle the effect of the elasticity of the rope and track the load target trajectory input. Besides that, a full order observer is designed to estimate unknown states. Finally, By the experiment results, the effectiveness of proposed control method is evaluated and verified.
Minh-Quy Le,Young-Hun Chae,Seock-Sam Kim 한국트라이볼로지학회 2003 한국트라이볼로지학회 학술대회 Vol.36 No.-
The wear behavior of single layer Al₂O₃-30% ZrO₂, double layer Al₂O₃-30% ZrO₂/Ni-Cr, and a single Al₂O₃-13% TiO₂ coating deposited on low carbon steel by plasma spraying was investigated under lubricated condition with various normal loads. The plastic deformation, detachment and pullout of splats were involved in the wear process of studied coatings under tested conditions. In addition, crack propagation was found in Al₂O₃-13% TiO₂ under the loads of 70 and 100N and in Al₂O₃-30% ZrO₂/Ni-Cr under the load of 130N. The bonding coating contributed to improve wear resistance of coating only for the high load of 130N. Under the normal loads of 70 and 100 N, the wear behaviors of Al₂O₃-30% ZrO₂ with and without interlayer were similar and they exhibited a small difference in wear rates. While increasing the normal loads, the wear rates of Al₂O₃-30% ZrO₂ with and without interlayer slightly increased and the wear rate of Al₂O₃-13% TiO₂ increased rapidly.
이나영(Na-Young Le),최효상(Hyo-Sang Choi),정수복(Soo-Bok Jeong),이상일(Sang-ll Lee),남긍현(Gueng-Hyun Nam),임성훈(Sung-Hun Lim) 한국조명·전기설비학회 2006 한국조명·전기설비학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.5월
Superconducting fault current(SFCLs) are expected to improve not only reliability but also stability of real power systems. The analysis on the single line-to-ground fault current of the integrated three phase flux-lock type SFCL, which consists of three flux-lock reactor wound on an iron core in each single phase and three YBCO thin films, was investigated in current limiting operating characteristics. We compared additive polarity winding with the subtractive one in the flux lock reactor. Its turns ratio each phase between the primary and the secondary coils is 63:42. When a single line-to-ground fault occurred in any phase, the peak value of line current in the fault phase of the additive polarity winding increased up to 31.44[A] during first-half cycle. On the other hand, the peak value in the subtractive polarity winding increased up to 81.77[A] under the same conditions. This is because the current flow between the primary and the secondary windings becomes to be additive or subtractive in each winding direction. We confirmed that the current limiting behavior in the additive polarity winding was more effective for a single-line-to ground fault.
Sliding Wear Behavior of Plasma Sprayed Zironia Coatingagainst Silicon Carbide Ceramic Ball
Thoung Hien Le,Young-Hun Chae(채영훈),Seock Sam Kim(김석삼),Bupmin Kim(김법민),Sang-bo Yoon(윤상보) 한국트라이볼로지학회 2004 한국트라이볼로지학회 학술대회 Vol.39 No.-
The sliding wear behavior of ZrO₂-22wt%MgO (MZ) and ZrO₂-8wt%Y₂O₃(YZ) deposited on a casting aluminum alloy with bond layer (NiCrCoAlY) by plasma spray against an SiC ball was investigated under dry test conditions at room temperature. At all load conditions, the wear mechanisms of the MZ and the YZ coatings were almost the same. The wear mechanisms involved the forming of a smooth film by material transferred on the sliding surface and pullout. The wear rate of the MZ coating was less than that of the YZ coating. With an increase normal load the wear rate of the studied coatings increased. The SEM was used to examine the sliding surfaces and elucidate likely wear mechanisms. The EDX analysis of the worn surface indicated that material transfer was occurred from the SiC ball to the disk. It was suggested that the material transfer played an important role in the wear performance.
Park, SungJun,Park, Hye Hun,Ko, Young-Seon,Lee, Su Jin,Le, The Son,Woo, Kyoungja,Ko, GwangPyo Elsevier 2017 Science of the Total Environment Vol.609 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have long been considered a powerful disinfectant for controlling pathogenic microorganisms. However, AgNPs might have adverse effects on both human health and our ecosystems due to their potential cytotoxicity and the difficulty in recovering them after their release into the environment. In this study, we characterized the antimicrobial efficacy caused by a novel micrometer-sized magnetic hybrid colloid (MHC) containing 7, 15, or 30nm sized monodispersed AgNPs (AgNP-MHCs), which can be re-collected from the environment using simple procedures, such as a magnet or centrifugation. We evaluated the antibacterial capabilities of AgNP-MHCs against target bacteria (<I>Legionella pneumophila, Bacillus subtilis</I>, <I>Escherichia coli</I>, and <I>Clostridium perfringens</I>) and compared them with the inactivation efficacy of AgNPs ~30nm in diameter (nAg30s). Among the different AgNP-MHCs composites evaluated, Ag30-MHCs had the greatest antibacterial effect. After 1h of exposure, more than a 4-log<SUB>10</SUB> reduction of <I>L. pneumophila</I> and 6-log<SUB>10</SUB> reduction of <I>B. subtilis</I> was achieved by 4.6×10<SUP>9</SUP> particles/mL of Ag30-MHCs and Ag30-MHC-Ls. In addition, Ag30-MHC-Ls maintained their strong antibacterial capabilities under anaerobic conditions. Our results indicate that AgNP-MHCs can be considered excellent tools for controlling waterborne bacterial pathogens, with a minimal risk of release into the environment.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The use of AgNPs for controlling pathogens is hindered by several major obstacles. </LI> <LI> AgNP-MHCs can prevent the aggregation of AgNPs and be re-collected easily after use. </LI> <LI> AgNP-MHCs showed great antibacterial capabilities in various environmental conditions. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>