계간 태권도지(誌)의 변천과 역사적 의미: 제1∼99호를 중심으로

강유진 ( Kang Yu-jin ),나영일 ( Na Young-il ) 한국체육사학회 2021 체육사학회지 Vol.26 No.4

본 연구는 태권도誌가 계간으로 발행되었던 제1∼99호를 분석하여 계간지의 구성과 내용의 특성 및 변화를 살펴보았다. 계간 태권도誌는 ‘친교’, ‘정보 전달’, ‘설득’, ‘정서표현’의 내용을 담고 있다. 독자들에게 전달하고자 하는 협회 관계자들의 의사는 권두언, 축사, 개회사, 편집후기 등의 ‘친교’의 글에서, 국내·외 태권도 소식 및 협회 정보, 태권도와 관련된 각종자료를 통해 ‘정보 전달’을 제공한다. 태권도와 관련된 연구, 논단은 ‘설득’으로, 구독자들이 참여하는 투고는 ‘정서 표현’의 공간이었다. 시간의 흐름에 따라 네 가지 영역의 세부 내용들은 지속적으로 등장하거나 소멸 또는 새롭게 생성되며 계간 태권도誌의 특성과 역할을 보여주었다. 1970년대는 국내의 태권도 내실을 다지는 시기였고, 1980년대는 태권도 경기의 국제화와 세계화에 중점을 둔 시기였다. 1990년대부터는 대중화된 국내의 태권도 현장에 초점을 두며 구독자 또한 기존의 태권도 관계자들에서 어린이와 가족으로 확대되어 전문지의 성격이 변화하였다. 태권도誌의 구성과 내용의 변화를 통하여 올림픽태권도 이전의 역사를 잘 조망할 수 있었다. This study analyzed Quarterly Taekwondo Magazines(Vol.1∼99) and examined the characteristics and changes in composition and content. Quarterly Taekwondo Magazines are composed of friendship text, informative text, persuasive text, and emotional text. Over time, the details of the four texts continued to appear, disappear, or newly created, showing the characteristics and roles of Quarterly Taekwondo magazines. The 1970s was a period of strengthening the internal stability of Taekwondo in Korea, and the 1980s focused on the internationalization and globalization of Taekwondo games. Since the 1990s, the focus has been on the Taekwondo scene in Korea, and readers have also expanded from existing Taekwondo people to children and families. Through changse in the composition and content of Quarterly Taekwondo Magazines, it is possible to understand the modern and comtemporary history of Taekwondo. And It is necessary to reconsider the value of Taekwondo Magazines as a historical material.

미국 태권도장 환경변화에 따른 수련프로그램의 변화 양상

김두한(Kim, Doo-Han),김하영(Kim, Ha-Young) 한국체육과학회 2014 한국체육과학회지 Vol.23 No.6

Taekwondo, which was originated from Republic of Korea, has developed as martial arts sports practiced in 206 countries in the world according to World Taekwondo Federation (WTF, 2013). Taekwondo has been consistently recognized by Taekwondo trainees all over the world as competitive sports and also as life-time sports by forming psychological, physical, social, educational, and martial value mean while. Such an international spread and development of Taekwondo was due to the fact that there was vitalizations of international spread centrally in the North American region together with an innovation in the domestic technical system of Taekwondo. Considering the aspect that Taekwondo has been spread and developed, it seems like that there will be a continuous extension of practicing environment of Taekwondo in the North American region in the future. Therefore, this research aimed to have a detailed look at the management environment of Taekwondo gyms at the present, and at the same time, to study the changing aspects of the training programs of Taekwondo gym in the United States. Thus, the conclusion of this study is as follows. First, the Taekwondo gyms in the United states today are changing from the place for teaching martial arts to the platform for the educational service. Second, parent, in the United States are getting aware of that Taekwondo has an effect on the personality education of children and youth. Third, the Taekwondo gyms in the United States made a distinction between a training program for adult trainees and the other one for children and youth trainees, and operates vitalizations of both two sectors at the same time. Fourth, there is an increasing importance of programs for children and youth, and this phenomena copies or develops the form of educational service of Taekwondo gyms in Korea. When closely look at the result of this research, it is considered that there is a need to prepare the effective educational programs for Taekwondo masters, who are educated domestically, for them to go overseas.

스포츠산업,경영학 : 태권도장 경영 효율화를 위한 제도적 문제점과 해결방안

손성도(SeongDoSon) 한국체육학회 2005 한국체육학회지 Vol.44 No.2

The purpose of this study is to diagnose the reasons of management difficulty by examining/analyzing basic systems related to TaeKwonDo as a method to find a way out of TaeKwonDo centers in saturation, and to find a solution. The solution of this problem can cause the training quality of more essential problem to increase. The results of this study are: First, the value of training in TaeKwonDo centers must be recovered. The contents of center training must recover not only the satisfaction of customer and demands to epoch change, but also the martial artistic value of TaeKwonDo. Secondly, advancement of TaeKwonDo coaches to foreign countries must be promoted. Thirdly, developing program to secure adult population of TaeKwonDo training is urgent. Fourthly, offices fully in charge of TaeKwonDo center must be newly established among 3 important organizations. New establishment of offices fully in charge of TaeKwonDo centers is an important agenda concerning the fact that diverse solutions to efficient center management and population of trainees in TaeKwonDo centers can be supported. Fifthly, a realistic system supplement to extend the period of training is necessary. Therefore, identification in training suit reinforces visible motive, and can directly affect to extend period of training by giving satisfaction to the trainees. Sixthly, the spirit of the times must be secured through system support of TaeKwonDo world and absurdity must be gotten rid of from beginning. Seventhly, education for TaeKwonDo coaches needs to be substantial. The education to become TaeKwonDo coaches, which is only 4 hours of education in World TaeKwonDo Headquarters, exposes the limits to coach education. Eighthly, there is necessity so secure new layer of training due to change in judgmentregulations. The change in judgment regulations provides a final role in creating a new training culture. Making the inspection diverse with a program such as TaeKwon exercise can be a solution. Ninthly, TaeKwonDo centers must find solutions to lead a new level of training form and culture.

태권도 정신의 실증적 근거로서 우당 홍종수의 태권도 사상과 실천적 생애

김영선 국기원 2024 국기원태권도연구 Vol.15 No.1

태권도계 핵심인사였던 우당 홍종수의 태권도 사상과 실천적 생애를 고찰함으로써 태권도 정신의 실증적 근거를 확립하고 태권도의 정신적 가치를 높이는 것이다. 연구 방법은 다큐멘타리 연구와 문헌 고찰이 병행되었다. 최근 국기원이 수립한 태권도 정신과 5대 덕목의 관점에서 우당 홍종수가 작성한 일기, 기고문, 인터뷰 기사 등 자료에 근거하여 관련 주제를 고찰하였다. 첫째, 우당은 ‘무경일체’ 이념을 개진했다. 즉 태권도가 경기 스포츠를 지향함에 따라 무예적 특성과 정신적 가치 증진에도 역점을 두자는 취지였다. 둘째, 우당은 홍익인간을 태권도의 정신적 바탕으로 삼고 그 실천 덕목인 사회 봉사를 몸소 실행했다. 셋째, 우당의 도덕적 품성과 자기계발적 노력은 태권도의 정신 요인인 도덕성과 극기, 용기, 인내의 의지력과 밀접히 연관되었다. 아울러 예의와 정의(正義) 덕목도 우당의 태권도 인생에서 올바른 행위의 준거(準據)로 중요시되었다. 이 같은 우당의 사상과 행적은 ‘바람직한 태권도인 상(像)’의 모범 사례로 꼽힐 수 있다. 우당의 사상과 실천적 생애는 태권도 정신 이론의 실증적 근거로 규정할 수 있다. 아울러 그것은 태권도의 인성교육에도 활용될 수 있는 원천적 지식이나 실천 사례로서도 큰 의미를 지닌다. This thesis examines the Taekwondo thought and practical life pursued by Woodang Chong-Soo Hong who pioneered Taekwondo and made a big breakthrough in its development. Through this, the purpose of the study is to establish an empirical basis for the theory of Taekwondo spirit and to increase the mental value of Taekwondo. As for the research method, documentary research and literature review were conducted in parallel. Related topics were reviewed based on data such as his diaries, articles written by Chong-Soo Hong and interview articles from the perspective of the spirit and five virtues of Taekwondo recently established by Kukkiwon. First, Woodang promoted the ideology of the Moogyeong-Ilche. In other words, it was intended to focus on improving the characteristics of martial arts and mental values as Taekwondo aims for competitive sports. Second, Woodang practiced social service using Hongik-Ingan as the spiritual basis of Taekwondo. Third, Woodang's moral character and self-developmental efforts were closely related to morality and the willpower such as courage and endurance, which are the mental factors of Taekwondo. In addition, the virtues of courtesy and justice were regarded as important as the basis for desirable behavior in Woodang's Taekwondo life. Woodang's thoughts and deeds can be regarded as an exemplary example of a 'desirable Taekwondoist image'. Woodang's thoughts and practical life can be defined as an empirical basis for Taekwondo's spiritual theory. In addition, it is of great significance as a fundamental knowledge and practice case that can be used in Taekwondo's character education.

태권도 경기화의 역사적 배경과 언론사적 의미: 전라북도 지역을 중심으로

최광근 ( Kwang-keun Chio ),장권 ( Kwon Jang ) 한국체육사학회 2015 체육사학회지 Vol.20 No.4

이 연구는 초창기 태권도 경기화에 적극적이었던 전라북도 지역을 중심으로 언론의 시각을 통하여 우리나라 태권도의 경기화에 대한 역사적 배경을 알아보고자 하였다. 이 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 초창기 태권도 경기의 시작과 발전배경에 대한 국내 주요 일간지와 전라북도의 신문기사를 중심으로 분석하였으며, 경기화와 관련된 주요인사와의 면담, 관련문헌자료의 검토를 통해 자료를 보완하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 태권도 경기의 중심 속에는 전라북도가 있었다. 1962년 제43회 전국체전에서 태권도 경기가 시범종목으로 채택되었고, 당시 시범경기는 전라북도의 주도로 진행이 되었으며, 태권도 경기의 보호 장비인 호구 제작과 사용에 중추적인 역할을 하는 등 전라북도는 태권도 경기화 출발점에 지대한 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 전라북도 지역 출신의 경기인들은 1960년대 처음으로 국제친선경기대회를 시점으로, 제1회 세계태권도선수권대회를 비롯하여 각종 국내외 경기대회에서 두각을 나타냈으며, 이들은 지도자로 성장하여 국내외에서 활동하며 결과적으로 태권도경기의 국제화에 큰 역할을 하였다. 셋째, 전라북도는 태권도 경기의 발전뿐만 아니라 태권도 문화 창달에도 앞장서고 있다. 현재 전라북도 무주에 위치한 태권도원은 세계 태권도인들이 함께하는 교육, 수련, 연구의 중심이자 태권도의 정신과 문화를 함께 공유할 수 있는 교류의 장이 되고 있다. 즉 전라북도는 태권도 경기화의 시작과 함께 오늘날까지 세계화의 중심 속에서 우뚝 서있는 태권도 ``종주도``의 역할을 지속하고 있는 것이다. This study examined the past and the present by closely examining a historical fact on the developmental process of Taekwondo competition focusing on Jeollabuk-do area. As a result, the following conclusions were elicited. First, there was Jeollabuk-do in the center of Taekwondo match. The biggest change in the development of Taekwondo can be said to be a change into Taekwondo game from martial-art Taekwondo. Taekwondo competition was adopted as the demonstration sport by the 43rd National Sports Festival in 1962. In the demonstration sport at that time, both Jeollabuk-do region and Gyeongsangbuk-do region participated for the first time. The players from Jeollabuk-do area made a good showing and had great influence with offering the starting point to the development in a Taekwondo competition field while playing a pivotal role in using a protector, which is the protective equipment in Taekwondo match. Second, as for what Taekwondo was adopted as an official Olympic event, the players from Jeollabuk-do were selected as a member of national team, participated in many friendly games in foreign countries such as Japan and Germany, and had a great influence in the process that Taekwondo soars to the world. The activation in Taekwondo competition contributed to the big development of coming up to Taekwondo game of the present along with many changes in a game rule of Taekwondo. Finally, Jeollabuk-do, which began the international friendly game for the first time from the 1960s, was in the middle of international Taekwondo competition. The results became the foundation that Taekwondo competition is adopted as an official event at the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games. Jeollabuk-do was playing an influential role amidst what Taekwondo grows to the world internally and externally in the middle of Taekwondo game.

A Study on the Cultural Interpretation of Taekwondo Origin and Okinawa Origin

Wonhee Lee(Wonhee Lee),Ilhoon Song(Ilhoon Song) J-INSTITUTE 2022 International Journal of Martial Arts Vol.7 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze the cultural base of the Three Taegeuk in depth in Subak, karate(dangsu), Goryeo, Joseon, and Ryukyuguk, and to present the identity of the historical and cul-tural aspects of Taekwondo. Method: The method of this study was to examine and analyze the cultural base of Taekwondo of Subak and karate in depth, to present the identity of Taekwondo in the historical and cultural aspects, and to present the traditionality and legitimacy of Taekwondo in the national flag. Results: The re-establishment of Taekwondo is essential due to the theory of origin of Okinawa, but most Taekwondo people lack the recognition of historicality. Okinawa had close interaction with us in the Joseon Dyn-asty. This means that there are some reliably authentic documents and relics that are related to Subaks and party Subaks, that is, there should be an in-depth analysis on the historical recognition of the origin theory of Taekwondo in Okinawa. This can be a medium to open historical horizons to Taekwondo people. Conclusion: The re-establishment of Taekwondo is essential due to the origin of Taekwondo in Okinawa, but most Taekwondo people are very lacking in historical awareness. Okinawa had close exchanges with us during the Joseon Dynasty, and when we saw it, there were credible ancient documents and artifacts that were related to Subaks and party trees. If Taekwondo academics do not present this, and go to this state, it may bring about a crisis of identity for the national Taekwondo physical education culture. Therefore, there should be a clear argument and a clear argument about Taekwondo history of Taekwondo history. Furthermore, we can present the right historical values and instill the right Taekwondo history education to our descendants.

태권도 수련의 근대성과 신자유주의의 의의와 한계

박세근,김동규 한국체육철학회 2009 움직임의철학 : 한국체육철학회지 Vol.17 No.4

It is considered that there has been recently reached the serious condition of modified practices of Taekwondo and loss of martial arts, so this study has significant meanings to find out the causes and problems to be solved. The discussion is progressed, considering the development process of the modern Taekwondo and diagnosing issues detected in the process in the public good and profitability points of view. The findings from the analysis are as follows: the Taekwondo practice has a structure only leading to the stereotyped Taekwondo through superior authorities like its associations or Kukkiwon (the headquarters of Taekwondo) and there is a power structure of hegemony and dominant ideology owing to the authority-oriented agreement by field directors and the lack of criticism; such a power structure asks indiscriminate introduction of profitable programs in practices of Taekwondo with the economic principles of Neoliberalism, consequently resulting in the loss of martial philosophy, which is also spotted as the fundamental cause for revealing limitations between Taekwondo people; these situations are thought to be caused by the modernity in the Taekwondo society, so this study criticizes them for the development of Taekwondo. Based on the critical mind presented in the discussion above, the future tasks Taekwondo has to aim at are first that the practice of Taekwondo grounded on its traditional adherence and identification shall be ahead of the practice. Next, there shall be a discriminative treatment in the practice of Taekwondo from general sports. Finally the study presents that the value of ranking and promotion to higher grade shall be enhanced and qualification tests for directors shall be also strengthened. 이 연구는 최근 태권도 수련방법의 레크리에이션적 변용으로 인한 무도성 상실 문제가 심각한 수준에 이르렀다고 판단하여 그 원인과 해결과제를 밝히고자 하는데 의의가 있다. 논의의 전개는 근대 태권도의 발전과정을 고찰하고, 그 과정에서 제기되는 문제들을 공익적 차원과 수익적 차원에서 진단하였다. 그 결과 현대 태권도 수련은 대한태권도협회나 국기원과 같은 상부 단체들에 의해 획일화된 태권도를 지향할 수밖에 없는 구조를 가졌다는 사실과 일선 지도자들의 권력 지향적 합의들, 그리고 비판의식의 부재로 인해 헤게모니와 지배이데올로기라는 권력구조를 형성하고 있음을 밝혔으며, 이는 태권도계에 팽배한 보수적 성향, 즉 근대성의 특징으로 규정하였다. 또한 이러한 권력구조는 신자유주의 경제논리와 함께 태권도 수련에 있어 수익 지향적 프로그램들의 무차별적 도입을 종용하여 무도성을 상실케 하고, 이는 태권도인들 간의 관계에도 한계를 드러내게 하는 주요 원인으로 지목되었다. 이상의 논의에서 제기된 문제의식을 바탕으로 향후 태권도 수련이 지향해야 할 과제로 첫째, 전통의 고수와 정체성에 입각한 수련, 둘째, 일반 스포츠와 차별화된 수련, 셋째, 승급이나 승단의 가치상승과 지도자 자격심사의 강화 등을 제시하였다.

태권도를 주제로 한 한국영화들의 흥행실패에 관한 논의

이준호,윤상진,장승현 한국스포츠학회 2017 한국스포츠학회지 Vol.15 No.4

The purpose of this study is to analyze and propose the failures of Taekwondo movies. In order to achieve the purpose, various previous research data were collected and analyzed. In order to grasp opinion of the audience who watched the movie, Naver’s Taekwondo movie comment, blog, and movie review were collected and analyzed. Based on the analyzed data, Taekwondo film made a suggestion to improve through critical discussion. The results are as follows. First, the failure factor of Taekwondo movies had problems in choosing actors. It seems to be necessary to nurture professional martial arts actors who are able to demonstrate Taekwondo movements proficiently, rather than merely casting famous actors. Second, the failure factors of Taekwondo films were in insufficient contents and childish scenarios. As the scenario has a big influence on the success of the film, it is necessary to construct a well-structured scenario and it is also necessary to foster a director who can write a solid scenario about Taekwondo and martial arts. Third, there was a reason for lack of publicity in Taekwondo movies. Taekwondo movies lacked investment and advance publicity, and it seemed to have led directly or indirectly to the failure of the box office. In addition, Taekwondo organizations should realize that the development of Taekwondo movies can be the greatest tool of promoting Taekwondo, and they should provide generous support for promoting Taekwondo. 본 연구는 태권도를 주제로 한 영화들의 흥행실패를 분석하고 제언하기 위함에 그 목적이 있다. 목적을 달성하기 위해, 각종 선행 연구 자료들을 수집하여 문헌 분석을 실시하였으며, 영화를 본 관객들의 의견을 파악하기 위해 네이버의 댓글, 블로그, 영화평 등을 수집하여 분석하였다. 분석된 자료들을 바탕으로 비판적 논의를 통해 태권도 영화가 나아가야할 제언을 실시하였다. 도출된 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 태권도영화들의 실패요인에는 배우선정에 문제가 있었다. 단순히 유명한 배우들을 섭외하기보다는 태권도 동작을 능숙하게 시연할 줄 아는 전문 무술배우의 양성이 필요해 보인다. 둘째, 태권도영화들의 실패요인에는 내용부족과 유치한 시나리오에 문제가 있었다. 영화의 성공에 시나리오가 큰 영향을 끼치는 만큼, 짜임새 있고 탄탄한 시나리오의 구성이 필요하며, 태권도와 무술에 대해 탄탄한 시나리오를 작성할 수 있는 연출진의 육성도 필요해 보인다. 셋째, 태권도영화들의 실패요인에는 사전홍보가 부족하다는 것에도 그 이유가 있었다. 태권도 영화는 타 영화들보다 투자와 홍보가 부족하였으며, 그것이 흥행실패의 직・간접적인 요인들로 이어졌으리라 생각된다. 또한 태권도 단체들은 태권도 영화의 발전이 태권도 홍보의 가장 큰 도구가 될 수 있다는 것을 깨닫고 태권도 홍보를 위해 아낌없는 지원을 해야 할 것이다.

국기원의 전략경영이 태권도 세계화와 국가브랜드 향상에 미친 영향에 대한 역사적 고찰

이재환,정재환,윤오남 한국스포츠학회 2014 한국스포츠학회지 Vol.12 No.4

From the establishment of the Kukkiwon, Taekwondo began in earnest the process of globalization will not be an exaggeration even. The profession of Taekwondo introduced into the sports system can get to expand base of Taekwondo, seized the initiative in the world in terms of organizational, laid the foundation of Taekwondo globalization, and equip the face of the suzerain with the Kukkiwon and the World Taekwondo Federation was founded instrument. Taekwondo was joined the General Assembly of International Sports Federation(GAISF) on the first oriental martial arts in October 1975. In the process, Kukkiwon Taekwondo Demonstration Team play an important role to confirm the quality of Taekwondo and the differentiation between Taekwondo and many othes of oriental martial arts. This was an opportunity to gain international competitive advantage to be the Olympics Taekwondo in the long-term. The Kukkiwon achieved fame as a headquarters of Taekwondo and play a pivotal role in the globalization through the founding of the Kukkiwon demonstration team, the establishment of the promotion test system, and the establishment of the world Taekwondo academy. Through a series of these efforts, Taekwondo broadened the base in the world achieved the 1986 Seoul Asian Games adopt an official sport, adopted the 1988 Seoul Olympic demonstration sport, Brazilian Rio 2016 Olympic selection key events. In addition, the Kukkiwon not only set limits the globalization to the game, but also extend to traditional martial arts and cultural contents that increase the korea brand and Taekwondo value through the World Poomsae Championships and the World Taekwondo Hanmadang. In the global environment, Kukkiwon confirmed the need for practices that embody an integrated strategic vision system to continues the status and authority of a headquarters of Taekwondo, and need for expanding role which we have neglected as a traditional martial arts and a cultural contents to the globalization of Taekwondo.

Current Status and Prospects of TAEKWONDO’s Globalization

Oh Hyoung keun,Choi Seong kon J-INSTITUTE 2018 International Journal of Martial Arts Vol.3 No.2

As of 2018, as evidenced by 209 member states of the World Taekwondo Federation and 10,023,090 black belt holders, Taekwondo today is loved as a sport of the world beyond being Korea’s traditional martial art. Together with the economic development, Korea has been able to utilize its position and honor as the originator country of Taekwondo for the last half century, and has continued to grow while strengthening its values and functions as an Olympic sport. However, the rapid growth of Taekwondo through sport has caused issues such as under-mining the value of traditional martial art, and the need for qualitative growth such as the development of in depth related contents has emerged. This study examined the globalization process and the current status of Taekwondo, analyzed the current status of the Taekwondo’s globalization project and Taekwondo’s dissemina-tion, and contemplated on the globalization and sustainable development of Taekwondo through it. As alterna-tives for the continued development and globalization of Taekwondo are, first, to maintain Taekwondo as an official Olympic game, second, to seek plans for long term trainers of Taekwondo, and third, systemic improve-ments for the globalization project of Taekwondo and other related policy.