재래종 대파(Allium fistulosum L.)의 생리 활성 평가

이현정,김애정 한국피부과학연구원 2023 아시안뷰티화장품학술지 Vol.21 No.3

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate physiological activities, such as antioxidant activity and enzyme activity, of hot water extract of the four parts (flower, leaf and pseudostem, stem, and root) of traditional Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L.) and then to provide basic data on traditional Welsh onion to support future research. Methods: Four parts of traditional Welsh onion plant were extracted with water heated at 80℃. Antioxidative and enzymatic activities, such as total polyphenol content, total flavonoid content, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline–6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activity, and the inhibitory activity on α-glucosidase, tyrosinase, and elastase enzymes, were measured. Results: Out of the hot water extract of the different parts, Allium fistulosum flower (AFF) extract had the highest content of antioxidants. In the Allium fistulosum leaf and pseudostem (AFLP), Allium fistulosum stem (AFS), and Allium fistulosum root (AFR) extracts, the total polyphenol content and DPPH radical scavenging activity of the root were high, and AFS had high total flavonoid content and ABTS radical scavenging activity. Regarding enzyme activity, α-glucosidase and elastase inhibitory activities were the highest in AFR, and tyrosinase inhibitory activity was the highest in AFS. Conclusion: We confirmed the physiological activity of the hot water extract of four parts of traditional Welsh onion. Our findings provide basic data for research into traditional Welsh onion, and can facilitate its future development as a functional material.

유산균 농도가 돌산갓김치의 항산화효과 및 ACE 저해활성에 미치는 효과

최명락,유은정,임현수 한국생명과학회 2003 생명과학회지 Vol.13 No.1

Starter로 사용하기 위하여 $20^{\circ}C$에서 4일간 발효된 돌산 갓김치에서 미생물을 분리하였다. 이를 starter로 접종하여 $4^{\circ}C$와 $10^{\circ}C$에서 50일간 발효시키면서 발효특성, 항산화활성, ACE 저해활성을 조사하였다. 1 X $10^{10}$ CFU/mL의 접종농도에서 적숙기(pH 4.5)에 도달하는 시간이 $4^{\circ}C$에서는 최고 5.6배 이상, $10^{\circ}C$에서는 5배 단축되었다. 총균수는 starter 접종농도가 높을수록 발효초부터 높은 균수를 유지하였다. 항산화활성도 starter 접종농도가 높을수록 전반적으로 골게 나타났고, 1 X $10^{10}$ CFU/mL의 접종농도에서 $4^{\circ}C$와 $10^{\circ}C$ 각각 최대 67%와 75%를 나타내었다. 따라서 단위 시간당 세포의 생성율($lnX_{max}$/$t_{max}$)과 항산화활성($lnX_{max}$/$t_{max}$)은 비례관계를 가지며, 초기 접종농도가 높을수록 단위 시간 당 항산화활성이 높음을 알 수 있었다. ACE 저해활성도starter의 농도가 높을수록 ACE 저해활성도 놀게 나타났다. 즉, 1 X $10^{10}$ CFU/mL의 접종농도에서 $4^{\circ}C$에서는 52%, $10^{\circ}C$에서는 최대 76%를 나타내었다. 파라서 일정시간당 체포의 생성율($lnX_{max}$/$t_{max}$)이 증가할수록 ACE 저해율 ($P_{max}$/$t_{max}$)도 증가하였으며, 초기 접종농도가 높을수록 단 위 시간당 ACE 저해율이 높았다. The bacterial strain was isolated from the 4th day's fermented Dolsan Leaf Mustard Kimchi(DLMK) at $20^{\circ}C$. It was used as Kimchi starter, and then its physiological activity was investigated for 50 days at $4^{\circ}C$ and $10^{\circ}C$ The physiological activity of DLMK was examined for both antioxidative and Angiotensine Converting Enzyme(ACE) inhibitory activity. In the starter-inoculated DLMK(1 X $10^{10}$ CFU/mL) at 4 and $10^{\circ}C$, the optimal ripening period was more shortend than that of control(without starter) up to about 5.6 and 5 times, respectively. The maximal antioxidative activity in the starter-inoculated DLMK(1 X $10^{10}$ 10 CFU/mL) at 4 and $10^{\circ}C$ were 67% and 75%, respectively. The yield of cell concentration per day($lnX_{max}$/$t_{max}$) and the yield of antioxidative activity per day($P_{max}$/t$t_{max}$) had a linear relationship. Also, the yield of antioxidative activity per day was increased with increasing the concentration of inoculated bacterium. By adding 1 X $10^{10}$ CFU/mL at 4 and $10^{\circ}C$, the ACE inhibitory activity of DLMK was maximal. The rates of inhibiting activities were 52% and 76%, respectively. Consequently, physiological activities were significantly affected by the inoculation concentrations of starter, but bacterium itself was not appeared the physiological activity. We assume that the bacterium metabolizes certain materials in DLMK and released compounds such as glucosinolates or its metabolized forms from DLMK show the antioxidative and ACE inhibitory activity.

참취 추출물의 생리활성 및 암세포 증식 억제효과

조자용 ( Ja Yong Cho ),김영선 ( Young Seon Kim ),박윤점 ( Yun Jum Park ),배종향 ( Jong Hyang Bae ),오대민 ( Dae Min Oh ),김병호 ( Byoung Ho Kim ),허북구 ( Buk Gu Heo ) 원광대학교 생명자원과학연구소 2011 생명자원과학연구 Vol.33 No.1

This study was conducted to gain the basic data on the effective utilization of a perennial plant, Compositae, Korean aster (Aster scaber). We have also examined into the physiological activity of Korean aster extract, and its anti-cancer activity. Total phenolic compound contents in 1,000 mg·L-1 Korean aster extract by hot water were 66.1-106.4 mg·L-1, however, that by ethanol were 45.1-69.4 mg·L-1. Total flavonoid contents in 1,000 mg·L-1 Aster scaber flower hot water extract increased most by 113.8 mg·L-1. DPPH radical scavenging activity (%) in terms of RC50 values decreased extremely in the extract from Aster scaber flower with the hot water by 82.1 mg·L-1, however, that increased most in Korean aster leaves extract with the ethanol by 396.2 mg·L-1. Nitrite radical scavenging activity (% of control) of 1,000 mg/L Aster scaber leaves hot water and ethanol extract were 77.5% and 50.0%, however, those flower hot water and ethanol extract were 81.0% and 60.5%. In 400 mg·L-¹ methanol extract from Korean aster, there were anti-cancer activity, its hyperplasia inhibition activity against lung (Calu-6), colon (HCT-116) and breast cancer (MCF-7) cells were 90.7, 91.4 and 57.8%.

Children with Cardiomyopathy have Active Lifestyles Despite Reporting Disease-Specific Barriers to Physical Activity: A Mixed-Methods Study

Kevin Moncion(Kevin Moncion ),Letizia Gardin(Letizia Gardin ),Jane Lougheed(Jane Lougheed ),Kristi Adamo(Kristi Adamo ),Patricia E. Longmuir(Patricia E. Longmuir ) 사피엔시아 2022 Exercise Medicine Vol.6 No.-

Objectives: This exploratory mixed-methods study explored the barriers to physical activity, daily physical activity and submaximal exercise capacity among children with and at risk for cardiomyopathy and children with atrial septal defects. Methods: The study followed a convergent parallel mixed methodology design. Semi-structured interviews explored physical activity barriers. Seven-day accelerometry assessed moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, and an intermittent cardiopulmonary exercise test measured submaximal exercise capacity. Results: Twenty children, including 5 with cardiomyopathy (n=2 females, 14.2 ± 2.7 years old), 7 who were genotype-positive phenotype-negative for cardiomyopathy (n=5 females, 10.6 ± 3.3 years old) and 8 with atrial septal defects (n=4 females, 9.4 ± 3.8 years old) were recruited. Children with cardiomyopathy reported disease-specific physical activity barriers, while children who were genotype-positive phenotype-negative perceived barriers related to lack of time, parent support or activity motivation. The average daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was less than the recommended 60-minutes/day (n=20, mean 48.1 ± 18.0 minutes). Children with cardiomyopathy participated a median of 141.2 [interquartile range (IQR): 98.8) minutes of light-intensity physical activity and a median of 55.6 (IQR: 34.6) minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. The average submaximal exercise capacity was low (n=16, 25.2 ± 5.7 mL/kg/min). Estimated submaximal exercise capacity, including metabolic equivalent (4.5 ± 3.1 METs), respiratory exchange ratio (median = 1.0, IQR: 0.09) and ratings of perceived exertion (median = 7, IQR: 5) at peak exercise suggest that children with cardiomyopathy appear to have the exercise capacity to participate in low-to-moderate intensity activities. Conclusions: These novel data suggest that a diagnosis of cardiomyopathy may not preclude children from participating in a healthy, active lifestyle. However, they perceive disease-specific physical activity barriers and may require support to optimize their level of participation for optimal health.

A Comparative Study on Physiological Activities of Lager and Ale Brewing Yeasts under Different Gravity Conditions

Zhimin Yu,Mou-Ming Zhao,Huiping Li,Hai-Feng Zhao,Qingli Zhang,Chunyan Wan,Huipin Li 한국생물공학회 2012 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.17 No.4

High gravity (HG) or very high gravity (VHG)brewing has become popular in modern breweries due to its economic and product quality advantages. However,there are the negative impacts such as the fermentation performance of brewer’s yeast in HG or VHG wort, which are closely related to changes in cell physiological activity. In the present study, 3 kinds of worts, with different gravities, were used to examine the systematic effects on fermentation performance and physiological activity of lager yeast FBY009505 (Saccharomyces pastorianus) and ale yeast FBY0099 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), as well as the resulting beer flavor. Results showed that the responses of FBY009505 and FBY0099 to the HG or VHG worts were similar. The specific fermentation rate and viability of cropped yeast of FBY009505 and FBY0099 were decreased with increasing wort gravity. The increased wort gravity resulted in the increase of energy charge and the decrease of α-glucosides transport rate and glycolytic enzyme activities. Moreover, the environmental stresses in the HG or VHG wort showed a higher inhibitory activity against α-glucoside transport than glycolytic enzymes. The content of intracellular trehalose and glycerol of FBY009505 and FBY0099 increased with the increase in wort gravity. The results from this study provided a potential means to systematically understand the physiology of brewer’s yeast under HG or VHG conditions. High gravity (HG) or very high gravity (VHG)brewing has become popular in modern breweries due to its economic and product quality advantages. However,there are the negative impacts such as the fermentation performance of brewer’s yeast in HG or VHG wort, which are closely related to changes in cell physiological activity. In the present study, 3 kinds of worts, with different gravities, were used to examine the systematic effects on fermentation performance and physiological activity of lager yeast FBY009505 (Saccharomyces pastorianus) and ale yeast FBY0099 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), as well as the resulting beer flavor. Results showed that the responses of FBY009505 and FBY0099 to the HG or VHG worts were similar. The specific fermentation rate and viability of cropped yeast of FBY009505 and FBY0099 were decreased with increasing wort gravity. The increased wort gravity resulted in the increase of energy charge and the decrease of α-glucosides transport rate and glycolytic enzyme activities. Moreover, the environmental stresses in the HG or VHG wort showed a higher inhibitory activity against α-glucoside transport than glycolytic enzymes. The content of intracellular trehalose and glycerol of FBY009505 and FBY0099 increased with the increase in wort gravity. The results from this study provided a potential means to systematically understand the physiology of brewer’s yeast under HG or VHG conditions.

건조방법에 따른 충주산 병풀의 영양성분과 생리활성

엄현주,신현영,지영미,권누리,윤향식,김인재,송용섭,유광원,Eom, Hyun-Ju,Shin, Hyun-Young,Ji, Yeong Mi,Kwon, Nu Ri,Yoon, Hyang-Sik,Kim, In Jae,Song, Yong-sup,Yu, Kwang-Won 한국식품영양학회 2021 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.34 No.2

Centella asiatica (CA) has been used as a nutritional plant as well as a traditional herbal medicine around the world. This study, quality component (proximate composition, total polyphenol, and triterpenoid compound), and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of CA dried using various methods were investigated. Proximate compositions of CA with different drying methods included a large amount of carbohydrates, crude protein, crude ash, and crude fiber. Among the drying methods, cold drying provided the highest total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity, while hot-air drying at 75℃ provided the lowest total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity. In addition, when the major triterpenoid compounds of CA were analyzed, the highest content of asiaticoside of triterpenoid glycoside was obtained with all drying methods. With respect to the total triterpenoid, the highest content was obtained with cold drying (68.8 mg/g) whereas natural drying (31.4 mg/g) provided the lowest content. In anti-inflammatory activity of LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, EtOH extract of cold drying showed a significantly higher inhibitory activity in comparison to the other drying methods. In conclusion, it is considered that the cold drying method is suitable for industrial preparation of functional materials with high physiological ingredients, and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities from CA.

온도와 CO₂ 농도 증가가 일본잎갈나무 유묘의 바이오매스 및 생리적 특성에 미치는 영향

한심희(Han, Sim-Hee),신수정(Soo-Jeong Shin) 한국산림바이오에너지학회 2019 산림바이오에너지 Vol.29 No.2

본 연구는 온도와 CO₂ 농도 증가에 따른 일본잎갈나무 유묘의 초기 바이오매스 생장 및 생리적 반응 조사를 통하여, 후기 바이오매스 생장 변화를 예측하고자 하였다. 온도는 대기 온도(24℃)와 50년 후 예상 온도(27℃)로 조절하였고, CO₂ 농도는 현재 평균 농도(400ppm)와 100년 후 예상 농도(750ppm)을 적용하였다. 온도와 CO₂ 증가는 일본잎갈나무의 줄기, 뿌리, 총 바이오매스 생산에 영향을 미쳤다. 총 바이오매스는 온도 증가에 의해 감소하였으며, 감소폭은 CO₂ 농도가 높은 상태에서 더욱 뚜렷하였다. CO₂ 농도 증가는 광색소 함량을 감소시키고, 온도 증가는 대기 CO₂ 농도에서는 광색소 함량을 증가시키지만, CO₂ 농도가 높은 조건에서는 광색소 함량을 감소시켰다. 엽록소 a와 b의 비는 온도와 CO₂ 농도 증가에 큰 영향을 받지 않았지만, 총 엽록소와 카로티노이드 함량의 비는 온도의 영향을 뚜렷하게 받았다. 온도와 CO₂ 증가에 따른 항산화효소의 활성은 효소들 간에 차이가 있었다. SOD와 APX 활성은 온도와 CO₂ 농도 변화에 전혀 반응하지 않았지만, CAT와 GR 활성은 온도와 CO₂ 농도 변화에 영향을 받았다. CAT의 경우, 온도 증가 시 활성이 감소하였으며, 활성 감소폭은 대기 CO₂ 농도에서 더 크게 나타났다. GR 활성은 대기 CO₂ 농도에서 온도가 증가했을 경우, 활성이 대기 온도보다 3배 증가하였으나, 증가된 CO₂ 농도에서는 온도가 증가했을 때 활성이 대기 온도보다 36.3% 감소하였다. 결론적으로, 두 요인은 모두 높은 조건에서 일본잎갈나무 유묘의 바이오매스 생장을 감소시키며, 엽록소 함량과 항산화 효소 활성과 같은 생리적인 반응에 부정적인 영향을 주었다. 특히, 단기 노출에서 온도 변화가 CO₂ 농도 변화보다 더 민감하게 반응하며, 증가된 CO₂ 농도는 온도 증가에 의한 일본잎갈나무 유묘의 생리적 피해를 막지 못한 것으로 판단된다. This study was intended to predict changes in the late biomass growth by examining the early biomass growth and physiological responses of Larix kaempferi seedlings under enhanced temperature and CO₂ concentration. The temperature was adjusted to the ambient air temperature (24°C) and the expected temperature (27°C) 50 years later, and the CO₂ concentration was applied to the current average concentration (400 ppm) and expected concentration (75 ppm) 100 years later. The increase in temperature and CO₂ affected the production of stem, root and total biomass of seedlings. Total biomass was reduced by increased temperature, and the decrease was more pronounced with higher CO₂ concentrations. Increased CO₂ concentration decreased photosynthetic pigment content, and increased temperature increased the content at the atmospheric CO₂ concentration, but decreased the content under higher CO₂ concentration. The ratio of chlorophyll a and b was not significantly affected by the temperature and CO₂ concentration increase, but the ratio of total chlorophyll and carotenoid content was clearly affected by the temperature. The activity of antioxidative enzymes at the increased temperature and CO₂ differed among enzymes. Although SOD and APX activity did not respond at all to changes in temperature and CO₂ concentration, CAT and GR activity were affected by changes in temperature and CO₂ concentration. For CAT, activity decreased with increasing temperature, and the activity reduction was greater at atmospheric CO₂ concentration. GR activity increased by three times as much as the atmospheric CO₂ concentration, but at the increased CO₂ concentration, the activity decreased by 36.3% compared to the atmospheric temperature when the temperature increased. In conclusion, both factors reduced biomass growth in L. kaempferi seedlings under high temperature and CO₂ conditions, negatively affecting physiological responses such as chlorophyll content and antioxidant enzyme activity. In particular, it is judged that the temperature change in short-term exposure is more sensitive than the change in CO₂ concentration, and that the increased CO₂ concentration did not prevent the physiological damage of seedlings caused by the increased temperature.

Effect of Surface Dielectric Barrier Discharge on the Physiological Activities of Quercetin

( Hyun-joo Kim ),( Hae In Yong ),( Sanghoo Park ),( Jooyoung Park ),( Samooel Jung ),( Wonho Choe ),( Cheorun Jo ) 한국식품영양학회 2017 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.30 No.2

In this study, using the surface dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) produced at atmospheric pressure to improve the physiological activities of quercetin was investigated. Quercetin (at 200 ppm) was treated using air DBD with an input power of 250 W. The tyrosinase inhibition effect and total phenolic content of quercetin increased from 38.96 to 91.58% and from 134.53 to 152.93 ppm, respectively, after 20 min of plasma treatment. The antioxidant activity of quercetin treated for 20 min in the lipid models was higher than that of quercetin treated for 0, 5, and 10 min. Furthermore, plasma-treated quercetin exhibited antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Staphylococcus aureus, whereas activity was not shown in the control. Structural modifications of the quercetin molecule induced by plasma might be responsible for the improvements in its physiological activity. These results indicate that DBD plasma could be used to enhance the physiological activity of quercetin for various applications in food.

미더덕의 생리활성이 향상된 아임계수 추출물의 제조

조민지(Min-Ji Jo),한지경(Ji-Kyoung Han),성수창(Su-Chang Sung),이승철(Seung-Cheol Lee) 한국식품영양과학회 2018 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.47 No.11

미더덕의 이용 다변화를 위하여 아임계수 추출물을 제조하고 생리활성을 평가하였다. 미더덕은 동결건조 분말 상태로 10, 30, 60분 동안 다양한 온도(50, 100, 200, 300℃)에서 추출되었다. 아임계수 조건은 ACE 저해 활성, 항산화 활성, AChE 저해 활성과 같은 중요한 생리학적 특성을 상당히 증가시켰다. 200℃, 60분 추출물에서 가장 높은 ACE 저해활성을 나타냈으나 더 높은 온도 조건인 300℃에서는 급격히 감소하였다. DPPH 라디칼 소거능과 ABTS라디칼 소거능은 300℃, 30분 추출물에서 공통적으로 가장 높은 값을 보였고, AChE 저해 활성 또한 같은 경향을 나타냈다. 이러한 결과는 아임계수 추출이 미더덕의 생리활성을 증가시키는 유용한 가공방법이 될 수 있음을 시사한다. For diverse application of Styela clava (Korean name: miduduck) as a food material, subcritical water (SCW) extract was prepared and its physiological activity was evaluated. To accomplish this, S. clava powder (0.1 g) was placed in a stainless vessel containing 10 mL of distilled water, after which SCW extraction was carried out at 50, 100, 200, and 300℃ for 10, 30, and 60 min. SCW treatment significantly increased important physiological properties of the extract such as angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity, antioxidant activity, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity. The highest ACE inhibitory activity was found in samples subjected to SCW extraction at 200℃ for 60 min; however, the activity decreased at higher temperature (300℃). The SCW extract of S. clava prepared at 300℃ for 30 min showed the highest antioxidant activity [1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activities] and AChE inhibitory activity. These results indicate that SCW extraction might be a useful method for increasing the physiological activity of S. clava.

김치에서 분리한 Lactobacillus plantarum K6의 생리적 특성 및비만억제효과

김슬기,임상동 한국낙농식품응용생물학회 2017 한국유가공기술과학회지 Vol.35 No.4

This study aimed to investigate the physiological characteristics and anti-obesity effects of a newly isolated bacterium, Lactobacillus plantarum K6. L. plantarum K6 showed good α- amylase inhibitory activity (96.78±3.29%), α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (92.55±9.62%), and lipase inhibitory activity (85.17±0.79%), and the strain inhibited the adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells (27.4±1.4%) when present at a concentration of 100 μg/mL. L. plantarum K6 was isolated from kimchi and its physiological characteristics were investigated. A comparison of the sensitivity of the isolate to 15 different antibiotics showed that L. plantarum K6 is highly sensitive to erythromycin and highly resistant to vancomycin, ampicillin, and polymyxin B. This strain also showed high arylamidase and β-galactosidase activities. Moreover, it was relatively tolerant to bile acid and low pH, and displayed resistance to Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus, with rates of 51.8%, 42.4%, 61.6%, and 54.9%, respectively. No bio genic amines were produced. L. plantarum K6 also showed high adhesion activity to HT-29 cells compared to L. rhamnosus GG. These results demonstrate that Lactobacillus plantarum K6 has potential as a probiotic with anti-obesity effects.