배추와 무의 속간 잡종육성을 위한 배주배양시 배 발아에 미치는 BA와 GA의 효과

리왕영,조영환,백기엽 한국식물생명공학회 1997 식물생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.5

Brassica와 Raphanus 간에 속간 교잡종을 육성하기 위해서 34개의 교배 조합을 설정한 다음 수분 12일이 경과된 배주를 BA와 GA 1.0 ㎎/L가 첨가된 MS배지에 접종하고 배의 발아율을 조사하였다. BA나 GA 첨가는 배의 발아에 큰 영향을 미치지 않았다. 무 속의 '내병총태'와 '중국청피'를 부계로 교잡한 조합에서 배의 발아율이 낮았으나 갓(Brassica juncea)을 부계로 교잡한 조합에서는 비교적 배의 발아율이 높았다. 이러한 결과는 배주배양시 배지에 첨가한 casein hydrolysate, malt extract, BA, kinetin 및 glutamine이 배의 발아에 미치는 영향보다는 부계나 모계의 교잡조합에 따라 배의 발아율에 상당한 차이가 있다는 것을 의미한다. Intergeneric crosses over 34 cross combinations between genus Brassica and Raphanus were made. Ovules taken out of crossed were cultured on MS media supplemented with 1.0 mg/L GA and BA. Germination of embryo from ovule culture was not influenced by BA and GA in medium but by parental characters in its cross combination. Use of Raphanus sativus cv. Daibyosobudore and Jungkukcheongpi showed low embryo germination when they were used as male part. Cross combination with Brassica juncea as male parent showed slightly increased germination compared to other cross. These results indicated that embryo germination in ovule culture was not much influenced by casein hydrolysate, malt extract, BA, kinetin and glutamine in the medium, but parents in combination were key factor for increasing embryo germination.

딸기 교잡육종 시 품종적 성능에 미치는 자방친의 효과

노일래,조용섭,정재완,정호정 한국육종학회 2010 한국육종학회지 Vol.42 No.4

딸기의 우수한 교배친을 선발하기 위해 11품종의 자방친을 자식시켜 후대실생 개체들의 성능 검정한 결과 초세, 내병성, 수량성 등이 우수한 ‘아키히메’, ‘매향’, ‘설향’ 등 3품종을 자방친으로 선발하였다. 선발된 3품종에 대하여 조합능력 검정을 한 결과 초세는 ‘아키히메’가 자방친인 조합에서 가장 우수하였고, 성숙기는 ‘설향’이 자방친인 조합에서 빠른 경향이었다. 그리고 ‘설향’ x ‘도치오토메’, ‘설향’ x ‘금향’, ‘설향’ x ‘원교3111호’ In order to select excellent cross parents in strawberry breeding, 11 varieties were self-pollinated and tested their progenies. Among the 11 varieties, ‘Akihime’, ‘Maehyang’ and ‘Seolhyang’ showed superior in plant vigor, disease resistance and yield. Combining ability was tested using 15 progenies obtained from crosses between 3 selected varieties as seed parents and 5 varieties as pollen parents. Plant vigor was the strongest when ‘Akihime’ was used as a seed parent while ripening time tended to the fastest when ‘Seolhyang’ as a seed parent. Average fruit weight of the crosses ‘Seolhyang’ x ‘Tochiotome’, ‘Seolhyang’ x ‘Geumhyang’, ‘Seolhyang’ x ‘Wongyo 3111’ and ‘Akihime’ x ‘Wongyo 3111’ were above 18 g for marketable fruits. Fruit hardness was superior at crosses of ‘Maehyang’ as a seed parents to other crosses combinations, especially ‘Maehyang’ x ‘Tochiotome’. Soluble solid contents (SSC) was not significantly different among cross combinations. The best cross combination for marketable yield was ‘Akihime’ x ‘Wongyo 3111’, followed by ‘Seolhyang’ x ‘Geumhyang’, ‘Maehyang’ x ‘Geumhyang’, ‘Akihime’ x ‘Tochiotome’, in order.

참깨 F1世代의 雜種强勢效果과 優秀交配組合

李喆浩,李信雨 진주산업대학교 농업기술연구소 2006 農業技術硏究所報 Vol.19 No.-

참깨 13품종과 이들을 二面交雜하여 얻어진 78개의 F_(1)조합들을 대상으로 11개형질의 성적을 조사하여 heterosis효과를 검정한 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 交配親과 F_(1)의 형질을 비교해 보면, 開花期間, 成熟日數, 着□節數의 3형질을 제외한 모든 형질들에서 交配親에 비해 F_(1)의 형질들이 높게 평가되었다. 2. F_(1)에서 나타난 形質들의 heterobeltiosis를 보면 대부분의 형질에서 負의 有意性이 인정되었다. 3. 株當種實重은 23.76%의 가장 높은 heterosis효과를 보였고, 分枝數와 千粒重도 비교적 높게 평가되었으나 개화기간은 부의 heterosis효과가 높게 나타났다. 4. F_(1)세대에서 우수양친의 최대치보다 높게 나타난 조합이 많았던 형질들은 천립중, 주당수량, 착삭절수 등이었다. 5. 각 조합들의 수량에 대한 잡종강세효과를 보면 조합에 따라 그 정도와 방향이 달랐으나 -60.2~185.7%의 범위에서 높은 heterosis효과를 나타냈다. 6. 잡종강세효과가 가장 높게 인정된 조합을 보면 FAM2 및 수원11호의 교배조합들이었다. Heterosis and superior cross combinations for 13 agronomic characters in sesame were studied over cross populations from 13×13 diallel crosses. The significant positive heterosis over mid parent were observed for all characters, except days to flowering, days to maturity stem and number of capsule bearing node. Grain weight(yield) was expressed as the highest heterosis with -60.02~185.7%, the cross combinations of variety of FAM2 and Suweon 11 were superior among the other combinations.

옥수수 유망자식계통들의 잡종집단에서 주요 농업형질들의 유전분석

이주경,이명숙,신지현,김남수,박종열,박기진,류시환,민황기 한국자원식물학회 2004 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.17 No.3

This study was conducted to find out the scientific maize breeding protocol for developinghigh performing single cross hybrid using introduced U.S. elite inbred lines; the pattern ofinheritance, heterosis and heritabilities of six agronomic traits were studied in the progeniesderived from five crosses (Mo17/B14A, Va85/B73, C103/ND203, FR35/Oh43, Wf9/A632).Among the five cross combinations, the cross combination of Mo17/B14A showed thehighest heterosis for the most agronomic traits. Among 6 agronomic traits, the grain yieldshowed the highest heterosis effect in most cross combinations. Most of the agronomic traitsin this study showed more than 50% heritability for six cross combinations, with anexception of the ear length trait. In conclusion, since Mo17/B14A showed excellentperformance for most of the agronomic traits, these inbred lines were desirable combinationand regarded as superior germplasm sources for F1 hybrid development. The results ofcurrent studies will be utilized for developing high performing single cross hybrid frommaize inbred lines, and will be used for the further genetic analysis of agronomic traits andmaize breeding programs.

토종 종계 이면교배조합 시험에 따른 생산형질의 결합능력 추정

최은식(Eun Sik Choi),방민희(Min Hee Bang),김기곤(Ki Gon Kim),권재현(Jae Hyun Kwon),정옥영(Ok Young Jung),손시환(Sea Hwan Sohn) 한국가금학회 2017 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.44 No.3

본 연구는 국산 신품종 토종닭 개발을 위하여 국내 보유중인 원종계 5계통을 대상으로 5×5 이면교잡을 통해 생산된 교배조합종 암컷 1,157수를 대상으로 조합별 능력을 검정하고, 이를 이용하여 결합능력 및 상반교잡효과를 추정하였다. 생산능력에 대한 검정형질로는 체중, 생존율, 시산일령, 난중 및 산란율을 대상으로 하였다. 분석 결과, 일반결합능력에 있어 생존율은 —9.6∼11.1의 범위를 보이며 W계통이 가장 높았고, 12주 체중에서는 F계통이 가장 높은 추정치를 보이며, —209.7∼162.2의 범위로 추정되었다. 산란형질에 대한 일반결합능력의 추정치는 시산일령에서 —2.8∼3.7, 난중은 —0.91∼0.96, 일계산란율은 —4.9∼6.0의 범위를 보이며, W계통이 가장 높은 산란율을 나타내었다. 특정결합능력의 추정 결과, 생존율은 Y와 W계통 간의 조합이, 12주 체중은 F와 W계통 간의 조합이 가장 높았으며, 일계산란율은 G와 W간의 조합이 가장 높게 추정되었다. 상반교잡효과의 분석결과, 거의 모든 형질에서 유의한 차이를 보이며, 동일한 교배조합이라 할지라도 어느 쪽을 부모계로 이용하느냐에 따라 상이한 능력의 차이를 보였다. 결합능력을 근거로 한 조합가의 추정치로 생존율은 WY, WF, GW 순으로 높았고, 12주 체중에서는 GF, HG, HF 순으로 높았으며, 일계 산란율은 GW, YW, FW 순으로 높은 추정치를 나타내었다. 이상의 결과를 바탕으로 우수한 실용계(commercial chicken)를 작출하기 위한 최적의 종계(parents stock) 조합의 선정은 부 계통으로는 체중이 우수하면서 상대적으로 생존율이 양호한 GF나 HF조합이 적합할 것으로 사료되고, 모 계통은 산란능력이 우수하며 적절한 체중을 지닌 GW나 FW조합이 가장 바람직 할 것이라 사료된다. This study was conducted to develop a new synthetic breed of Korean native chicken. The combining ability and reciprocal effects for production traits were estimated on 1,157 hens from a 5 × 5 diallel cross-mating design using grand parent stock (GPS) lines of Korean native chicken. Body weight, viability, age at first egg laying, egg weight, and hen-day egg production were measured and analyzed. The results showed that the general combining ability (GCA) of the survival rate during laying periods was —9.6 to 11.1, with the highest value obtained in the W strain. Additionally, the GCA of the body weight at 12 weeks was —209.7 to 162.2, with the highest value obtained in the F strain. The GCA for age at fist egg laying was estimated to be —2.8 to 3.7, while the GCA of egg weight was —0.91 to 0.96, and the GCA of hen-day egg production was —4.9 to 6.0. In the estimation of specific combining ability, the YW combination showed the highest survival rate, FW showed the highest body weight at 12 weeks, and GW showed the highest hen-day egg production. The reciprocal effects were significantly different among crosses for almost all productivity traits. In identical breeding combinations, differences in ability were observed when the maternal or paternal breeds were switched. The mean value based on combining ability was higher in WY, WF, and GW combinations for survival rate; GF, HG, and HF combinations for body weight at 12 weeks; and GW, YW, and FW combinations for hen-day egg production. It is concluded that the GF and HF combinations, which have excellent growth performance and moderate survival rate, are the most desirable paternal parent stock (PS) strains, and the GW and FW combinations, which have great laying performance and moderate body weight, are the most desirable maternal PS strains.

토종닭의 이면교배조합 시험을 이용한 신품종 종계 개발

손시환(Sea Hwan Sohn),최은식(Eun Sik Choi),김기곤(Ki Gon Kim),박병호(Byeongho Park),추효준(Hyo Jun Choo),허정민(Jung Min Heo),오기석(Ki Suk Oh) 한국가금학회 2021 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.48 No.2

본 연구는 생산능력이 우수한 신품종 토종 종계를 개발하기 위하여 ㈜한협원종이 보유한 원종계(GPS) 4개 계통 934수를 이용하여 4 × 4 이면교배조합(diallel cross-mating) 검정 시험을 실시하였다. 검정 형질로서 외모 형태, 생존율, 체중, 초산일령, 난중 및 산란율을 대상으로 조합별 생산능력, 조합가, 결합능력 및 상반교잡 효과를 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 대부분의 교배조합 개체들의 깃털 색은 황갈색 및 적갈색과 이들 색 간의 혼합 양상을 나타내었다. 전체 조합의 평균 생존율은 86.8±12.3%이고, YH 조합의 생존율이 가장 높았다. 생존율의 조합가는 특정결합능력이 일반결합능력에 비해 상대적으로 크게 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, HY의 특정결합능력이 가장 높게 나타났다. 체중의 경우, 16개의 교배 조합이 유전적 특성에 따라 세 그룹으로 명확히 구분되는 것으로 나타났다. 12주령 체중의 교배조합별 조합가는 계통별 일반결합능력이 두 계통 간의 특정결합능력보다 크게 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, FH 조합에서 가장 높은 조합가가 추정되었다. 산란 형질에 있어 전체 교배조합구의 평균 초산일령은 157일로서 교잡 구가 순계 구보다 빠른 성 성숙을 보였다. 전체 조합의 평균 일계산란율은 69.0±10.9%로서 이들 중 SY 조합이 가장 높은 산란율을 보였다. 산란율의 일반결합능력과 특정결합능력의 추정 범위가 거의 비슷한 값을 나타내고 있으며, 교배조합 간 특정결합능력은 HS 및 FY조합에서 높게 나타났다. 또한 상반교잡 효과는 대부분의 조합에서 S와 Y를 모(母)로 사용하였을 때 자손들의 산란능력이 상대적으로 높게 나타났다. 이상의 결과에 따라 신품종 토종닭 종계로써 부계는 체중이 우수하면서 상대적으로 생존율이 양호한 FH나 HF 조합이, 모계는 산란능력이 우수하며 적절한 체중을 지닌 FY, FS, HY 및 SY 조합이 바람직한 것으로 사료된다. We conducted a 4 × 4 diallel cross-mating test using 934 chickens from four grandparent stock lines to develop a new synthetic breed of Korean native chicken. The mean values, combining ability, and reciprocal effects on survival rate, body weight, and hen-day egg production were analyzed. In phenotypes, most chickens have yellowish-brown, reddish-brown and mixed color feathers. The average survival rate was 86.8±12.3%, with the highest in YH combination. Specific combining ability (SCA) had a greater effect on survival rate than general combining ability (GCA), and the SCA of HY combination was the highest. The 16 cross-combinations were distinctly divided into three weight groups according to their genetic characteristics. At 12 weeks of age, GCA showed a greater effect on weight than SCA, and the SCA of FH combination was the highest. The age at first egg laying was 157 days, and the crosses reached sexual maturity faster than the pure lines. The egg production rate was highest in SY at 79.5±2.1%. The GCA and SCA for hen-day egg production were similar, and the SCA was highest in the HS and FY combinations. The reciprocal effect showed that the offspring’s egg production rate was high when S and Y were maternal parents in almost all combinations. In conclusion, FH and HF combinations, which have excellent growth performance, are the most desirable paternal parent stock strains, and FY, FS, HY, and SY combinations, which have excellent laying performance with moderate weight, are the preferred maternal strains.

십자와 적록 조합시표를 이용한 노안 가입도 측정

위성현,문병연,유동식 한국안광학회 2008 한국안광학회지 Vol.13 No.4

Purpose: To compare the tentative and final addition, a combination chart of cross-grid and red green with the final addition prescribed in presbyopia were used in this study. Methods: The study subjects were 60 persons with presbyopia who were 41 to 60 years (mean: 51.7 years). Tentative addition were determined using red green chart (RG), cross-grid chart (CG) and the combination chart (red green cross-grid chart, RGCG) of the above two. And the final addition for a 40 cm working distance was determined for each subject by adjusting the tentative addition. Results: It was found that there were statistically significant differences of the final addition and the tentative addition between the each different test method. This result indicated that using the red-green cross-grid chart is the higher repeatability. Conclusions: This study shows that red green cross-grid chart (RGCG) seems to be get proper data for determining addition in presbyopes, and this method would be helpful in the diagnostic evaluation of addition in binocular vision testing. 목적: 노안에서 십자와 적록을 조합한 시표를 사용하여 얻어진 잠정가입도와 최종가입도를 비교하기 위해 실시하 였다. 방법: 대상자는 41~60세(평균연령 51.7세) 사이의 노안이 있는 60명으로 하였다. 잠정가입도는 십자시표(CG), 적록시표(RG) 및 두 가지 시표를 조합하여 만든 적록십자시표(RGCG)를 사용하여 결정하였으며, 최종가입도는 검 사거리 40cm에서 각 대상자에 맞게 잠정가입도를 조정하여 결정하였다. 결과: 측정 방법별 잠정가입도와 최종가입 도 사이의 유의한 차이가 있었으며, 적록십자시표에 의한 방법이 높은 신뢰도(repeatability)를 나타냈다. 결론: 적록 십자시표(RGCG)는 노안 가입도 결정에 필요한 적절한 데이터를 얻을 수 있으며, 양안시 임상에서 가입도 처방의 진단 평가에 유용할 것이다.

저강도 유산소 운동을 병행한 크로스핏 운동이 체구성, 운동수행력 그리고 유산소성 능력에 미치는 영향

안상영,박윤진 한국사회체육학회 2023 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.- No.91

Purpose: We investigated the effects of Cross-Fit exercise combiningo lw-intensity aerobic exercise on body composition, exercise performance, and aerobic ability of adult males with high-intensity exercise experience. Method: Subjects consisted of 20 adult male patients. Subjects were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups: CrossFit group (CFG, n=10) ; CrossFit combining low-intensity aerobic exercise group C(FCG, n=10). The CrossFit combining low-intensity aerobic exercise consisted of warm up (10 min), CrossFit (20 min) , low intensity aerobic exercise (20min) and cool down (10 min).T his training is performed 4 days pe r week for 8 weeks. Results: In the present result, weight showed significant differences between groups and group-time interactions, but muscle mass and body fat percentage did not show significant differences. There was a significant difference in exercise performance between periods and group-time interactions. Also, the 2000m rowing time and maximal oxygen intake showed significant differences. Conclusion: These findings indicate that 8 weeks of CrossFit combining lwo-intensity aerobic exercise can be effective in terms of improving body composition and physical ability for adult males.

Combination of Classifiers Decisions for Multilingual Speaker Identification

( B. G. Nagaraja ),( H. S. Jayanna ) 한국정보처리학회 2017 Journal of information processing systems Vol.13 No.4

State-of-the-art speaker recognition systems may work better for the English language. However, if the same system is used for recognizing those who speak different languages, the systems may yield a poor performance. In this work, the decisions of a Gaussian mixture model-universal background model (GMMUBM) and a learning vector quantization (LVQ) are combined to improve the recognition performance of a multilingual speaker identification system. The difference between these classifiers is in their modeling techniques. The former one is based on probabilistic approach and the latter one is based on the fine-tuning of neurons. Since the approaches are different, each modeling technique identifies different sets of speakers for the same database set. Therefore, the decisions of the classifiers may be used to improve the performance. In this study, multitaper mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) are used as the features and the monolingual and cross-lingual speaker identification studies are conducted using NIST-2003 and our own database. The experimental results show that the combined system improves the performance by nearly 10% compared with that of the individual classifier.

The Combining Ability Analysis and Heterosis for some Quanitatives Traits in the Silkworm (Bombyx mori L.)

( S. H. Hosseini Moghaddam ),( K. Etebari ) 한국잠사학회 2005 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.10 No.2

Recently two breeding programs were carried out for isolation of new parental inbred lines in Iran. This study was undertaken in order to estimate the combining ability effects and heterosis of these lines. For this purpose an 8×8 diallel cross analysis including eight inbred lines of silkworm with four lines from each program were studied for their five quantitative traits. The results indicated that reciprocal effects appeared insignificant for most of traits. Japanese lines of 111 and 113 were best combiners for shell weight, cocoon weight and shell percentage traits. With respect to pupation rate, Chinese line 110 was the best and according to general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) variances, it is superior in specific combinations. Hybrid 109×110 showed better characters for both productive and viability traits. Hybrids with high heterosis had high SCA too.