http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
김진모,김진군,전영욱,이정은,최영창,이은영 한국농업교육학회 2008 농업교육과 인적자원개발 Vol.40 No.2
이 연구의 목적은 지역4-H조직의 내적 적합성을 탐색하고 이를 기술하는데 있었다. 2006년 8월부터 10월까지 약 3개월 동안 지역4-H후원회 회장 및 임원진 3명, 지역4-H연맹 회장 1명, 학교4-H 지도교사 4명, 지역의 영농4-H회장 1명, 시·군 농업기술센터 소장 및 4-H담당자 9명을 주요 연구 참가자로 하여 심층면담을 통해 자료를 수집하였다. 수집한 자료를 분석한 결과는 다음과 같았다. 첫째, 지역4-H조직 관련자들이 인식하는 지역4-H조직의 주요성과 격차로, ① 민간4-H조직을 중심으로 한 자율적이고 독립적인 활동 부재, ② 지역4-H조직 간 다양한 종류의 협력 부재, ③ 지역사회에서 4-H활동에 대한 가치 인식 부족이 나타났다. 둘째, 지역4-H조직의 핵심 과업으로 ① 4-H의 가치 및 이념에 부합하고, 지역의 실정에 맞는 프로그램 확보, ② 지역4-H 조직 간 협력적 네트워크 확립, ③ 4-H에 대한 지역사회의 관심 및 지지 확보가 나타났다. 셋째, 지역4-H조직의 내적 부적합성으로는 ① 인원 확보의 어려움과 핵심과업에 대한 전문성 결여, ② 관료화되고 경직된 낡은 문화, ③ 조직적 자원의 축소 및 조직 간 낮은 네트워크의 수준이 도출되었다. The purpose of this study was to describe and understand internal fit in Local 4-H Organization. The main participants of this study were one leader and two members of Local 4-H Society for the support, one leader of Local 4-H Association, four School 4-H teacher, one leader of Local farm 4-H, 9 local agricultural extension workers. The data were collected through in-depth interview with them from August, 2006 to October, 2006. The Results from this study were as follow: 1. Key performance gaps of local 4-H organizations were identified: ① lack of local 4-H based activities, ② lack of various types of partnership between local 4-H organizations, ③ lack of understanding value of 4-H activities in the communities. 2. Key tasks of local 4-H organizations were identified: ① developing local 4-H programs based on 4-H's values and ideas, ② establishing the cooperative networks among local 4-H organizations, ③ ensuring the interest and support about 4-H in the communities. 3. Internal misalignments of local 4-H organizations were identified: ① difference of recruitment and lack of expertise, ② bureaucratic and rigid cultures, ③ decrease in organizational support and low level of network among organizations.
HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitor Treatment Induces Dysglycemia in Renal Allograft Recipients
Choe, Eun Yeong,Wang, Hye Jin,Kwon, Obin,Cho, Yongin,Huh, Kyu Ha,Kim, Myoung Soo,Kim, Yu Seun,Ahn, Chul Woo,Cha, Bong Soo,Lee, Hyun Chul,Kang, Eun Seok by Lippincott Williams Wilkins 2014 Transplantation Vol.97 No.4
BACKGROUND: Dysglycemia and dyslipidemia are important metabolic complications of organ transplantation. Statins are widely used to control dyslipidemia; however, long-term use of statins is related to diabetes mellitus (DM) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG). The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of statins on the development of dysglycemia (IFG and/or DM) in renal allograft recipients. METHODS: A total of 394 patients without previously known DM or IFG who underwent kidney transplantation were enrolled. Patients were grouped into the two groups according to the use of statin (control, n=149; statin, n=245). The major statins used were fluvastatin (80 mg/d, n=134) and atorvastatin (20 mg/d, n=111). We compared the incidence of IFG or DM during the follow-up period. RESULTS: The incidence of IFG was higher in the statin group than that in the control group (28.6% vs. 8.7%, P<0.001). The incidence of dysglycemia was significantly higher in the statin group (40.0% vs. 15.4%, P=0.001). Time to development of dysglycemia after transplantation was shorter in the statin group than in the control group (38.8±29.7 vs. 47.2±23.3 months, P=0.002). Statin use was associated with an increased risk for dysglycemia after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, hypertension, cholesterol levels, hepatitis C infection, and type of immunosuppressant (hazard ratio=3.08, 95% confidence interval=1.91–4.98). The dysglycemic effect was more profound in the patients who used atorvastatin than in those who used fluvastatin (hazard ratio=2.21, 95% confidence interval=1.02–4.76). CONCLUSION: Statin treatment is associated with an elevation in fasting plasma glucose and in the development of dysglycemia in renal allograft recipients.
A Case of Gabapentin-induced Myoclonus in a Type 2 Diabetic Patient with End-stage Renal Disease
( Eun Yeong Choe ),( Byung Wan Lee ) 대한내과학회 2011 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2011 No.1
Development of myoclonus can be manifestated as a side effect of antiepileptic drugs in subjects with preexisting epilepsy, post-traumatic brain injury, encephalopathy, and focal and multifocal brain lesions. A 69-year-old male showed newly onset severe myoclonus and confusion 2 days after taking 1200 mg of gabapentin. He had end-stage renal disease secondary to type 2 diabetes and was on hemodialysis twice a week. After increasing hemodialyis 3 times a week and discontinuing gabapentin, myoclonus spontaneously resolved. Here we first report a case of myoclonus in a Korean subject with diabetic renal failure. We recommend that administration of gabapentin for diabetic subjects with renal disease should be cautious.
속립성 폐침윤을 보인 갑상선 유두암 (Thyroid Papillary Carcinoma) 1례
최은정 ( Choe Eun Jeong ),김종률 ( Kim Jong Lyul ),이창우 ( Lee Chang U ),최두영 ( Choe Du Yeong ),오연균 ( O Yeon Gyun ),김종덕 ( Kim Jong Deog ),이광만 ( Lee Gwang Man ),박승택 ( Park Seung Taeg ),윤향석 ( Yun Hyang Seog ) 대한소아알레르기호흡기학회 2003 소아알레르기 및 호흡기학회지 Vol.13 No.4
Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid is the most common thyroid cancer in children. It usually occurs in the teenage female and presents as a mass within the thyroid itself. In the great majority of cases the only presenting sign is a neck mass. In a high p