Utilization of plastic bottle waste of polyethylene terephthalate as a low-cost membrane and its modifications for gas separation

Badrut Tamam Ibnu Ali,Cininta Nareswari,Triyanda Gunawan,Nurul Widiastuti,Yuly Kusumawati,Juhana Jaafar,Hens Saputra,Dety Oktavia Sulistiono 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.127 No.-

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a widely used polymer in packaging products, leading to the daily disposalof millions of PET bottles as waste. 1.1 to 8.8 million tonnes of plastic waste enter the sea each year. The environmental challenge of non-biodegradable PET waste can be addressed by utilizing it as a thinlayermembrane for gas separation. This study modified the PET membrane by blending it with Pebaxpolymer and adding zeolite as a filler to enhance its performance. Characterization techniques, includingFTIR, SEM, TGA, tensile strength testing, and contact angle measurements, were performed on all modifiedmembranes. The membranes were prepared using phase inversion via immersion precipitation. Theresults showed that the PET waste membrane had a denser surface pore morphology and asymmetricalcross-sectional pores than other membranes. Adding Pebax and zeolite resulted in a more regularsponge-like pore structure. The PET, PET-Pebax, and PET-Zeolite NaY-Pebax membranes exhibited hydrophilicproperties, as indicated by contact angle values ranging from 48-78. Regarding CO2/CH4 separation,the 9% PET-Pebax membrane had the highest CO2 permeability, a 21% increase from the originalPET waste membrane. Adding zeolite to the 9% PET-Pebax membrane increased CO2 permeability to1044%.

페플라스틱 재자원화 활성화를 위한 제도 개선 방안에 관한 연구

정재춘(Jae-Chun Chung),박찬혁(Chan-Hyuk Park),이재웅(Jae-Woong Lee),김영준(Young-Jun Kim) 유기성자원학회 2003 유기물자원화 Vol.11 No.1

본 연구에서는 폐플라스틱의 재활용 현황을 조사한 후 재활용을 저해하는 요인들을 분석하였다. 폐플라스틱의 재활용율 을 저해하는 요인들은 토지와 인력확보의 어려움 플라스틱의 종류별 재질표시 미흡 경제적 유인책인 예치금과 부담금의 요율의 부적합 등으로 나타났다 LCA 방법을 통한 폐플라스틱의 재활용성을 분석하기 위하여 PET 재질의 물질 재활용 공 정에 대한 LCA를 수행하였다. PEr를 처녀원료로만 제조하는 것보다 재생 PET원료를 함께 사용했을 때의 환경영횡t은 오 존층 파괴를 제외한 나머지 영향범주에서 (-)값으로 나타나 보다 환경친화적임이 밝혀졌다. 특히 지구온난화 영향의 범주 에서 환경삭감 효과(avoided impact)가 크게 나타났다. 폐플라스틱의 재자원화를 활성화 하려면 먼저 재활용품에 대한 분 리수거 제도가 확립되어야 하고 재활용 가능표시가 명확해야 하며 소비자들이 이를 쉽게 이해할 수 있어야 한다. 또한 생 산자 예치금 및 소비자 예치금의 요율이 합리적이어야 하며 재활용에 대한 인프리구축, 정보체계 확립, 공공교육을 통한 시민들의 협조가 필요하다. 1n the study, current status of waste plastic recycling was investigated. Some factors to obstruct recycling of waste plastic was analyzed. These factors include the difficulry of obtairúng location anfd man power, unclear marking of recyclable plastic and ineffìcient rate in producer and consumer deposit system. Life cycle assessment(LCA ) study was performed to investigate the environmental impact of waste plastic(PET) recycling. When the recycled raw plastic material is used together with the virgin raw plastic material, all the environmental impact showed (-) value except ozone depletion impact category. The environmental avoided impact was the greatest in the global warming impact category. For active promotion of recycling activiry, source separation system of waste plastic should be established fìrst of all. Also, marking system of the recycling waste plastic should be made more clear so that consumers can understand it easily. Other strategies include the determination of decent rate for producer and consumer deposit system, establishment of infrastructure and information system for waste plastic recycling and citizen’s cooperation through intensive public education.

재생 폐 PET섬유보강 콘크리트의 부착 및 휨 특성

원종필(Won Jong-Pil),박찬기(Park Chan-Gi),최민정(Choi Min-Jung) 대한토목학회 2008 대한토목학회논문집 A Vol.28 No.3A

본 연구에서는 폐 PET병을 사용하여 구조적으로 효과가 있는 재생 PET섬유를 생산하였고 세 가지 형상의 재생 PET섬유와 시멘트 매트릭스와의 부착성능을 평가하였다. 또한 세 가지 형상의 재생 PET섬유로 보강된 콘크리트의 휨성능 시험을 실시하였다. 시험결과 재생 PEl섬유는 우수한 부착성능의 증가를 보여주었다. 휨시험 결과 재생 PET섬유는 콘크리트의 휨인성을 증가시킨다는 것을 증명하였다. 부착 및 휨시험 결과를 기본으로 요철형 재생 PET섬유의 부착 및 휨성능이 다른 형상의 섬유와 비교하여 가장 우수하였다. This study can be used to produce structurally efficient recycled PET fiber from used waste PET bottles and evaluated the bond performance of the three type of recycled PET fiber and cement matrix. Also, the flexural tests were performed on concrete reinforced using the three type of recycled PET fibers. The test results showed that the recycled PET fiber was significantly increased bond strength. The flexural test results are demonstrated that recycled PET fibers improved the flexural toughness of concrete. Based on the bond and flexural test results, the bond and flexural performance of embossed type recycled PET fibers were significantly better than those of the other shape fibers.

Enhanced energy recovery from polyethylene terephthalate via pyrolysis in CO₂ atmosphere while suppressing acidic chemical species

Lee, Jechan,Lee, Taewoo,Tsang, Yiu Fai,Oh, Jeong-Ik,Kwon, Eilhann E. Elsevier 2017 Energy conversion and management Vol.148 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Herein, CO<SUB>2</SUB> is employed as a pyrolysis medium for thermal treatment (i.e., pyrolysis) of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste in an environmentally benign way. The CO<SUB>2</SUB>-assited pyrolysis provides a novel way to not only enhance energy recovery from the PET waste but also reduce acidic byproducts such as benzoic acid. The generation of carbon monoxide (CO) for pyrolysis of the PET waste in CO<SUB>2</SUB> is ∼5 times more than that in N<SUB>2</SUB>. In addition to the enhancement of CO generation, the compositions of benzene derivatives, PAHs, and acidic compounds are lower in pyrolytic products in CO<SUB>2</SUB> than that in N<SUB>2</SUB>. This study suggests that the employment of CO<SUB>2</SUB> in pyrolysis of PET waste would be a more environmentally friendly waste treatment process with enhancing energy recovery.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> CO<SUB>2</SUB> is used as a pyrolysis medium for treating polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste. </LI> <LI> The generation of CO for pyrolysis of PET waste is enhanced in CO<SUB>2</SUB> condition. </LI> <LI> CO<SUB>2</SUB> reduces production of acidic byproducts like benzoic acid for pyrolysis of PET. </LI> </UL> </P>

Unconfined compressive strength of PET waste-mixed residual soils

Zhao, Jian-Jun,Lee, Min-Lee,Lim, Siong-Kang,Tanaka, Yasuo Techno-Press 2015 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.8 No.1

Plastic wastes, particularly polyethylene terephthalate (PET) generated from used bottled water constitute a worldwide environmental issue. Reusing the PET waste for geotechnical applications not only reduces environmental burdens of handling the waste, but also improves inherent engineering properties of soil. This paper investigated factors affecting shear strength improvement of PET-mixed residual soil. Four variables were considered: (i) plastic content; (ii) plastic slenderness ratio; (iii) plastic size; and (iv) soil particle size. A series of unconfined compression tests were performed to determine the optimum configurations for promoting the shear strength improvement. The results showed that the optimum slenderness ratio and PET content for shear strength improvement were 1:3 and 1.5%, respectively. Large PET pieces (i.e., $1.0cm^2$) were favorable for fine-grained residual soil, while small PET pieces (i.e., $0.5cm^2$) were favorable for coarse-grained residual soil. Higher shear strength improvement was obtained for PET-mixed coarse-grained residual soil (148%) than fine-grained residual soils (117%). The orientation of plastic pieces in soil and frictional resistance developed between soil particles and PET surface are two important factors affecting the shear strength performance of PET-mixed soil.

Micropore‑structured activated carbon prepared by waste PET/ petroleum‑based pitch

Sang Wan Seo,Yun Jeong Choi,Ji Hong Kim,Jong Hoon Cho,Young‑Seak Lee,Ji Sun Im 한국탄소학회 2019 Carbon Letters Vol.29 No.4

In this study, pitch crosslinked by oxygen function groups was made into activated carbon (AC) and pore structure was observed. The oxygen functional groups were introduced by the addition of waste PET for pitch synthesis. Activation agent ratios used to obtain the AC during the activation process were 1:1, 1:2 and 1:4 (pitch:KOH, w/w). The oxygen content in the prepared pitch was characterized by elemental analysis. Also, the molecular weight of pitch was investigated by MALDITOF. Specific surface area and micropore volume of the prepared AC were determined by the argon adsorption–desorption analysis and calculated using the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller and Horvath–Kawazoe equations, respectively. Micropore fraction of PET-free AC was smaller than that of PET-added AC. At high activation agent ratio, mesopores were created when the micropore structure collapsed. However, in the PET-added AC, due to the oxygen crosslinking effect, the micropore structure and micropore size were maintained even at a high activation agent ratio. Therefore, PET AC was found to have a higher micropore fraction than that of PET-free AC.

The use of construction wastes for the catalytic conversion of waste plastics to fuel oil

임세정,김영민 한국공업화학회 2020 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2020 No.-

Owing to the intensive use of plastics, the amount of waste plastics has dramatically increased during recent decades. Polyethylene terephthalate( PET) is the one of the plastics emitted as waste in large quantity and pyrolysis is being considered as a candidate method for the treatment of PET. However, the simple pyrolysis PET produces the large amount of acids which is not proper to be used as fuel. Although many researchers investigated the catalytic pyrolysis of PET, the high cost for catalyst is being regarded as a limitation on its actual commercialization. In this study, the use of waste concrete as the catalyst for the production of aromatic hydrocarbon during the pyrolysis of PET using a pyrolyzer-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.

IoT 기반의 캔/PET병 압착파쇄기 관리시스템 개발

류대현,강예성,최태완 한국전자통신학회 2023 한국전자통신학회 논문지 Vol.18 No.6

In this study, we developed an IoT-based management system to manage a can/PET crusher. Various sensors such as two load cells, DHT22 temperature and humidity sensor, and fine dust meter were interfaced with ESP32 to construct an IoT device, and a management server was built using Node-RED. The system monitors the weight of pressed cans and shredded PET bottles in real time and sends a text message to the manager when the weight exceeds the predetermined threshold for timely collection. The results of the operational test confirmed that the system provides accurate monitoring and efficient notification functions, and offers the possibility of solving environmental problems by improving the efficiency of waste management such as cans and PET bottles.

Micropore-structured activated carbon prepared by waste PET/petroleum-based pitch

서상완,최윤정,김지홍,조종훈,이영석,임지선 한국탄소학회 2019 Carbon Letters Vol.29 No.4

In this study, pitch crosslinked by oxygen function groups was made into activated carbon (AC) and pore structure was observed. The oxygen functional groups were introduced by the addition of waste PET for pitch synthesis. Activation agent ratios used to obtain the AC during the activation process were 1:1, 1:2 and 1:4 (pitch:KOH, w/w). The oxygen content in the prepared pitch was characterized by elemental analysis. Also, the molecular weight of pitch was investigated by MALDI-TOF. Specific surface area and micropore volume of the prepared AC were determined by the argon adsorption–desorption analysis and calculated using the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller and Horvath–Kawazoe equations, respectively. Micropore fraction of PET-free AC was smaller than that of PET-added AC. At high activation agent ratio, mesopores were created when the micropore structure collapsed. However, in the PET-added AC, due to the oxygen crosslinking effect, the micropore structure and micropore size were maintained even at a high activation agent ratio. Therefore, PET AC was found to have a higher micropore fraction than that of PET-free AC.

Physical and mechanical properties of cement mortar with LLDPE powder and PET fiber wastes

Benimam, Samir,Bentchikou, Mohamed,Debieb, Farid,Kenai, Said,Guendouz, Mohamed Techno-Press 2021 Advances in concrete construction Vol.12 No.6

Polyethylene-terephthalate (PET) from bottle waste and linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) from barrels and tanks waste are widely available and need to be recycled. Recycling them in concrete and mortar is an alternative solution for their disposal. In this study various quantities of sand (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) were substituted by powder from LLDPE waste. In addition, PET waste fibers (corrugated, straight) were added to the mortar with different percentages (0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2%) of cement mass. This paper evaluate the mechanical and physical properties of the composites in fresh (workability, air content and density) and hardened state (compressive and flexural strength, water absorption and total shrinkage). From the experimental results, it can be concluded that the strengthening in tensile of the mortar with plastic waste corrugated fibers is improved. Other important results are that the water absorption and the density rate are less than that of the ordinary mortar.