교육복지우선지원사업 업무의 중요도와 실행도에 대한 교사와 교육복지사의 인식

최경일 ( Choi Kyung Il ),서동미 ( Seo Dong Mee ),송경순 ( Song Gyeong Sun ) 한국학교사회복지학회 2019 학교사회복지 Vol.0 No.46

본 연구는 교사와 교육복지사가 교육복지우선지원사업에서 수행되는 업무의 중요도와 실행도를 어떻게 인식하는지에 대해서 IPA(Importance-Performance Analysis: IPA)로 파악하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해서 선행연구 결과를 토대로 5개 대업무와 26개 세부 업무를 문항화해서 경기도 내 초․중․고등학교에서 근무하는 교육복지사 전원과 이들 학교에서 교육복지우선지원사업 업무를 담당하는 교사 각 117명에게 설문조사를 실시하여 교육복지사 93명과 교사 89명에게 수집된 자료를 분석하였다. 연구결과, 교육복지사는 프로그램 운영을 제외한 전체의 대업무에 걸친 19개 세부 업무에 대해서 중요도를 실행도보다 통계적으로 유의하게 높게 인식하였다. 교사는 7개 세부 업무에 대해서 중요도를 실행도보다 통계적으로 유의하게 높게 인식하였다. IPA 결과, 교육복지사는 10개, 교사는 15개 세부 업무가 지속유지영역에 속한다고 인식하였고, 낮은 중요도와 실행도인 점진개선영역에는 교육복지사는 7개, 교사는 10개 세부 업무가 속한다고 인식하였다. 우선개선영역에는 소수의 세부 업무가 속하였지만, 높은 중요도에 비해서 실행도가 낮은 업무이므로 실천적인 개선 전략을 마련해야 할 것이다. 과잉투자영역에는 교육복지사에게서만 3개의 세부 업무가 제시되었다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 교육복지사와 교사가 인식하는 중요도를 바탕으로 실행도를 개선할 수 있는 실천적 방안을 제시하였다. The purpose of this study is to investigate how teachers and education workers perceive the importance and performance of jobs in the Education Welfare Priority Support Project, and identify the difference between the importance and the performance level through the IPA(Importance-Performance Analysis). For this purpose, based on the results of the previous research, we constitute 5 major jobs and 26 detailed jobs. And we analyzed data gathered from 93 education teachers and 89 teachers who work in elementary, middle and high schools in Gyeonggi province. As a results, the education welfare workers recognized the importance of the 19 jobs, except the program operation, statistically significantly higher than the performance level. Teachers recognized the importance of the 7 detailed jobs as statistically significant above their performance. As a result of the IPA, teachers recognized 10 jobs and education welfare workers recognized 15 jobs as belonging to high importance-performance area. teachers recognized 7 jobs and education welfare workers recognized 10 jobs are in the area of low importance-high performance. Although there are a few detailed jobs in the area of low importance-performance, because they are less performance than their high importance, a practical improvement strategy should be prepared. In the area of low importance-high performance, 3 jobs were presented only by the education welfare workers. Based on the results of this study, we suggested a practical method to improve the performance based on the importance of education workers and teachers.

정신재활시설 사례관리 활동에 대한 중요도-수행도 분석

서종근(Jonggeun Seo),이승연(Seungyeon Lee),박혜진(Hyejin Park),손지훈(Jeehoon Sohn),민소영(Soyoung Min) 한국장애인재활협회 2018 재활복지 Vol.22 No.1

본 연구는 IPA 분석을 통해 정신재활시설 사례관리 특성을 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 서울지역 정신재활시설에 종사하고 있는 사례관리자 114명을 대상으로 사례관리 활동별 중요도와 수행도를 IPA와 대응 표본 T-test를 통해 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 사례관리 단계 중 사정 단계가 가장 높은 수행도와 중요도를 보였다. 중요도와 수행도 평균값을 비교하였을 때, 대부분의 사례관리 활동의 수행도가 중요도에 비하여 낮았다. 또한, 대부분의 사례관리 활동이 제1사분면(높은 중요도-높은 수행도)와 제3사분면(낮은 중요도-낮은 수행도)에 위치하였다. 이 중 당사자 서비스 참여는 타 사례관리 활동보다 중요도와 수행도가 모두 높게 나타났지만, 중요도와 비교하였을 때 수행도가 떨어졌다. 지역사회 자원 연계는 중요도와 수행도가 전반적으로 낮았지만, 낮은 중요도에 비해 수행도는 더 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 정신재활시설의 당사자 서비스 참여와 지역사회 지원 연계를 활성화 시키기 위해 다각적인 노력이 이뤄질 것을 제안하였다. The study was conducted to examine the characteristics of case management in psychiatric rehabilitation facilities. The purpose of this study is to analyze the importance and performance of case management activities, and 114 cases managers in the psychiatric rehabilitation facilities in Seoul participated in the study. The study analysed the importance and performance of each case management through IPA and Paired T-test. As a result of the study, Assessment stage showed the highest performance and importance, and the performance was conducted as much as the importance. Except assessment, performance in all stages were significant lower than the importance. IPA analysis showed that most case management activities belonged to the quadrant Ⅰ(high importance-high performance) and the quadrant Ⅲ (low importance-low performance), but the T-test analysis showed lower performance than importance. Participation of Service users and Cooperation of community resource were lower than those of importance. Participation of Service users showed high importance and performance, but performance was relatively lower than importance. On the other hand, cooperation of community resource was low in overall importance and performance, moreover, performance was very low. It is considered that various efforts should be made to activate them.

현저성 효과와 속성 평가가능성 효과가 속성중요도 측정에 미치는 영향

윤성아(Song Oh Yoon),석관호(Kwan Ho Suk) 한국마케팅학회 2011 마케팅연구 Vol.26 No.3

기존의 연구들은 속성중요도(attribute importance)가 측정 방법에 따라 그 결과가 달라진다는 것을 보여주었다. 특히, 소비자들이 속성중요도를 직접적으로 평가하는 주관적(subjective) 속성중요도와 다속성으로 구성된 제품에 대한 소비자의 선호에서 속성 가중치를 통계적 방법으로 측정하는 추정된(estimated) 속성중요도 사이의 상관관계가 높지 않다는 결과들이 많이 보고되어왔다. 본 연구는 이러한 불일치의 중요한 이유가 속성중요도를 추정하기위해 사용되는 선호도 평가과업(evaluation task)의 특성 때문이라는 것을 제시하고자 한다. 다속성제품의 선호도 측정을 위해서 많이 쓰이는 평점(rating)과 순위(ranking) 과업은 평가척도(response scale)와 평가모드(response mode)에서 차이를 보이며, 이러한 과업의 특징으로 인해 추정된 속성중요도가 주관적속성중요도와 차이를 보이게 된다. 본 연구의 결과는 분리평가(separate evaluation) 모드에 의존하는 평점 과업의 경우, 단독으로 평가가 어려운 비교속성(comparable attribute)에서 주관적 속성중요도와 불일치성이 크다는 것을 보여주었다. 반면에 순위 과업에 의해 추정된 속성중요도의 경우, 가장 중요한 속성에 실제보다 더 많은 가중치를 부여하는 현저성(prominence) 효과로 인해 주관적 속성중요도와의 일치성이 낮아진다는 것을 보여주었다. 이러한 결과들은 평점과 순위 과업 모두 다른 유형의 편향으로 인해 추정된 속성중요도가 주관적 속성중요도간의 낮은 일치성을 유발한다는 것을 의미한다. 또한 본 연구는 평점 과업과 동일한 평가척도를 사용하지만 순위 과업과 유사한 공동평가 모드를 사용하는 "공동평점(joint rating)" 과업이 이들 두 과업보다, 주관적 속성중요도를 더 잘 반영해줄 수 있다는 점을 제시하였다. 공동평점 과업의 경우 현저성 효과나 속성 평가가능성 효과가 크게 나타나지 않았으며, 이로 인해 다른 두 과업보다 주관적 속성중요도와 더 좋은 일치성을 보여주었다. A number of methods have been proposed to assess consumer`s attribute importance. From a theoretical perspective, attribute importance is an integral component in explaining consumer attitude formation and the decision making process. For example, multiattribute judgment models posit that the evaluation of a product option is a function of attribute values and attribute importance using some linear combination rules. The accurate assessment of attribute importance has tremendous practical importance. Managers often rely on consumer`s expressed attribute importance when making strategic decisions on many key issues such as market segmentation and product configuration development. The attribute importance measures are largely classified as subjective and indirectly estimated methods. The subjective methods use self-report approaches to assess consumers` attribute importance. The indirect methods, on the other hand, derive attribute importance statistically from consumer`s expressed preference for product options, which are often elicited by different types of evaluation tasks (e.g., rating or ranking). Despite the theoretical connections between the direct and indirect measures, prior studies, however, have shown only a week to moderate level of convergence between the two approaches. The substantial divergence among different measurement approaches is problematic given the ubiquitous interchangeable use of direct and indirect methods in marketing research and practice. The current research suggests that the type of response task used to elicit preference in deriving indirect attribute importance (e.g., ranking or rating) is an important factor affecting the degree of correspondence between the subjective and indirectly estimated attribute importance. We propose that response tasks differ in their underlying characteristics, and each characteristic is associated with different type of weighting bias. Specifically, responses tasks differ in the response scale and response mode. Response scale refers to whether the underlying processing mode evoked by the given task is qualitative or quantitative in nature. Response mode refers to whether the preference is constructed based on separate or joint evaluation modes. We examine this issue through the comparison of the two most frequently used preference elicitation methods in indirect attribute importance measures: rating task and ranking task. With respect to the response scale, the rating task involves the evaluation of alternatives by assigning numbers along the given scale. Thus, the rating task can be defined as a quantitative scale. The ranking task, on the other hand, is based on qualitative scale since it encourages process of sequential arrangement of presented alternatives based on given criteria. The ranking task which relies on qualitative reasoning, in turn, leads to disproportionately great weighting of the most important attribute (i.e., the prominence effect) because a qualitative task evokes more qualitative or ordinal reasoning such as a lexicographic decision rule. Conversely, the conventional rating task renders quantitative weighting of attributes and hence is relatively free of the prominence bias. Therefore, we hypothesize that the prominence effect (i.e., a great divergence with direct weights in the most important attribute) is observed only for the ranking-based indirect attribute importance and not for the rating-based indirect attribute importance (H1). In terms of response mode, a conventional rating task resorts to the separate evaluation mode since the task calls for minimal comparisons of the target option to other options. Ranking, on the other hand, relies on the joint evaluation mode since the task requires comparisons among available alternatives. Due to this joint versus separate evaluation distinction, the two tasks differ in the types of attributes for which they can provide relatively accurate measurements. Specifically, indirect attribute impor

소비자가 지각한 제품사용상황이 하이테크제품 교체구매의향에 미치는 영향

이현민 ( Hyun Min Lee ),이완수 ( Wan Soo Lee ),황미진 ( Mee Jin Whang ),황용희 ( Yong Hee Hwang ) 한국소비자학회 2011 소비자학연구 Vol.22 No.3

기업 간 경쟁 심화와 소비자들의 교체구매가 높은 비중을 차지하는 성숙기 하이테크 제품 시장은 소비자의 사용경험이 교체구매의향을 형성하는 영향관계의 규명을 통한 대고객 전략의 제안이 중요한 시기이다. 본 연구는 하이테크 제품에 대한 소비자의 교체구매의향이 소비자의 지각된 제품사용상황(perceived product-usage situation)에서 발현되어 제품속성 중요도 및 소비자 추구편익간의 조절적 관계를 통해 형성됨을 검증하였다. Fennell(1978)의 제안을 토대로, 첫째 소비자에게 지각된 제품사용상황을 제품관련 문제점이 지각된 사용상황(perceived situation of the product-related problems)과 심리적 욕구불만이 지각된 사용상황(perceived situation of the psychological frustration)의 두 차원으로 구성하고, 둘째 각각의 문제 상황이 특정 제품속성 중요도 평가에 미치는 영향관계를 검증하였으며, 셋째 소비자의 교체구매의향 유발에 영향을 미치는 제품 속성이 무엇인지를 구조방정식 모형에 근거하여 규명하였다. 연구 결과 하이테크 제품에 있어 소비자가 지각하는 제품사용상황 중, 첫째 제품관련 문제를 지각한 상황은 디자인, 브랜드, 주기능, 부가기능의 제품속성 중요도 평가를 증가시키며, 특히 주기능과 디자인, 브랜드 중요도는 교체구매의향으로 연계됨을 확인하였다. 둘째, 심리적 욕구불만을 지각한 상황은 제품의 디자인과 브랜드 속성중요도를 각각 증가시키며, 이중 브랜드 속성중요도가 교체구매의향을 증가시킴을 규명하였다. 또한 지각한 제품사용상황이 제품속성 중요도 평가에 미치는 영향은 소비자가 추구하는 편익에 따라 차이를 보이는 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구의 시사점은 기존의 사용상황 연구에서 다루어지지 않았던 제품관련 문제 상황과 심리적 욕구 불만 지각상황이 소비자의 교체구매의향 형성에 미치는 영향관계를 규명함으로써 향후 교체구매 행동 연구의 토대를 마련하는 탐색적 연구로서 의의를 지닌다. 또한 기업의 하이테크 신제품 개발 전략 수립시, 소비자의 교체구매의향 발현을 위한 제품 컨셉 설정 및 마케팅 전략방향을 제시하고 있다. Intense competition among companies and replacement purchasing for consumers are features of a mature high-tech product market. Currently, suggestions for consumer strategy from investigations of the relationship between consumer experience and the formation of replacement purchase intention has become increasingly important. Consumers` perception of product-usage situation illicits a desire to purchase products and creates buying motives. It is important since it decides the direction in choosing a product(Fennell 1978). In the maturity phase of the hi-tech product market, the required time for consumers to understand products and to determine purchase intention becomes shorter. Amid the severe competition in the market, companies are required to establish consumer-attracting strategies by understanding perceived product-usage situations and by investigating how perceived product-usage situations lead to the formation of replacement purchase intentions. Consumers will make after-use evaluation of products. Then, the product-usage situation is expected to serve as a constraint, helping consumers to find countermeasures and narrowing down the criteria of the consumer`s decision(Bransford and McCarrell 1974; Ratneshwar and Shocker 1991). Moreover, consumers assess future choice alternatives based on the consumption cycle from purchase to use. The perception of product-usage situation assists consumers to select appropriate alternative products by inducing the retrieval process and reminding consumers of the measures they already know of. The perception of product-usage situation defines the range of alternatives and thus, serves as a frame for problem solving, which help consumers to find the benefits of a product they seek(Warlop and Ratneshwar 1993). In this respect, consumers` after-use product evaluation can be one of the important motives for the formation of replacement purchase intention along with the product-usage situation (Gardial, Clemons, Woodruff, Schumann, and Burns 1994). Especially, the situations subjectively perceived by consumers can be major factors affecting decision-making and other consumer behaviors(Kakkar and Lutz 1975). In this regard, the problems and complaints that consumers have during the use of hi-tech products will definitely influence after-use evaluation and the formation of replacement of purchase intentions. Therefore, verification of the aforementioned relationship is expected to bring to light new strategic points for further discussion. In addition, based on the means-ends chain model that explains the relationship between the results of product use and buying intention(Woodruff 1997), replacement purchase intention is assumed to be derived from the product-usage situation where consumers constantly try to perceive the results from the use of the product and from the process of re-evaluating the features of the product. This study verifies that consumer purchasing intention for product replacement of high-tech products is manifested by the perceived product usage and formed by moderating the relationship between the important product attributes and the benefits sought by the consumer. This study investigated the formation process of the replacement purchase intention based on the meansends chain model, a mechanism that explains how consumers` after-use evaluation of product features is connected to the replacement purchase intention in consecutive buying decisions. An empirical analysis verified that, in perceived product-usage situations, replacement purchase intention is formed by the customers` evaluation with much importance placed on the features that they particularly hope to acquire from the product. Fennell(1978) suggested that, first, two perceived product use situations were created as the perceived situation of product related problems and the perceived situation of psychological frustration. Second, the affect of the problem situation on the evaluation of importance of product attributes was conducted. Third, the product attributes that affect intention for replacement purchase were investigated based on structural equation models. Our results showed that for high-tech products, from the perceived product use situations that are perceived with product related problems increased the importance of design, brand, main function, and additional functions in product attribute evaluation. It was confirmed that main function, design, and brand importance led to replacement purchase intention. In perceived situations of psychological frustration, the importance of design and brand attributes increased, and identified with brand attribute importance was increased by intentions of replacement purchase. In addition, the influence of perceived usage situation on product attribute importance evaluation indicated a difference from the benefits pursued by consumers. The implications of this study are the identification of the affective relationship between product related problems and those psychologically frustrating situations caused by replacement purchase intention of consumers. This has not been addressed by existing product usage research. An empirical analysis verified that, in perceived product-usage situations, replacement purchase intention is formed by the customers` evaluation with much importance placed on the features that they particularly hope to acquire from the product. The significance of this research is that it sheds new light on the importance of considering product features when analyzing replacement purchase intentions. Re-evaluation of the importance level of the product features was confirmed to be one of the factors explaining the motive behind the replacement purchase intention. In addition, the perceived product-usage situation was confirmed to be an influential variable in the evaluation of the importance level of the product features. Product features were the main motive in the process of making a replacement purchase decision, which has not been studied to date. This study examined perceived product-usage situations where consumers used high-tech products and perceived the results from the use of the product. The situations were broken down into a functional one and psychological one. It was also confirmed that the discrepancy in the psychological part of a situation had a significant influence on the evaluation of the importance of the product features just as the functional part also did. Of note, it was also confirmed that there is a significant influence from the strengthened moderating effect, which is one of the sought variables for the subjective benefits that is caused by the individual differences between consumers. The moderating effect was observed to influence the perceived situation of psychological frustration about brand image for products. The moderating effect was also found to influence the perceived situation of product-related problems on the importance of the main function of products. The results of this study confirmed that the interaction effect of the sought variables for the subjective benefits, which is caused by differences between situations and consumers, have more influence on a consumer`s behavior than the independent influence of the situation. The reason is that the consumers` behaviors constantly change according to the situations(Belk 1974; Dickson 1982; Quester and Smart 1998). Our research is meaningful as an explorative study to provide foundation for future research on consumer replacement purchase behavior. In addition, our study suggests better product concepts and marketing strategy directions to induce consumer replacement purchase intentions and for companies seeking to establish development strategies for new high-tech products.

Importance-Performance Analysis of Port Service Perceived by Shipping Company: A Case of Busan Port

장재곤,이홍걸 한국해양비즈니스학회 2011 해양비즈니스 Vol.- No.20

Generally, service provided from port to shipping companies are various with not only berthing support and cargo handling but also information service, ship stores, bunker/water supply, etc. Although all the service offered by port is important, the level of importance and satisfaction can be different from the perspective of customers. Therefore, in order to offer the practical service that customers need, its significance and satisfaction are needed to be considered simultaneously in terms of customer service. The objective of this research is to analyze the importance and satisfaction of port service perceived by shipping companies calling Busan port. To achieve this objective, Data from shipping companies calling Busan port were collected, and Importance-Performance Analysis(IPA) for analysis was used. From the results of analysis, it was found that there are gaps between importance and satisfaction of port service. And it showed that the strategies which Busan port should focus on are expansion of port infrastructures and improvement of labor productivity such as deep water draft and well-skilled port workers. These imply that Busan port needs continuous development plan. That is, it points out that Busan port focus on the expanding infrastructures as the fundamental elements is more important than improvement of soft service policy, for the future. Generally, service provided from port to shipping companies are various with not only berthing support and cargo handling but also information service, ship stores, bunker/water supply, etc. Although all the service offered by port is important, the level of importance and satisfaction can be different from the perspective of customers. Therefore, in order to offer the practical service that customers need, its significance and satisfaction are needed to be considered simultaneously in terms of customer service. The objective of this research is to analyze the importance and satisfaction of port service perceived by shipping companies calling Busan port. To achieve this objective, Data from shipping companies calling Busan port were collected, and Importance-Performance Analysis(IPA) for analysis was used. From the results of analysis, it was found that there are gaps between importance and satisfaction of port service. And it showed that the strategies which Busan port should focus on are expansion of port infrastructures and improvement of labor productivity such as deep water draft and well-skilled port workers. These imply that Busan port needs continuous development plan. That is, it points out that Busan port focus on the expanding infrastructures as the fundamental elements is more important than improvement of soft service policy, for the future.

대학 온라인 수업에서 교수자가 인식하는 상호작용 전략의 중요도와 활용도 분석

임정훈 ( Junghoon Leem ),신진주 ( Jinju Shin ),김미화 ( Mihwa Kim ) 한국교육공학회 2022 교육공학연구 Vol.38 No.2

이 연구는 대학 온라인 수업에서의 상호작용 촉진을 위해 교수자가 중요하게 인식하고 있는 전략과 수업 상황에서 주로 활용하는 전략, 그리고 교수자가 중요하게 인식하는 전략과 실제 활용하는 전략 간의 차이를 분석하는데 목적이 있다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 I대학교의 교수자 73명을 대상으로 온라인 수업에서의 상호작용 전략 27개에 대해 유형별로 교수자가 인식하는 중요도와 활용도를 묻는 설문조사를 실시하여 데이터를 수집하였다. 수집된 데이터를 활용하여 교수자가 인식하는 중요도와 활용빈도의 차이를 알아보기 위해 대응표본 t-검증을 실시하였으며, 중요도와 활용도간에 나타나는 양상을 통해 개선해야 할 전략을 분석하기 위해서는 중요도-활용도 분석(Importance-Performance Analysis: IPA)을 실시하였다. 분석결과, 교수자들은 온라인 수업에서의 상호작용 전략들에 대해 실제적 활용보다는 중요성에 대한 인식이 더 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 또한, 상호작용 유형별에 따른 IPA 분석결과, 중요도와 활용도가 모두 높은 1사분면에는 교수자-학습자간 상호작용 유형과 학습자-내용간 상호작용 유형이 나타나 이에 해당하는 전략들은 현 상태를 유지 강화할 필요가 있는 반면, 학습자 내적 상호작용 유형은 중요도와 활용도가 모두 낮은 3사분면에 나타나 교수자들의 중요도에 대한 인식 제고 및 적극적인 활용이 요구됨을 확인하였다. 학습자-학습자간 상호작용 유형은 중요도는 낮지만 활용도는 높은 4사분면에 걸쳐 있는 것으로 나타나, 상호작용에 대한 교수자들의 중요도에 대한 인식 증진이 필요한 것을 알 수 있었다. 끝으로, 대학 온라인 수업의 상호작용 활성화를 위해 이 연구가 갖는 의의와 시사점 등이 논의되었다. The purpose of this study was to explore the strategies perceived to be important by instructors to enhance interaction in online class and the strategies mainly used in online class, and to analyze the differences in importance and performance. To achieve purpose of the study, a questionnaire was developed asking the importance and performance of 27 interaction strategies that can be used in online class of higher education. Using this questionnaire, survey was conducted with 73 instructors with online teaching experience from I university. Based on collected data, a paired-sample t-test was performed to analyze the significant differences between importance and performance, and Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) was performed to analyze the pattern between importance and performance. The paired-sample t-test analysis revealed that the instructors recognized that the importance of online class interaction strategies was higher than the performance. The IPA results showed that ‘instructor-learner interaction’ and ‘learner-content interaction’ were in the first quadrant, in which both importance and performance were high. On the other hand, ‘learner-inner interaction’ appeared in the third quadrant, in which both importance and performance were low, and ‘learner-learner interaction’ was located in the fourth quadrant, which indicated low importance but high performance. As a result of detailed check on the location of the sub-strategies, it was found that it is necessary to increase instructor awareness of the importance of these interactions. Finally, the significance and implications of this study in facilitating the interaction in online class of higher education were discussed.

DNN과 계층 연관성 전파를 이용한 PM2.5 고농도 사례의 인자 중요도 분석

유숙현 한국멀티미디어학회 2023 멀티미디어학회논문지 Vol.26 No.8

In this study, we used Layer-wise Relevance Propagation (LRP) to analyze the level of contribution of input factors to the predictive results of the PM2.5 predictive model. First, we trained the DNN prediction model using data from 2015 to 2020, and then evaluated it using data from 2021. Next, we performed LRP on the evaluation data to analyze the importance of input factors in the prediction results. As a result, factors with consistently high importance regardless of concentration were O_TA, O_TD, O_RH, O_U, O_V, and O_PA, whereas PM10 and O_RN_ACC were observed to have lower importance. Furthermore, to analyze the characteristics of high-concentration data that are generally difficult to predict compared to low-concentration data, we divided the data by concentration and analyzed the importance of input factors. As a result, the importance of O_PM2.5 was high in the high concentration pattern and the importance of O_radiation was low, while the opposite trend was observed in the low concentration pattern. In particular, for high-concentration patterns that started suddenly and lasted more than three days, we analyzed the importance of input factors by time and factor. These high-concentration patterns with these characteristics showed significantly increased importance in the O_PM2.5 factor in the T12 interval closest to the prediction time, and it was observed that the importance of the F_PM2.5 factor increased slightly. Applying the factor importance results analyzed in this study to the PM2.5 prediction model is expected to improve prediction accuracy for high concentration patterns that are difficult to predict compared to general patterns.

미용전공 대학생의 교육과정 중요도 및 만족도에 관한 융복합 연구

최수지(Choi, Su Ji),김혜균(Kim, Hye Kyun) 한국전시산업융합연구원 2020 한국과학예술융합학회 Vol.38 No.3

최근 국내 뷰티산업은 K-Culture의 관심과 인기에 힘입어 다양한 직업군으로 발전하여 성장하고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 4년제 미용전공학과 교육과정에 대한 학생들의 중요도 인식과 이에 따른 교육과정 만족도가 중요도와 일치하는지에 대한 연구를 통하여 중요도와 만족도 간의 영향을 규명해 보고자 한다. 연구방법으로는 국내 서울 소재의 4년제 대학교 미용전공학생들을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 연구결과 및 내용은 다음과 같다. 교육환경 중요도는 1학년, 2학년, 3학년 집단이 4학년 집단보다 높은 평균치를 보였으며 또한 1학년, 2학년 집단보다 3학년 집단이 가장 높은 평균치를 보였다. 또한 교수 중요도는 1학년, 2학년의 저학년보다 3학년, 4학년의 고학년 집단이 교수 중요도의 평균치가 높았다. 마지막으로 교육 및 서비스 중요도는 1학년과 3학년이 2학년과 4학년 집단보다 상대적으로 높은 평균치를 보였다. 둘째 교육과정 만족도는 1학년과 4학년 집단보다 2학년 3학년 집단의 만족도가 높았으며, 교육과정 만족도, 교수 만족도, 교육 및 서비스 만족도 모두 4학년 집단이 1학년, 2학년, 3학년 집단보다 낮은 만족도를 보였다. 셋째, 교육환경 중요도는 피부전공집단이 메이크업집단 보다 높은 평균치를 보였으며, 교수 중요도 요인도 피부전공집단이 메이크업전공집단 보다 통계적 유의하게 높은 평균치를 보였다. 한편 교육 및 서비스 중요도 요인에서는 통합전공집단이 메이크업전공, 네일전공집단 보다 높은 평균치를 보였다. 본 연구의 결과를 종합해 보면 서울소재의 4년제 뷰티전공학과에 재학 중인 대학생들의 경우 교육과정에 대해 대체적으로 매우 중요하다고 인식하고 있지만, 현재 학교생활을 포함한 교육과정에 만족은 중요도보다는 낮다는 것을 알 수 있다. 전국에 4년제 미용전공대학교는 다양하게 분포되어 있지만 서울소재의 4년제 미용전공대학교를 선택한 이유를 결과로 도출해 보았을 때, 교육과정을 중요하게 생각하기 때문이라고 할 수 있다. 따라서 4년제 대학의 미용전공학과에서는 학생들의 교육과정에 대한 만족감을 높여줄 수 있는 방안을 모색하여 앞으로 미용관련 교육과정 정립에 기초자료로서 활용될 수 있을 것이다. Recent trends in the domestic beauty industry have greatly contributed to economic development thanks to the interest and popularity of K-Culture, including K-POP and K-drama, while the beauty industry has also grown into a diversified item and a job group. The purpose of this study is to identify the impact between importance and satisfaction through a study on the importance of students in the four-year beauty engineering curriculum and whether the resulting satisfaction level of the curriculum is consistent with the importance. As a research method, a survey was conducted on students at the Seoul-based four-year beauty college in Korea. The research results and contents are as follows. The importance of the educational environment was higher than that of the first, second, and third grade groups than the fourth grade groups, and also the third grade groups showed the highest average. In addition, the importance of teaching was higher than that of the first and second graders, and the third and fourth graders had higher than the average of the importance of teaching. Finally, the importance of education and service was relatively higher for first and third graders than for second and fourth graders. Second, the satisfaction level of the curriculum was higher than that of the first and fourth grade groups, and the satisfaction level of the curriculum, the satisfaction level of the professors, and the satisfaction level of the education and service were all lower than that of the first, second and third grade groups. Third, the importance of the educational environment was higher than that of the makeup group, and the importance of the professor was also higher than that of the makeup group. Meanwhile, in terms of the importance of education and service, the integrated major group showed a higher average than the makeup major and nail major group. The results of this study show that university students attending four-year beauty-related universities in Seoul are generally aware of the importance of the curriculum, but their satisfaction with the curriculum, including school life, is lower than the importance. There are various four-year beauty colleges in the country, but the reason why they chose Seoul So-jae"s four-year beauty college is because they think the curriculum is important based on the results.

IPA분석을 통한 미취학 아동 급식의 급식서비스 품질특성 및 급식운영 평가 - 한국·중국·일본의 미취학 아동을 자녀로 둔 부모를 대상으로 -

박상현,주나미,Park, Sanghyun,Joo, Nami 한국식품영양학회 2015 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.28 No.1

This study was targeted on the Korean, Chinese, and Japanese parents of preschoolers to investigate the importance and satisfaction of foodservice quality and the importance and performance of foodservice management of the preschool foodservice establishments. The present study conducted a survey on 390 randomly chosen parents of preschoolers (130 Korean, 130 Chinese, and 130 Japanese). Respondents' importance-satisfaction of foodservice quality characteristics and their importance-performance of foodservice management were measured. In order to test for differences between the groups, paired t-test, one way ANOVA, and IPA (Importance-Performance Analysis) were performed. The results were as follows. The importance of foodservice quality was significantly higher than the satisfaction on all items, according to the parents of Korea, China, and Japan. The importance of foodservice quality was higher in Korean parents than in Chinese and Japanese parents. According to ISA results with foodservice quality characteristics, the characteristics with relatively low satisfaction but high importance (II quadrant) was 'Diversity of menu' in both Korean and Chinese parents, and 'Sanitation of tables and chairs' in both Korean and Japanese parents. The importance of foodservice management was significantly higher than performance on all items in Korean, Chinese and Japanese parents. The performance of foodservice management was higher in Chinese than in Japanese and Korean parents. According to IPA results with foodservice management, the management with relatively low performance but high importance (II quadrant) was 'Preparation' in Korean parents, and 'Facility and equipment' in Japanese parents. Therefore, the items with relatively low satisfaction (performance) and high importance should be well-managed.

서비스 중요도를 사용한 서비스나무분석의 개선

박종훈(Jong Hun Park),황영훈(Young Hun Hwang),이상천(Sang Cheon Lee) 한국산업경영시스템학회 2017 한국산업경영시스템학회지 Vol.40 No.2

The purpose of this paper is to improve the service tree analysis introduced recently by Geum et al. [15]. Service tree analysis structures the service based on the customer participation perspective and provides a qualitative analysis method categorizing the service elements on the basis of its impact to top service. This paper attempts to apply the concept of reliability importance to the service tree analysis as a perspective of quantitative analysis, which is considered little in Geum et al. [15]. Reliability importance is a measure of the structural impact of the components that make up the system on the system lifetime in reliability engineering field and often used in fault tree analysis. We transform the reliability importance into service importance in accordance with service tree analysis, so that the influence of service elements on the service can be judged and compared. The service importance is defined as the amount of change of the service according to the change of the service element, therefore, it can be utilized as an index for determining a service element for service improvement. In addition, as an index for paired service elements, the relationship between the two service components can be measured by joint service importance. This paper introduces conceptual changes in the process of applying reliability importance to service analysis, and shows how to use the service importance for identifying the priority of service element for the final service and improving customer satisfaction through an example. By using the service importance and joint service importance in service tree analysis, it is possible to make efficient decision making in the process of determining the service elements for analyzing and improving the service.