An Investigation of the Impacts of Market Demand, Forecast Error, and Profit Margin on VMI’s Benefit

유정석 한국기업경영학회 2013 기업경영연구 Vol.20 No.3

Supply chain collaboration has received heavy attention from both practitioners and academic researchers because of its focus on the entire supply chain’s interest and its potential to improve operational efficiency of supply chain management. The close collaboration among the supply chain members is expected to lead to the successful outcome that is not possibly made by the uncollaborative supply chain system. Vendor-Managed Inventory (VMI) became well known to be the supply chain collaboration program that has been already applied to various industries and enables the companies to lower inventories and increase customer service levels. While the majority of past studies support the superiority of the supply chain system with VMI over the traditional system without VMI, the exact conditions and requirements to fully exploit the strength of VMI are still under the investigation. This study investigates the impact of VMI on the supply chain performance. The proposed economic model represents a two stage supply chain system with a single buyer and a supplier. The performance evaluation is conducted in two ways-through model analysis and numerical examples. First, the simple inventory management models that represent two distinct supply chain systems are analyzed under the optimal conditions. Second, the profit-based models are developed to include the revenue and detailed cost items including production, inventory holding, setup, ordering, and transportation costs, and numerical examples are used to compare the profits of two different supply chain systems under different conditions. Based on the sequential process of decision-making and information sharing activities made by the buyer and supplier, the proposed model incorporates multiple steps of the operations including purchasing, replenishment, inventory control, production, and transportation. In the numerical examples, this study examines the impacts of tree environmental and operational conditions-market demand, forecast error, and profit margin-on the VMI’s performances. Based on the results of the model analysis and numerical examples, this study examines whether the VMI system is superior to the traditional system and identifies the pattern of VMI’s performance under different operational contexts. The analytical model including only ordering and inventory holding costs confirms that VMI results in less supply chain costs than the traditional system. The numerical examples of the profit-based model, however, show that VMI does not always outperform the traditional supply chain system. The cost saving due to VMI is caused by dramatic reduction of buyer’s costs, but, in most cases, the supplier appears to incur higher expenses. This study identifies the conditions that remedy supplier’s loss due to VMI. The increased market demand causes serious damage to supplier’s profit, and consequently decreases the economic benefit of VMI for the entire supply chain system. For the supplier, the economic advantage of the VMI system is high when the supplier makes a large error in forecasting market demands in the traditional supply chain system. The numerical examples also indicate that higher profit margin of the buyer reduces the economic advantage of the VMI system for the supplier as well as for the buyer. These results imply that retaining a sufficient amount of demands and corresponding order quantity by properly controlling the sales price is critical to obtain full economic benefits from the VMI program. This study makes the contributions to business practices by providing the following valuable managerial implications about VMI application. First, this study discovers the potential that VMI can be beneficial to every participant of this program. The numerical examples of the proposed model show that, by acquiring sufficient demands and order quantity, even the supplier can be financially benefited by participating in the VMI program. Second, this study rev...

공급자의 기회주의와 자산특유성이 신제품 개발 성과에 미치는 영향: 공급사슬통합의 매개효과

김현정 공주대학교 KNU 기업경영연구소 2022 기업경영리뷰 Vol.13 No.4

Supply chain management is drawing attention as an important issue in academia and industry as supply of raw materials and parts is disrupted recently. Various previous studies have sought ways to maximize supply chain performance through supply chain integration between buyers and suppliers. However, existing studies focused on the relationship between supply chain integration and firm performance, and few studies looked at both opportunism and asset specificity of suppliers. Therefore, this study empirically analyzed the effects of sup- plier opportunism and asset specificity on new product development performance through supply chain integra- tion. The analysis results are as follows. Looking at the direct effects of supplier opportunism and asset specificity on supply chain integration and new product development performance, opportunism significantly reduced sup- ply chain integration but had no significant effect on new product development performance. Asset specificity significantly increased both supply chain integration and new product development performance. Supply chain integration was found to significantly improve new product development performance. In addition, the indirect effects of supplier opportunism and asset specificity on new product development performance through supply chain integration were analyzed. As a result, supply chain integration did not mediate the relationship between opportunism and new product development performance, but partially mediated the relationship between asset specificity and new product development performance. This study is differentiated from previous studies that focused on the buyer, a company leading the supply chain management, despite the importance of the role of the supplier in improving the performance of the sup- ply chain. In addition, it has theoretical implications of paying attention to the irrationality of suppliers and sup- porting the relational exchange theory. Lastly, this study has practical implications, suggesting that buyers should be encouraged to reduce the opportunism of suppliers and secure relationship-specific assets necessary for transactions with the company in order to improve the new product development performance. 최근 원재료 및 부품의 공급에 차질이 생기면서 공급사슬관리가 학계와 산업계에서 중요한 이슈로 주목받고 있다. 다양한 선행연구들은 구매자와 공급자 간의 공급사슬통합을 통해 공급사슬의 성과를 극대화할 수 있는 방안을 모색해왔다. 그러나 기존 연구들은 공급사슬통합과 기업 성과 간의 관계에 초점을 맞춰서 분석하였고, 공급자의 기회주의와 자산특유성을 함께 살펴본 연구는 거의 없다. 따라서 이 연구는 공급자의 기회주의와 자산특유성이 공급사슬통합을 매개로 하여 신제품 개발 성과에 미치는 영향을 실증적으로 분석하였다. 분석 결과를 살펴보면 다음과 같다. 공급자의 기회주의와 자산특유성이 공급사슬통합과 신제품 개발 성과에 미치는 직접적인 효과를 살펴보면, 기회주의는 공급사슬통합을 유의하게 감소시키지만 신제품 개발 성과에는 유의한 영향을 미치지 않았다. 자산특유성은 공급사슬통합과 신제품 개발 성과 모두를 유의하게 증가시켰다. 공급사슬통합은 신제품 개발 성과를 유의하게 향상시키는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 공급자의 기회주의와 자산특유성이 공급사슬통합을 통해 신제품 개발 성과에 미치는 간접적인 효과를 분석하였다. 그 결과, 공급사슬통합은 기회주의와 신제품 개발 성과 간의 관계를 매개하지 않았지만, 자산특유성과 신제품 개발 성과 간의 관계를 부분적으로 매개하였다. 이 연구는 공급사슬의 성과를 향상시키기 위해서는 공급자의 역할이 중요한데도 불구하고 공급사슬관리를 주도하는 기업인 구매자에게 초점을 맞췄던 선행연구들과 차별화된다. 또한 공급자의 비합리성에 주목하고 관계적교환 이론을 지지한다는 학술적인 시사점을 지닌다. 마지막으로 본 연구는 구매자에게 신제품 개발 성과를 향상시키기 위해서는 공급자의 기회주의를 줄이고 자사와의 거래에 필요한 관계특유자산을 확보하도록 유도해야 함을 제안했다는 실무적인 시사점을 지닌다.

COMPETITIVE SUPPLY CHAINS: AN INSIGHT INTO THE LUXURY INDUSTRY

Simone Guercini,Annalisa Tunisini 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2015 Global Fashion Management Conference Vol.2015 No.06

The paper supports the idea that competition is nowadays played among supply chains rather than among companies. The competitive action has been mainly analyzed as a single actor' strategy, looking for gaining a competitive advantage over competitors (Porter, 2008). The competitive advantage is connected to distinctive resources and capabilities owned and/or controlled by the single actor and, especially, to how a company is capable to combine and connect such resources and capabilities reaching a distinctive positioning (Grant, 1991). By re-defining the most traditional view, Porter underlines how strategy has to look for uniqueness rather than to the search for being better than others in the market (Porter, 1996). Following such a view, scholars have addressed their attention to identify new sources of differential advantage, based on a at least temporary uniqueness. Such new sources mostly rely on intangible issues and on the capability to perform more efficiently and effectively market-driven processes (Day, 1994). By shifting his view from tangible to intangible issues, from products to processes, literature has focalized on the company's network relationships as fundamental sources of differential advantage (Hakansson, Snehota, 1989; Dyer, Singh, 1998). The structure and dynamics of a company's business relationships, as well as the company's relational capabilities can sensibly make the difference between one company's performance and another's in the eye of the customer. Processes of value creation and delivery capable to meet customer expectations are only in part referred to activities performed by a single supplier company. Rather, they are connected to a number of companies that interact and connect their resources and capabilities in supply chains' contexts (Christopher, 2012; Cox, Lamming 1995). The customer satisfaction (or dissatisfaction) can be addressed to a single supplier, notably the branded company that directly interfaces with the customer but it is strongly connected to how the branded company's supply chain has been able to mobilize resources, connect activities and exchange information. (Dyer, 1996; Gadde et al., 2010). In confronting and evaluating its perceptions in respect to two different brands a customer expresses his satisfaction (or not) towards the performance of two different supply chains (Hines, 2004). Taking a branded company, driving a supply chain (it is also known as strategic center or leader company), structuring, mobilizing and enabling effective and efficient business relationships with effective and efficient suppliers becomes the most important tool to gain market shares and keep customers satisfied. As network literature well explains, even if a company is a leader in a supply chain, business relationships with supplier companies can only be partially addressed and oriented, mobilized. (Ford, Hakansson, 2002). The general aim of this paper is to discuss the impact of the processes of contractual formalization in business networks on the competitiveness of the supply chains. More precisely, the paper focalizes on a new tool introduced by Italian government, named "Contratto di Rete" (Network Contract - NC)1, that can be also useful to reinforce, orient and develop efficient and effective supply chains. The NC is not simply a type of strategic business alliance as a joint venture or a consortium can be (Guercini and Woodside 2012). It is a flexible tool that companies may use and it is a legal framework within which a network of companies can experiment various opportunities to innovate and to be more competitive. The NC sustains SMEs' development and competitiveness, especially in an international context. The NC also represents a new way of response for Italian SMEs to the current economic crisis, and to the challenges posed by an increasingly globalized and competitive market. Small and medium enterprises represent a significant portion of the industry in most countries. This share is particularly relevant in the Italian reality. In Italy the weight very strong of the small business and the relative weakness of big business has recently been the focus of debate on the loss of competitiveness of the country's industrial system (Coltorti et al., 2013). Empirically, the paper studies the case of Gucci and its supply chains that have used the NC to reinforce and promote their positioning and their performance. In particular, sponsored by the Florentine brand of luxury and with the support of Confindustria Florence, three NC have been developed - P.re.Gi. , Almax and Fair – among the companies of three supply chains of small leather goods , bags and luggage . Each of the three networks includes companies that provide the complete production cycle, from cutting the skin and in one case even tanning to the final packaging of the object . The idea behind the signing of the “Contratto di rete” is come together to promote the transfer of innovation, knowledge transfer, know -how and training, but also to make economies of scale, improve access to credit, streamline costs and streamlining the supply chain, to ensure improved transparency in the flow of marginalization by the leader until the last sub-contractor. In each of the three networks, the parent company is different from Gucci that is left out of the contract. But, most interesting, Gucci will play the role of facilitator, subject to address and exchange of best practices, support and advice in the organizational, technological, financial and training issues. By studying the three NC, the paper wants to emphasize the most important issues both supporting and limiting the action of supply chains as competitive sets. Based on our preliminary study of these Network Contracts, made possible by the availability of a large secondary material and by the research conducted by the authors both on the new legislative tool leading to formalized networks and on the business networks spread since long-term in the leather industry, we formulate some propositions which can be tested as hypothesis or considered as alternatives explanations of the possible role played by the NC to support the competitiveness of companies and supply chains. The study of the Network Contract must take into account with attention to different layers it may impact and influence the competitiveness of the supply chains. At a first layer, it can be a tool of survival of present existing competitive ability and/or supporting the development of new capabilities. One aspect not mutually exclusive but complement the other. It can, however, be interesting to see logic sub-standing the formalization of existing networks and which are the objectives present in the declared intentions as well as those emerging from the observation of the behavior of the actors involved. You may recognize different levels of goal through the process of formalization. A first objective is linked to the fact that the importance of business networks makes them subject to specific policy of public policy makers. This makes the process of formalization important and useful for access policies to support networks. In this sense, a first proposition can be the following: P1. The network contract represents a tool of formalization of existing business networks that allows first to make visible, perceptible such structures and enabling policy makers to support them through appropriate policies to support their growth or survival. At a second layer, the formalization of existing networks can have organizational impacts. The recognition of a strategic center within the network, the formal creation of central coordination unit, or at least the existence of roles and shared resources can also substantially initiating organizational changes that make the network an entity able to access to larger economies and critical mass in respect to individual companies. The contractual formalization can produce effects on the roles of the individual actors involved and determine a different conduct of trials. This can allow the achievement of economies, the achievement of critical mass to trigger new initiatives, to realize innovations. Where networks emerge from declining districts the depletion of external economies can be a way to internalizing in formalized networks a part of the resources as an answer to the crisis of the external district. NC can thus support companies to benefit from the shift from external economies to internal “networks” economies In this sense, a second proposition can be the following: P2. The formalization through contracts in business networks has organizational effects that result in new processes and methods of use of the resources that can affect the operation of the business network and generate economies. At a third layer, in addition to affecting the relationship between the companies and the policy makers as well as the organizational processes in the business network, the formalization by NC can have effects on the contents of the strategy implemented by the firms involved and implemented by the whole chain. Particularly in the luxury sector competition among supply chains assumes importance in terms of exclusivity and the level of quality of the offered products. The contents of the strategy have systematically need to take account of the supply chains. This pushes systematically luxury brands (defined as actors) to search for forms of vertical control through ownership (acquisition of suppliers) and through contracts (contracts for exclusive supply). Consider the role of supply chain strategies related to issues such as: (1) ecological sustainability and social sustainability of productions from luxury brands; (2) country of origin and country of product design on which is affixed the company logo; (3) traceability and guarantees associated with the use of branded products etc. In this sense, a third proposition can be the following: P3. The formalization of contracts in business networks has effect on the strategies declared and / or emerging from the behavior of the actors, both in terms of content and dynamics in the implementation. The paper, through an in-depth analysis of the three networks connected to the Gucci’s supply chain, wants to test the hypotheses corresponding to the three propositions formulated above making a comparison between the supply networks before and after the formalization of the business relationships by the Network Contract. The paper is structured as follows: in the first section the paper emphasizes the shift from a view of competition among companies to competition among supply chains and stresses major problems emerging in supply network dynamics. It then focalizes on the NC tool and its characteristics that can support supply network dynamics. The paper thus focuses on the three networks connected to the brand Gucci. In the final section, the paper summarizes the three mail levels of impact that the NC may have on the supply chains’ competitiveness: the supportive level, the organizational level and the strategic level. A comparison between the main issues affecting supply chains competitiveness in case of their formalized or not-formalized networks structure let draw final conclusions are on the role of Network contracts as positive and negative promoter on supply chains competitiveness.

Influence of Information Exchange and Supply Chain Integration on Supply Chain Performance

Sungbae Kang(강성배),Jaejung Kang(강재정),Taesoo Moon(문태수) 한국경영학회 2015 한국경영학회 통합학술발표논문집 Vol.2015 No.08

Supply chain integration is widely used by both practitioners and researchers, because of an essential role to enhance competitive advantage in supply chain. Organizational competences, such as relational competence(RC) and information technology (IT) competence, have been recognized as influencing factors to promote supply chain integration (SCI) for obtaining supply chain performance. In this paper, we intend to extend the stream of research in supply chain management (SCM) by systematically identifying the antecedents and consequences of supply chain integration between supply chain partners. We empirically tested the research model using data collected from senior managers of 122 manufacturing firms in South Korea. The results indicate that relational competence and IT competence in supply chain are positively related to supply chain integration. Information exchange is directly related to supply chain performance, Also, it has the positive impact between organizational competences and supply chain performance through its positive effect on supply chain integration. Our results provide strong support for the notion of information exchange and supply chain integration to enhance supply chain performance. Implications for future research and practice are offered.

공급사슬 통합이 실시간 기업(RTE) 역량과 공급사슬 성과에 미치는 영향

서영복,박찬권 한국중소기업학회 2017 中小企業硏究 Vol.39 No.4

Most of the previous researches on supply chain integration have been based on the assumption that supply chain integration affects supply chain performance. Therefore, it is limited to study whether supply chain integration enhances the capabilities of the supply chain and can improve the supply chain performance through the enhancement of such capabilities. Therefore, this study is to investigate the relationship between supply chain integration and supply chain performance in terms of RTE capability and supply chain performance. The hypotheses between these items were established and the results were as follows. First, supply chain integration shows a positive (+) significant effect on RTE capacity, and RTE competency has a positive (+) significant effect on supply chain performance. Therefore, it has been confirmed that raising the level of supply chain integration can raise the level of RTE capability and further improve the supply chain performance. Therefore, it is important to show the importance of supply chain integration to the individual companies constituting the supply chain. In order to enhance the RTE capacity, it is important to integrate the supply chain, and to clarify what capacity of the supply chain should be improved for companies. 이제까지 공급사슬 통합에 대한 선행연구들의 대부분은 공급사슬 통합이 공급사슬 성과에 영향을 미친다는 규범적인 연구들이 대부분이다. 따라서 공급사슬 통합이 어떠한 공급사슬의 역량을 제고시키며, 이러한 공급사슬 역량의 제고를 통하여 공급사슬 성과까지 제고시킬 수 있다는 연구는 제한적이다. 그러므로 본 연구는 공급사슬 통합과 공급사슬의 동적 역량 관점에서의 RTE 역량, 공급사슬 성과 간의 관계를 규명하는 것이다. 이들 연구항목 간의 연구가설을 수립하고 검정을 시행한 결과는 다음과 같다. 먼저 공급사슬 통합은 RTE 역량에 대부분 정(+)의 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나며, RTE 역량은 공급사슬 성과에 대부분 정(+)의 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 검증되었다. 따라서 공급사슬 통합 수준의 제고는 RTE 역량의 수준을 제고시킬 수 있으며, 나아가 공급사슬 성과도 제고시킬 수 있다는 것을 확인하였다. 그러므로 공급사슬을 구성하고 있는 개별기업들에게 공급사슬 통합의 중요성을 제시하며, RTE의 역량 제고를 위해서는 공급사슬 통합이 중요하고, 이를 통해 공급사슬 성과의 제고도 달성할 수 있다는 것을 확인하여, 제한된 자원을 가지고 있는 기업들에게 공급사슬의 어떠한 역량을 제고시켜야 하는가를 명확하게 규명하였다.

공급사슬 리스크 대응이 공급사슬 회복탄력성과 공급사슬성과에 미치는 영향

박찬권(Chan-Kwon Park),서영복(Yeong-Bok Seo) 한국SCM학회 2021 한국SCM학회지 Vol.21 No.1

This study analyzes the overall relationship structure between agility, robustness, and supply chain performance as supply chain risk response and supply chain resilience in response to possible risks in the supply chain. To confirm this, survey data were collected for domestic manufacturing companies, and finally 134 survey data were used for the study. The reliability and validity of the research items were confirmed through statistical processing of the questionnaire data, and the research hypotheses were tested using the path analysis method using the research items satisfying them. The test results of the research hypothesis can be summarized as follows. As a result of testing hypothesis H1, it was tested that supply risk response, operational risk response, and network risk response had a significant positive effect on agility. In addition, environmental risk response was tested to have a positive effect on agility at a conservative level (p<0.1 or less), and demand risk response had a positive effect on agility, but was not significant. As a result of testing hypothesis H2, it was tested that supply risk response, demand risk response, operational risk response, and network risk response had a significant positive effect on robustness. However, the environmental risk response had a positive effect on robustness, but was not significant. As a test of hypothesis H3, agility was tested to have a significant positive effect on supply chain performance, and as a test of hypothesis H4, robustness was also tested to have a significant positive effect on supply chain performance. As a result of the testing of the research hypothesis, risks that may occur in the supply chain are classified into five types with reference to previous studies. Among these risks, activities that respond to the rest of the risks excluding environmental risk response are the resilience of the supply chain, which is agility and robustness It has a significant positive effect in most cases, and suggests that agility and robustness as supply chain resilience can lead to improvement in supply chain performance.

공급사슬의 유형에 따른 파트너십과 공급사슬통합의 관계에 관한 비교 연구

김현정 인문사회 21 2019 인문사회 21 Vol.10 No.5

This study aims to propose a strategy on what type of partnership a firm should form with suppliers by comparing the impact of partnership on supply chain integration according to the type of supply chain. For this purpose, a survey was conducted on 238 manufacturers and correlation and hierarchical regression analyses were performed on the collected data. These analyses show that partnership between companies that make up either an efficient supply chain or a market responsive supply chain have a significant positive impact on supply chain integration. Of the two types, it is shown that an efficient supply chain has a stronger relationship than a market responsive supply chain. This study has implications in extending the scope of previous studies that examined the relationship between partnership and supply chain integration by comparing the types of supply chains. In the future, this study needs to be further expanded to analyze supply chain integration in detail. 본 연구의 목적은 공급사슬의 유형에 따른 파트너십이 공급사슬통합에 미치는 영향을 비교 분석함으로써, 각 기업이 속한 공급사슬에 따라 협력업체와 어떠한 파트너십을 맺어야 하는지에 관한 전략을 제시하는 것이다. 이를 살펴보기 위하여 238개 제조업체들을 대상으로 설문조사한 후, 상관관계 분석과 위계적 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과, 효율적 공급사슬과 시장 대응적 공급사슬을 구성하는 기업들의 파트너십은 공급사슬통합에 유의하게 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤고, 이는 효율적 공급사슬이 시장 대응적 공급사슬보다 강한 관계를 지니는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 공급사슬의 유형들을 비교함으로써, 파트너십과 공급사슬통합의 관계를 살펴봤던 선행연구의 범위를 확장했다는 시사점을 지닌다. 향후에는 본 연구를 더욱 확장하여 공급사슬통합을 세부적으로 구분하여 분석할 필요가 있다.

기업의 공급사슬 유형, 규모, 공급사슬 위치에 따른 RTE 선행요인, RTE 역량, 공급사슬 성과의 차이에 관한 연구: 대기업과 중소기업의 차이를 중심으로

박찬권,이용규,서영복 한국중소기업학회 2018 中小企業硏究 Vol.40 No.2

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the precedence of RTE of environment uncertainty, supply chain orientation, market orientation and RTE capacity of agility, visibility, forecasting ability, information system, and supply chain performance and the analysis of the difference in perceptions of RTE competence and RTE precedence factor according to the type of supply chain, size of company (sales and employees), location on the supply chain. As a result of analyzing the relation between RTE precedent, RTE competence, and supply chain performance, RTE precedent has a significant positive effect on RTE competence and RTE competence has a positive (+) significant effect on supply chain performance. And as a result of analyzing the differences according to the type of supply chain, the RTE precedent factor and the RTE competence level of the companies constituting the responsive supply chain were high. In addition, analysis of perception difference according to sales and employee size shows that the higher the sales and the larger the employees, the higher the perceived level of RTE precedent and RTE competence. Finally, there was no difference in the perception level of RTE competence and RTE precedent factor by analyzing the difference according to the position on the supply chain. The results of this study provide the following information to companies. The RTE predecessor affects the enhancement of the RTE capacity and suggests that raising the RTE capacity can lead to improved supply chain performance. It is suggested that the more responsive supply chain is interested in raising the RTE capacity, and the larger the size of the firm, the more interested in improving the RTE capacity. Therefore, SMEs need to be supported and interested in order to enhance the capacity of the entire supply chain. 본 연구는 환경 불확실성, 공급사슬지향성, 시장지향성의 RTE 선행요인과 민첩성, 가시성, 예측능력, 정보시스템의 RTE 역량, 공급사슬 성과 간의 관계 및 공급사슬 유형, 기업규모(매출액과 종업원), 공급사슬 상의 위치에 따른 RTE 선행요인, RTE 역량의 지각 차이를 분석하는 것이다. 먼저 RTE 선행요인과 RTE 역량, RTE 역량과 공급사슬 성과 간의 관계를 분석한 결과 RTE 선행요인은 RTE 역량에 정(+)의 유의한 영향을 미치며, RTE 역량은 공급사슬 성과에 정(+)의 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 검정되었다. 그리고 공급사슬 유형에 따른 차이를 분석한 결과 반응적 공급사슬을 구성한 기업들의 RTE 선행요인과 RTE 역량의 지각 수준이 높게 나타났다. 또한 매출액과 종업원 규모에 따른 지각 차이를 분석한 결과 매출액과 종업원의 규모가 큰 기업일수록 RTE 선행요인과 RTE 역량의 지각 수준이 높게 나타났다. 마지막으로 공급사슬 상의 위치에 따른 차이를 분석한 결과 RTE 선행요인과 RTE 역량의 지각 수준의 차이는 없었다. 이러한 연구결과는 기업들에게 다음과 같은 내용을 제시한다. RTE 선행요인은 RTE 역량 제고에 영향을 미치며, RTE 역량의 제고는 공급사슬 성과의 제고로 이어질 수 있다는 것을 제시한다. 그리고 반응적 공급사슬 일수록 RTE 역량의 제고에 관심이 높고, 기업의 규모가 클수록 RTE 역량의 제고에 관심이 높다는 것을 제시한다. 따라서 전체 공급사슬의 역량의 제고를 위하여 중소기업들에 대한 지원과 관심이 요구된다.

공급사슬 가시성과 공급사슬 성과의 구조적 관계에 대한 실증 연구

이인태 한국경영컨설팅학회 2019 경영컨설팅연구 Vol.19 No.1

This study is conducted to confirm the structural impact of supply chain visibility on supply chain performance by securing supply chain flexibility. For this purpose, a study model is established for the relationship of each variable, and the corresponding hypotheses are established and verified statistically. For verification, this study conduct a survey of domestic manufacturers and analysis the responses collected as SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 18.0. Structural equation model is used to verify the adequacy of the structural model and to prove the causal relationship among supply chain visibility, supply chain flexibility, and supply chain performance. As a result, inter and external visibility of supply chain is found to have a significant impact on securing supply chain visibility, and supply chain flexibility is found to be an important factor in improving supply chain performance. The results of this study show the importance of securing supply chain visibility in order to obtain differentiated competitive advantage in highly uncertain environments, thus providing a strategic direction for establishing an effective supply chain. This study has the following academic implications. First, this study presented structural causation of supply chain visibility, supply chain flexibility, and supply chain performance. Existing studies focus on presenting key success factors related to the establishment of supply chains. But in this study, I look at and present in terms of network theory how to differentiate from existing research to improve supply chain capabilities. Second, the importance of supply chain visibility is presented as a way to secure supply chain flexibility to cope with rapidly changing business environment. Through this, the importance of adjusting and improving the supply chain structure based on the collection and utilization of internal and external information is identified. Finally, in the relationship between supply chain visibility and supply chain performance, it is possible to provide practical implications for ensuring effective flexibility by validating the effect of the supply chain flexibility. 본 연구는 공급사슬 가시성이 공급사슬 유연성 확보를 통해 공급사슬 성과에 미치는 구조적 영향 관계를 실증적으로 검증하기 위하여 진행되었다. 이를 위하여 각 변수들의 관계에 대한 연구 모형을 수립하고, 이를 바탕으로 해당 가설을 수립하여 통계적으로 검증하였다. 검증을 위해 본 연구는 국내 제조 기업을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하고, 수집된 응답을 SPSS 180과 AMOS 180.0으로 분석하였다. 구조 방정식 모형을 통해 구조적 모형의 적합도를 확인하고 공급사슬 가시성, 공급사슬 유연성, 공금사슬 성과의 인과적 관계를 실증적으로 검증하였다. 결과적으로 공급사슬 내·외부 가시성은 공급사슬 유연성 확보에 중요한 영향을 미치는 것으로 파악되었으며, 공급사슬 유연성은 공급사슬 성과 향상을 위해 중요한 요인임을 확인하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 높은 불확실성의 환경에서 차별화된 경쟁 우위를 차지하기 위해 공급사슬 가시성 확보의 중요성을 제시함으로써, 효과적 공급사슬 구축에 대한 전략적·실무적 방향을 제시하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 다음과 같은 학문적 시사점을 지니고 있다. 첫째, 본 연구는 공급사슬 가시성, 공급사슬 유연성, 공급사슬 성과의 구조적 인과 관계를 제시하였다. 기존의 연구에서 공급사슬 구축과 관련하여 주요 성공 요인들을 제시하는 것에 집중한 것과 차별화하여 공급사슬 역량 향상을 위한 실행 방안을 네트워크 이론 관점에서 살펴보고 제시하였다. 둘째, 빠르게 변화하는 경영 환경에 대응하기 위해 공급사슬 유연성을 확보 할 수 있는 방안으로써 공급사슬 가시성의 중요성을 제시하였다. 내·외부 정보의 수집 및 활용을 통해 공급사슬의 구조를 조정하고 개선하는 것의 중요성을 확인하였다. 마지막으로 공급사슬 가시성과 공급사슬 성과의 관계에 있어 공급사슬 유연성의 매개효과를 실증적으로 검증함으로써 효과적인 유연성 확보를 위한 실무적 함의를 제시할 수 있다.

확산모델을 고려한 공급사슬 계약방식 분석

김진민 ( Jinmin Kim ) 고려대학교 세종경영연구소 2015 경상논집 Vol.35 No.1

뉴스벤더 모델을 기반으로 한 공급사슬 계약은 공급사슬의 협력적 조정을 위한 효과적인 방법이다. 본 연구는 공급사슬의 협력적 조정을 위하여 제시된 공급사슬 계약방식들을 비교한 논문이다. 기존의 논문들은 구매자의 재고비용을 고려하지 않았기 때문에, 그 효과가 과장되어 표현되는 경우가 많았다. 본 논문은 판매기간에 따라 발생하는 재고유지 비용을 고려하여 공급사슬 계약방식들에 대한 비교를 진행하였다. 성과를 측정하기 위하여 공급사슬 전체와 구매자의 이익증가율과 공급사슬 전체와 구매자의 성공을 제시함으로서 이해를 도왔다. 본 논문에서는 많은 연구들이 제시한 공급사슬 계약방식의 효과에 대하여 환경요인을 고려하여 평가하고, 실제로 얼마나 효과가 있는지를 증명하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 실제 수요의 확산을 고려하여 재고유지 비용의 공급사슬 계약방식에 대한 영향의 차이를 분석하였다. In a supply chain, all player of the chain focus on total supply chain profits but participants are selfish and try to increase their own profits. Supply chain contracts based on the Newsvendor model based are mathematical methods for Supply chain coordination. As Wholesale price contract is in the base, new supply chain contracts have been proposed. Many types of the supply chain contracts are suggested and developed. It is easy to understand the mechanisms of each contract of the supply chain because it is mathematical or systematically performed. However, there are not sufficient research on the impact of comparison with types of contracts and environmental factors of the contract of supply chain. This study compares supply chain contracts to analyze the coordination effects. The previous research did not consider the inventory holding cost of the buyer, so this paper suggests the combined model of supply chain contracts and diffusion model. Considering sales period with the inventory holding cost, a comparison between supply chain contracts is proposed. To measure the outcomes, we provide the rate of profit growth for total supply chain and buyer and the success rate for total supply chain and buyer. Therefore, actual demand sales periods have the impact on stock keeping costs of each supply chain contract type.