사례분석을 통한 규제비용편익분석의 실무적 쟁점과 정책적 함의

서성아 ( Saungah Sau ),임인선 ( Insun Lim ),우소현 ( Sohyun Woo ),강문선 ( Moonsun Kang ),조쌍은 ( Ssangeun Jo ),배정윤 ( Jeongyoon Bae ),김진영 ( Jinyoung Kim ),김리아 ( Rhea Kim ),이민호 ( Minho Lee ) 한국정책학회 2020 韓國政策學會報 Vol.29 No.2

과거 규제비용편익분석의 필요성을 논의하던 시기에서, 이제는 규제비용편익분석의 수행 방법을 논의하는 시기로 변모해오고 있다. 규제비용편익분석의 제도적 도입이 이미 20년 전에 이루어졌음에도 불구하고, 과거 형식적이고 부실하게 이루어진 규제비용편익분석의 경험은 오히려 비용관리제 도입 이후 규제비용편익분석의 실질적 수행을 강조하는 상황에서 실무적 혼란을 가중시키고 있다. 이러한 배경에서, 본 연구는 최근 2018-2019년도에 작성된 규제비용편익분석서들을 중심으로 탐색적 사례연구를 통해 규제비용편익분석 과정에서 논란이 제기되는 쟁점사항을 파악하고 이에 대한 해결방안을 모색하고자 하였다. 분석 결과, 영향집단의 식별과 비용편익항목의 식별, 비용편익항목의 측정의 단계별로 ①공공기관의 식별, ②대상집단의 규모 예측, ③직접효과와 간접효과의 구분, ④규제비용의 이전효과 식별, ⑤기회비용접근법을 통한 분석, ⑥규제효과 비교를 위한 기준선 설정, ⑦분석대상기간의 설정, ⑧정량적 규제편익 측정의 불확실성의 8개 항목에 대해 17개 세부 쟁점사항을 발굴하였으며, 구체적인 사례를 통해 쟁점 발생의 원인 및 해결 방안과 관련한 논의를 전개하였다. 관련 쟁점사항에 대한 다양한 규제비용편익분석의 사례들을 축적하고 그 경향성을 파악함으로써 적정한 판단기준을 경험적으로 수립할 필요가 제기되며, 규제비용편익분석 과정에서 발굴된 쟁점을 통해 현행 규제관리제도의 흠결을 개선하는 노력도 필요하다. 향후 규제비용편익분석의 활용이 더욱 확대될 것으로 예상되며 이론과 현실 간의 간극을 완화하기 위한 지속적인 검토와 대응방안 마련이 요구된다. We have moved from discussing the potential need for regulatory cost-benefit analysis to discussing how to conduct it. Although the institutional introduction of regulatory cost-benefit analysis took place 20 years ago, the past practice of formally and insufficiently conducted regulatory cost-benefit analysis rather adds to the practical confusion at a time when the actual performance of this analysis is emphasized after the introduction of the Regulatory Cost Management System(Cost-In, Cost-Out, CICO). Against this backdrop, this study sought to identify controversial issues in the process of analyzing regulatory cost-benefits through an exploratory case study focusing on the recent analysis of regulatory cost-benefits implemented in 2018-2019, as well as to seek solutions to these issues. As a result of the analysis, 17 detailed issues in 8 items(①Identification of Public Institutions, ②Prediction of Target Group Size, ③Classification of Direct and Indirect Effects, ④Identification of the Transfer Effects of Regulatory Costs, ⑤Analysis Through Opportunity Cost Approach, ⑥Setting a Baseline for a Regulatory Effects Comparison, ⑦Setting the Analysis Period ⑧Uncertainty in the Measurement of Quantitative Regulatory Benefits) were discovered at the stages of “Identification of Impact Group”, “Identification of Cost-Benefit Analysis Items” and “Measurement of Cost-Benefit Items”. An appropriate criterion for judgment must be empirically established by accumulating various cases of regulatory cost-benefit analysis on related issues and identifying their tendencies. Also it is necessary to make efforts to improve the flaws in the current CICO through issues identified in the process of analyzing regulatory cost-benefits. The use of regulatory cost-benefit analysis is expected to expand further in the future, and continuous reviews and countermeasures are required to ease the gap between theory and reality.

대한병원 영양부서 운영체계 변경의 내용, 편익분석

김형미,양일선,박은철,임현숙 대한영양사협회 2000 대한영양사협회 학술지 Vol.6 No.1

Environmental pressures from such sources an economic condition, the government and inter-institutional competition create managerial challenges. Economic pressures may be forcing dietetic dept. in hospital to utilize cost·benefit analysis to assist them in their problem solving. Cost·benefit analysis have been widely used in business, industry and many other fields with only limited application to foodservice. Due to the lack or this information, the purposes of this study were to identify use of cost·benefit analysis in hospital foodservice system to evaluate the economic efficiency of alternatives, and to make recommendation for operation system change. Using the cost·benefit method, cash flows are separated into cost and benefits. These cash flows are converted to Net Present Value (NPV) and the total costs are compared to total benefits. For an alternative to be selected, indicators, such as NPV, benefit-cost ratio (B/C ratio) with 5% discount rate per annum. The sensitivity analysis was also conducted with difference rate 3%, 7% respectively and reduced employee payroll change. The result of this study can be summarized as follows : 1. The total cost of investment for operation system change was 390,570 thousand won and the total benefit through operation system change was 865,808 thousand won. 2. Net present value(NPV) for 5 years was 475,239 thousand won and benefit-cost ratio was 2.22. 3. In sensitivity analysis with different discount rate 3%, 7%, benefit-cost ratio was 2.25, 2.18 respectively, with total reduced employee payroll change, benefit-cost ratio was 2.86. In conclusion, total benefits were exceeded total costs. Therefore, the project of operation system change in hospital foodservice was found to be economically efficient.

규제영향분석서 비용편익분석 부문의 실태에 관한 연구

최성락,이혜영 한국규제학회 2020 규제연구 Vol.29 No.1

Existing studies on RIA focus mainly on the system and operation of regulatory impact analysis. Therefore, there is a lack of empirical research on how actual cost-benefit analysis in RIA is conducted. In order to overcome these limitations, this study attempted to empirically examine the status of cost-benefit analysis in the regulatory impact analysis. To this end, the current status of the cost-benefit analysis in the regulatory impact analysis was analyzed in this study, focusing on 876 regulatory impact analyzes made in 2019. We have reviewed how much quantitative analysis is actually conducted, what are the measured values ​​of cost and benefit, whether the target of analysis is sufficiently considered when measuring cost benefit, and whether various impact assessments are conducted. According to the analysis of the cost-benefit analysis in the regulatory impact analysis, most of them are based on qualitative analysis, there are significant deviations in the measured value of benefits rather than the cost, and the net cost of the regulatory impact is represented above zero in many cases. In addition, little indirect costs were considered, and government enforcement costs were rarely considered, and the impact on various groups was not properly considered. In order for the regulatory impact analysis to have a more positive impact on the establishment of high-quality regulations, these limitations in cost-benefit analysis need to be supplemented. 본 연구는 기존 연구들이 주로 규제영향분석의 제도와 운영에 초점을 맞춤으로써 실제 비용편익분석이 어떻게 이루어지는가에 대한 실증적 연구가 부족하다는 한계를 인식하고 규제영향분석서 상 비용편익분석의 실태를 실증적으로 검토해 보고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 2019년 입법예고된 총 1993건 중에서 규제영향분석서가 첨부된 876건을 중심으로 규제영향분석서 상의 비용편익분석의 실태를 분석하였다. 실제 정량적 분석은 어느 정도 이루어지고 있는지, 비용 및 편익의 측정값은 어느 정도인지, 비용편익 측정 시 분석 대상은 충분히 고려되고 있는지, 그리고 각종 영향평가의 시행 여부 등을 실증적으로 검토해 보았다. 규제영향분석서 상의 비용편익분석 내용을 분석한 결과, 대부분 정성분석 위주로 분석이 이루어지고 있다는 점, 비용보다 편익의 측정값이 상당히 큰 편차가 존재한다는 점, 편익의 정량화가 제대로 고려되지 않고 있다는 점, 간접 비용은 거의 고려되지 않고 있다는 점, 정부의 집행비용도 거의 고려되지 않고 있다는 점, 다양한 집단에 대한 영향이 제대로 고려되지 않고 있다는 점이 주요 한계점으로 제시되었다. 규제영향분석서가 품질 높은 규제 제정에 보다 긍정적인 영향을 미치기 위해서는, 이러한 비용편익분석 상의 한계점들이 보완될 필요가 있다.

Cost Benefit Analysis of Treatment Process for Spent Filter

Narae Lee,Jisoo Yoon,Kyung Rok Park,Moonoh Kim 한국방사성폐기물학회 2023 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.21 No.2

The treatment process for Spent Filter(SF) of Kori-1 was developed that includes the following : 1) Taking out by robot system 2) Screening by ISOCS 3) Collection of representative samples using a sampling machine 4) Compression 5) Immobilization 6) Packaging and nuclide analysis and 7) Delivery/disposal. Although the robot system, ISOCS, sampling machine and immobilization facility are essentially required for building the above processing but decision to build the compression system and nuclide analysis system must be made after reviewing the need and cost benefit for their construction. In addition, for effcient SF treatment, it is necessary to determine the nuclide concentration range of the SF to which immobilization will be applied. In this study, a cost benefit analysis was performed on existing and alternative methods for processes related to compression treatment, nuclide analysis and immobilization methods, which are greatly affected by economics and efficiency according to the design. First, although the disposal cost is reduced with reducing the number of packaging drums by compressed and packaged but the expected benefits not be equal to or greater than the cost invested in building a compression system. As a result, non-compressed treatment of SF is expected to be economical because the construction cost of compression system is more expensive than the benefits of reducing disposal costs by compression. Second, a cost benefit analysis of direct and indirect nuclide analysis methods was performed. For indirect analysis, scaling factors should be developed and the drum scanner suitable for the analysis for DAW should be improved. As a result, direct analysis applied grouping options is expected to be more economical than indirect analysis requiring the cost for developing scaling factors and improving the scanner. Third, it is timeconsuming and inefficient to distinguish and collect filters that are subject to be immobilized according to the waste acceptance criteria among the disorderly stored SFs in the filter rooms. If the benefits of immobilization of the SFs selectively are not greater than the benefits of immobilization of all SFs, it can be economical to immobilize all SFs regardless of the nuclide concentration of them. As a result, it is more economical to immobilize all SFs with various nuclide concentrations than to selectively immobilize them. The conclusion of this study is that it is not only cost-effective but also disposal-effective to design the treatment process of SF to adopt non-compressed processing, direct analysis and immobilization of all SFs.

사회적 규제비용편익분석의 현황 진단 및 활성화 방안 연구 -조건부 가치측정법을 통한 규제의 사회적 가치·비교 분석을 중심으로-

이민호(LEE, Minho) 한국규제학회 2019 규제연구 Vol.28 No.1

규제영향분석이 제도적으로 도입된 지 20여년이 경과하였으나, 여전히 실제 수행과정에 있어 많은 한계점이 지적되고 있다. 그 가운데서도 규제에 따른 사회적 영향을 충분히 분석하고 있지 못하다는 점이 최근의 규제정책 논의에서 특히 강조되고 있으며, 현 정부에서는 사회적 규제비용편익분석의 강화를 중요한 정책과제로 제시한 바 있다. 이러한 배경에서, 본 연구에서는 사회적 규제비용편익분석이 분석 단위로서 전체 사회(society as a whole)를 접근하는 기존 방식과 차별화하여, 분석 내용으로서 사회적 목적(society as an end)으로서 사회적 가치에 초점을 맞춘 분석이 강조되어야 할 것으로 지적하였다. 비용관리제 도입 이후 피규제 기업·소상공인에 대한 규제비용 분석에만 치중하였던 것에 대한 반성으로서, 일반 국민과 사회전체를 대상으로 한 규제의 사회적 편익에 대한 분석을 확대할 필요가 있으며, 규제정책을 통한 사회적 가치 제고의 효과를 기대할 수 있을 것이다. 이러한 사회적 규제비용편익분석의 개념적 이해를 기준으로 기존에 규제영향분석서 작성과정에서 사회적 비용편익분석의 적용 수준을 분석하였으며, 피규제자 이외의 집단에 대한 규제의 사회적 영향을 정량적인 방식으로 일정 수준 이상으로 분석한 사례가 2015-2016년 사이에 작성된 총 2,355건의 분석서 가운데 64건으로서 2.7%에 불과한 것으로 파악하였다. 이와 함께 본 연구에서는 사회적 규제비용편익분석의 주요 항목으로서 사회적 가치의 추정과 상대적 비교를 통해 향후 분석과정에서 참조할 수 있는 기초적 정보를 제공하고자 하였다. 환경, 재난안전, 취약계층 보호, 경제 활성화의 4개 부문에 대한 주요 규제정책의 사회적 편익을 조건부 가치측정법(CVM)을 통해 추정하였으며, 추가적으로 4개 부문 총 25개 규제정책사례에 대해서도 상대적인 가치평가의 우선순위를 검토하였다. 이와 함께, 결론에서는 본 연구를 통해 논의된 쟁점들을 바탕으로, 사회적 비용편익분석 활성화를 위한 현행 규제영향분석 제도 운영 개선과 관련한 정책적 시사점을 제시하였다. Although regulatory impact analysis has been institutionalized for over 20 years, there are still many limitations in the actual implementation process. In particular, the current regulatory policy debate emphasizes the fact that the social effects of regulation are not fully analyzed, and the current government has suggested strengthening the analysis of social regulatory cost benefits as an important policy task. In this context, this study pointed out that the analysis focusing on social value as social purpose should be emphasized as the analytic contents(society as an end approach) by differentiating the social regulatory cost benefit analysis from the existing approach as the analysis unit (society as a whole approach). As a reflection on the focus on the regulation cost analysis of regulated firms and small business owners after the introduction of the Cost-in, Cost-out system, it is necessary to expand the analysis of the social benefits of regulation for the general public, which can be expected to contribute enhancing social values of government regulations. Based on the conceptual understanding of the social cost-benefit analysis, the level of application of the social cost-benefit analysis in the current process of preparing the regulatory impact analysis was analyzed. As a result, only 64 (2.7%) of the total 2,355 analyses completed between 2015-2016 have conducted quantitative cost-benefit analyses on general public. In addition, this study intends to provide basic information that can be referenced in future analysis through social value estimation and relative comparison. The social benefits of major regulatory policies for the four sectors of environment, disaster safety, vulnerable class protection, and economic activation were estimated through using the Contingent Value Method(CVM). In conclusion, based on the issues discussed in this study, some policy implications are suggested to improve current regulation impact analysis system for revitalizing social cost benefit analysis.

풍진 예방접종사업의 비용-편익분석

신영전,최보율,박항배,문옥륜,윤배중,Shin, Young-Jeon,Choi, Bo-Youl,Park, Hung-Bae,Moon, Ok-Ryun,Yoon, Bae-Joong 대한예방의학회 1994 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.27 No.2

Rubella is a viral disease with mild constitutional symptoms and generalized rashes. In childhood, it is an inconsequential illness, but when it occurs during early pregnant period, there are significant risks of heart defects, cataract, mental retardation to the fetus. The series of congenital defects induced by rubella is called 'congenital rubella syndrome'. Many research have been performed to find out more effective prevention program on rubella. The objectives of this study are, first, to calculate the incidence rate of acute rubella infection and congenital rubella syndrome in Korea, second, to evaluate economic efficiency of several rubella vaccination policies and to offer data for the most reasonable decision on vaccination policy. Study populations are 663,312 children of one year-old in 1992. The author has performed cost-benefit analyses according to the three vaccination policies-U.S.A.'s. U.K.'s and Sweden's. In this Study, the author got the incidence rate of acute rubella infection using the catalytic model. In the meantime, the author used 50 per 100,000 live births as the incidence rate of congenital rubella syndrome. The discount rate used in this study was 5 percent per annum. The sensitivity analyses were done with different discount rates (4%, 7%) and different incidence rate of congenital rubella syndrome (10,100 per 100,000 live births) : The study results are as follows: 1. Without vaccination, lifetime expenditures per patient for acute rubella infeciton amount to 14,822 won and the total expenditures to about 3.1 billion won. Meanwhile, lifetime expenditures per patient for congenital rubella syndrome amount to about 91 million won and the total expenditures to about 16.3 billion won without vaccination. 2. The cost of vaccination for a child of one year old was 2,322 won and the total cost for the one year old children was about 1.5 billion won (American style). The cost for vaccination of female children at fifteen was about 339 million won (Birtish style). And the cost of vaccination at one for both sex and female children at fifteen was about 1.9 billion won (Swedish style). 3. The benefit to cost ratios of vaccination of female children at fifteen that is the british mode of rubella vaccination, was 60.0 at the level of 80% population coverage and 48.6 at 100% coverage. It shows much higher benefit to cost ratio than those of the other two vaccination policies. 4. Both net benefits of vaccination at one (American style) and that of vaccinations at one and fifteen (Swedish style) range from about 17.0 billion to 17.8 billion won, those were larger than that of vaccinations of female children at fifteen (Birtish style, about 16.0 billion). 5. In marginal cost-benefit analysis of only additional program of revaccination, the benefit to cost ratios were 3.6 (80% coverage rate) or 0.6 (100% coverage rate). It implies that additional program was less efficient or inefficient. 6. In sensitivity analysis with different discount rates(4% or 7%) and different incidence rates of congenital rubella syndrome (10 or 100 per 100,000 live births), the benefit to cost ratios has fluctuated in wide range. However, all the ratios of vaccination of female children at fifteen were higher than those of the others. Even under the most conservative assumption, the benefit to cost ratios of all the rubella vaccination policies were higher than 3.3. In conclusion, all the rubella vaccination policies found to be cost-effective and particularly the vaccination of female children at fifteen was strongly recommended.

사교육 없는 학교 사업에 대한 비용-편익 분석

이광현(Kwang-hyun Lee),홍지영(Ji-young Hong) 한국지방교육경영학회 2013 지방교육경영 Vol.17 No.2

본 연구는 이 논문에서는 사교육 없는 학교 1차년도 사업결과에 대해서 비용-편익분석을 이용하여 사교육 없는 학교 사업이 사교육비를 실질적으로 줄이는데 기여했는지에 대한 평가를 수행하였다. 이를 위하여 사업 전과 사업 후에 실시된 학교별 학생 1인당 사교육비 조사결과를 이용하여 두 시점, 즉 12개월 동안 사교육비가 선형으로 감소되었는지 혹은 비선형으로 감소되었는지에 대한 몇 가지 가정 하에서 비용-편익 분석을 수행하였다. 분석결과 월평균 사교육비가 사업시기 1년동안 비선형관계인 오목형으로 감소했다는 가정에서 편익이 약 655억원으로 1차년도 사업비용인 572억원보다 약 83억원이 많은 것으로 산출되고 있다. 선형으로 감소했다는 추정 하에서는 순편익이 오목형 감소추세 가정보다 약 4배 정도 많은 약 372억원이 산출되는 것으로 나타나서 사교육 없는 학교 사업이 비용-편익분석 결과 편익이 더 많은 사업으로 평가할 수 있다. 한편 비용-편익분석을 학교급별로 분석한 결과 일반계 고등학교에서만 오목형으로 감소한다는 가정 하에서 비용이 다소간 크게 나타났으며, 지역규모별로 보았을 때 서울에서도 비용이 편익보다 크게 나타났다. 시도별로 분석한 결과에서는 서울과 더불어 경기도, 충북, 전북이 오목형으로 감소한다는 가정 하에서 비용이 편익보다 더 크게 산출되는 지역으로 나타났다. 학교규모의 경우 소규모학교(1-12학급규모)에서는 모든 가정 하에서 비용이 더 크게 나타났다. 따라서 지속적으로 사업을 시행해나가면서 일반계 고등학교와 일부 비용이 더 큰 시도에 대한 컨설팅 및 지원강화가 필요할 것으로 보인다. 소규모 학교의 경우 규모의 경제에 기인한 결과로 볼 수 있으며 이들 학교들은 기본적으로 학생 1인당 사교육비가 적기 때문에 지속적인 지원을 통해 별도의 목표(예를 들면 사교육 제로 플랜 등)를 세워서 사업을 운영할 필요가 있을 것으로 보인다. The purpose of this article is to evaluate whether first round of no-private school contributes to decrease private education expenditure using cost-benefit(CB) analysis. Using the private education cost survey data implemented by before and after the event for all no-private education schools, we made five assumptions of the pattern of reducement of private education expenditure of the schools. Analysis results show that the benefit is about 65.5 billion won which is larger than the cost 57.2 billion won based on the assumption that the private education expenditure decreased as the concave pattern. Under the assumption of linear decrease, net benefit is 37.2 billion won which is four times larger than that of the concave decrease assumption. CB analysis also reveals that benefit exceeds cost at the elementary and middle schools while cost exceeds benefit at the general high schools. Four regional size CB analysis shows cost exceed benefit for Seoul area, and 16 provincial CB analysis shows that cost exceeds benefit for Seoul, Gyeonggi, Chungbuk, Jeonbuk under the concave decrease assumption. School size analysis reveals that cost exceed benefit for small school(1~13 classes) under all assumptions. Thus, it is necessary that more consulting for general high schools and those provinces where cost exceed benefit. The reason that small schools did not make net benefit would be economy of scale. Per pupil private education expenditure of these small schools is basically low, so special aim might be set for these small schools.

행복 ( 공공 ) 기숙사 사업의 타당성 분석

문찬주(Moon, ChanJu),허광영(Heo, KwangYeong),김영식(Kim, YeongSik),정동욱(Jeong, DongWook) 한국교육재정경제학회 2017 敎育財政 經濟硏究 Vol.26 No.3

이 연구는 비용-편익 비율(B/C), 순현재가치법(NPV), 내부수익률(IRR)을 활용하여 8개 대학에서 시행예정인 행복(공공)기숙사 사업의 타당성 분석을 위해 설계 및 시공기간 2년, 운영기간 30년을 포함한 32년간의 비용-편익을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 행복기숙사 건립의 대안으로 민자기숙사 건립 방안을 설정하였고, 비용-편익 분석결과의 비교를 통해 행복기숙사 사업과 민자기숙사 사업 중, 어느 대안이 더 타당한 것인지 분석하였다. 또한 지역규모에 따른 효과를 살펴보기 위해 지역 별로 비용-편익 분석을 실시하였다. 마지막으로 민감도 분석을 위해 할인율, 기숙사수용률을 다르게 설정한 비용-편익 분석을 실시했다. 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 비용-편익 비율(B/C), 순현재가치법(NPV), 내부수익률(IRR) 추정결과, 행복기숙사 사업이 민자기숙사에 비해 비용 대비 편익이 더 큰 사업이었다. 둘째, 기숙사가 위치한 소재지 규모에 따른 비용-편익 분석결과, 서울시, 광역시, 시군 규모 순으로 행복기숙사 건립 방안의 비용 대비 편익이 큰 것을 확인하였다. 셋째, 기숙사 수용률에 따른 비용-편익 분석결과, 행복기숙사 사업이 완공이후, 30년간 기숙사 수용률이 60% 정도를 충족한다고 하더라도 비용 대비 편익이 더 큰 사업임을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 행복기숙사 사업이 민자기숙사에 비해 사회적 편익이 큰 사업임을 시사하는 동시에, 소재지역의 규모가 큰 곳일수록 사회적 편익이 큼을 의미한다. 또한 실제 운영과정에 있어, 기 숙사수용률이 60% 정도까지 낮아지더라도 안정적으로 운영이 가능한 사업임을 시사하는 바이다. The purpose of this study is to analyze the feasibility of the Happy(Public) Dormitory project to be implemented by eight universities using the cost-benefit ratio (B/C), net present value method (NPV), and internal rate of return (IRR). The analysis period is two years for the design period and 30 years for the operation period. As an alternative, we set up a private residence dormitory and compared the results of the cost - benefit analysis to find out which alternative is more appropriate among the happy dormitory project and the private dormitory project. In addition, cost - benefit analysis was conducted for each region to examine the effects of regional size. Lastly, for the sensitivity analysis, cost-benefit analysis was conducted with different discount rate and dormitory acceptance rate. The results of the analysis are as follows. First, cost - benefit ratio (B/C), net present value method (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR) estimation result showed that the happy dormitory project was more cost - effective than the private dormitory. Second, the results of the cost - benefit analysis according to the size of the residence where the dormitory is located show that the cost - benefit ratio of the dormitory building in Seoul, metropolitan city is higher than small city. Third, as a result of the cost - benefit analysis according to the dormitory acceptance rate, it was confirmed that even though the dormitory acceptance rate of the dormitory is 60% after 30 years of completion. This result suggests that the happy dormitory project is a business with big social benefits as compared with the private dormitory, and the larger the area, the greater the social benefits. In addition, it suggests that it is a stable business even if the dormitory acceptance rate drops to around 60% in actual operation.

환경을 고려한 하청정비사업의 비용편익분석

김지현,최미희 대한국토·도시계획학회 2002 國土計劃 Vol.37 No.2

The objective of this study is to undertake the advanced cost-benefit analysis of river project that usually makes a plan for flood prevention, water purification, waterside park, etc. If decisions regarding the environment are to be fully informed and efficient, it is necessary to take into account all benefits and costs of a particular decision or project. However, traditional cost-benefit analysis tends to neglect environmental impacts coming from relative difficulties of environmental valuation and lack of environmental awareness. As a river project, Namhan River Project is expected to have a great deal of impacts on regional society, economy and ecology in association with social costs and benefits. This study attempts to explore an integrated model combining economic feasibility and environmental impact analysis of this Project, taking these related social costs and benefits into consideration. In this study, the costs and benefits of Namhan River Project were identified and calculated, respectively. And with applying a discount rate of 7.5%, Net Present Value(5,184 million won), Benefit-Cost Ratio(1.02), and Internal Rate of Return(9%) were estimated. The result of sensitivity analysis showed that Project has been estimated to have almost identical costs and benefits. However, we should be aware of the limitation of this research in terms of valuation of ecological impacts on aquatic fauna and flora.

의미연결망분석을 통한 스마트워치 사용자의 지각된 혜택과 비용에 대한 연구: 애플워치를 중심으로

이유림 ( Lee Yu Lim ),정민지 ( Jung Minji ),김아영 ( Kim Ahyoung ),박인형 ( Park In-hyoung ),정재은 ( Chung Jae-eun ) 한국소비자학회 2019 소비자학연구 Vol.30 No.6

본 연구는 소비자가 스마트워치를 사용하며 경험하는 혜택과 비용의 내용과 구조를 파악하고 기존연구에서 제시한 제품수용 이전의 지각된 혜택과 비용과 어떠한 차이점이 있는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 소비자가 경험하는 혜택과 비용의 대상을 스마트워치 기기와 어플리케이션으로 분류하였으며, 혜택은 효용적 혜택과 쾌락적 혜택을 포함하고 비용은 인지적 비용과 감정적 비용으로 구분될 것을 제안하였다. 이를 살펴보기 위해 국내에 출시된 스마트워치제품 가운데 애플워치를 사용한 경험이 있는 소비자가 작성한 텍스트 데이터를 소셜미디어에서 수집하고 R을 이용하여 텍스트 빈도분석, 군집분석 그리고 의미연결망분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 소비자가 애플워치에 대해 느끼는 혜택과 비용의 대상은 ‘디자인 및 엑세서리’와 ‘부품 및 사후서비스’를 포함하는 기기 측면과 ‘생산성 및 음악 어플리케이션’과 ‘신체활동 관련 어플리케이션’을 포함하는 어플리케이션 측면으로 분류되었다. 의미연결망분석 결과 소비자는 착용감, 배터리 용량, 심미성 등에서 혜택과 비용을 동시에 경험하고 있었으며, 스마트워치의 주요 기능으로 제시되었던 신체활동 추적 어플리케이션으로 인해 신체상태 정보를 제공받거나 활동량을 증가하도록 동기를 부여받고 있었다. 반면 어플리케이션이 제대로 작동하지 않아 불편함을 경험하는 비용이 드러났으며 이러한 불편성과 편리성은 애플워치 사용경험으로 인한 혜택 및 비용의 내용을 구성하는 대표적인 메시지인 것으로 나타났다. 또한 기존연구에서는 제시되지 않았던 감정적 비용이 나타났으며, 스마트워치 수용 이전의 주요위험으로 간주되었던 프라이버시 및 개인정보 침해에 관련된 비용은 드러나지 않았다. 본 연구를 통해 스마트워치수용 이후 실제로 이를 사용하는 과정에서 경험하는 소비자의 혜택과 비용이 무엇인지 파악함으로써 어떠한 부분을 강화 및 보완해야 할지 실마리를 얻어 소비자의 일상과 가치에 부합하는 스마트워치를 개발하는데 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다. The purpose of this study is to examine smart watch consumers’ benefits and costs derived from the actual product experiences and how these benefits and costs are different from perceived benefits and costs before the product adoption. Objects of benefits and costs were classified into smart watch device and its application. The study suggests that the benefits include utilitarian and hedonic benefits, and the costs include cognitive and affective costs. In order to examine consumers’ opinion about smart watch experience, data written by Applewatch consumers were crawled from social media including Twitter, Facebook, and online community. Term frequency analysis, clustering analysis and semantic network analysis were conducted to understand contents and structure of the benefits and costs. The major findings are as follows. We found that objects of benefits and costs were divided into device, including ‘design and accessory’ and ‘component and after-sales service,’ and application, including ‘productivity and music application’ and ‘physical activity application.’The results of semantic network analysis showed that consumers gained both benefits and costs from wearability, battery durability and appearance. As suggested by extant literature, consumers were provided physical information and were motivated to exercise. On the other hand, they actually inconvenienced by systematic errors of various applications. In addition, the results found that affective costs which were overlooked in previous research. However, privacy risks which was proved as a major factor of decreasing intention to adopt smart watch was not revealed. The current study provides in-depth understanding of smart watch consumers’ benefits and costs from real-life product experience. It also suggests managerial implications to smart watch manufacturers regarding what they should strengthen and improve to enhance consumers’ satisfaction.