신도시 주거지역 토지이용패턴 형성과정에 관한 연구: 일산신도시 사례분석

김재현,여홍구,김채련 국토지리학회 2007 국토지리학회지 Vol.41 No.4

A residential area, which can account for the highest area ratio of a city, can have a great effect on the formation process of land use patterns. For instance, single-family complexes among residential areas are formed over a certain period of time. The special feature of the land use pattern in a single-family area is the excessive mixture of commercial use, which may cause negative external effects including deterioration of the residential environment and a decline in hosing prices. This study presents positive data as a remedy measure for the single-family complexes by examining the status quo of the mixture of commercial use and the formation process of the land use pattern in Ilsan New Town. The indices and the figures of land use pattern are analysed by the types of single-family area classified by the distance from the subway stations. The study results indicate the following facts. First, the formation of single-family complexes can be divided into the initial, the rapid growth and completion phases. Secondly, the curve of the growth ratio of single-family complexes assumes an ?S? form. The C/R ratios based on the types of single-family complexes are 2.9, 1.3, 0.9 respectively. Thirdly, the commercial uses mixed in single-family complexes include restaurants, retailers, offices in ratio order. Fourth, the change in land use ratio is characterized by the decline in the numbers of retailers and the increase in the restaurants. Finally, the formation process of land use patterns can be classified into the commercial use-dominant type and the residential use-dominant type. 한 도시에서 가장 비중이 큰 주거지역은 도시토지이용패턴의 형성에 가장 큰 영향을 미친다. 주거지역 중에서도 단독주택단지의 토지이용변화패턴은 일정기간에 걸쳐 형성되며, 상업용도가 과도하게 혼합되는 경향이 있다. 상업용도의 과도한 혼합은 주거환경 악화, 재산가치의 하락 등 부의 외부효과를 발생시킨다. 본 연구는 일산 신도시 단독주택지의 상업용도 혼입과 그 토지이용패턴에 관한 실증적 분석자료를 근거로 개선방안을 마련하기 위한 정책적 시사점을 제시하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 일산의 단독주택단지를 역세권형·준역세권형·주거지형으로 유형화하여 분석지표와 토지이용패턴도를 통해 실증 분석한 결과 밝혀진 사실은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 토지이용형성율을 그래프로 나타낸 토지이용형성곡선은 S커브 형태를 갖으며, 기울기의 변화에 따라 초기, 급성장기 및 완료기로 단계화될 수 있다. 둘째, 점포 주택(C)과 전용주택(R)의 비율인 C/R은 역세권형·준역세권형·주거지형이 각각 2.9, 1.34, 0.9로, 단지유형에 따라 큰 차이를 보인다. 셋째, 상업용도구성비는 일산 전체를 기준으로 음식위락(19.6%), 판매(8.9%), 업무(8.2%)의 순이다. 넷째, 상업용도의 과다공급 및 할인점 등 대형 유통업체의 입점에 따라 판매의 감소와 음식위락 및 주거의 증가하는 침입·계승현상이 발생한다. 마지막으로, 토지이용패턴 형성과정은 C/R〉1인 상업용도 우세형과 C/R〈1주거용도 우세형 2가지로 유형화된다.

신도시 주거지역 토지이용패턴 형성과정에 관한 연구

김재현(Kim, Jae-Hyun),여홍구(Yuh, Hong-Koo),김채련(Kim, Chae-Ryun) 한국지역개발학회 2007 韓國地域開發學會誌 Vol.19 No.3

A residential area, which can account for the highest area ratio of a city, can have a great effect on the formation process of land use patterns. For instance, single-family complexes among residential areas are formed over a certain period of time. The special feature of the land use pattern in a single-family area is the excessive mixture of commercial use, which may cause negative external effects including deterioration of the residential environment and a decline in hosing prices. This study presents positive data as a remedy measure for the single-family complexes by examining the status quo of the mixture of commercial use and the formation process of the land use pattern in Bun-dang New Town. The indices and the figures of land use pattern are analysed by the types of single-family area classified by the distance from the subway stations. The study results indicate the following facts. First, the formation of single-family complexes can be divided into the initial, the rapid growth and completion phases. Secondly, the curve of the growth ratio of single-family complexes assumes an "S" form. The C!R ratios based on the types of single-family complexes are 3.4, 2.4, 0.3 respectively. Thirdly, the commercial uses mixed in single-family complexes include restaurants, offices, retailers in ratio order. Fourth, the change in land use ratio is characterized by the decline in the numbers of retailers and the increase in the restaurants. Finally, the formation process of land use patterns can be classified into the commercial use-dominant type and the residential use-dominant type.

청미천에서 제방에 의해 격리된 옛홍수터의 경계 설정과 토지이용 분석

진승남(Seung-Nam Jin),조강현(Kang-Hyun Cho),조형진(Hyung-Jin Cho) 응용생태공학회 2017 Ecology and resilient infrastructure Vol.4 No.2

우리나라의 하천은 대부분 치수를 위한 제방공사를 통해 직강화되어 있다. 하천과 홍수터의 횡적 연결성을 회복하기 위해서는 제방에 의해 격리된 옛홍수터를 탐색하고 현재 토지이용현황을 파악하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구의 목적은 청미천에서 옛홍수터를 탐색하고 토지이용현황을 분석하는 것이다. 옛홍수터는 지리정보시스템을 이용하여 청미천 유역에서 수치표고모델, 연속수치지도 및 계획홍수위를 중첩하여 산출하였다. 탐색된 옛홍수터의 토지이용현황은 토지피복도를 이용하여 분류하였다. 청미천에서 격리된 옛홍수터는 총 104 지점이 탐색되었으며, 전체면적은 11.9 km2이었다. 옛홍수터의 토지이용은 농경지가 87.1%로 대부분을 차지하였다. 청미천의 하류에는 산지로 둘러싸인 소규모 패치 형태의 옛홍수터가 많았으며, 이러한 지역은 시가화지역의 비율이 낮고, 농경지의 비율이 높아 하천 횡적 연결성 복원의 효율이 높을 것이다. 청미천에서 탐색된 격리된 옛홍수터와 토지이용 현황은 향후 하천 복원계획에 기초자료로 이용될 수 있을 것이다. For the restoration of lateral connectivity between channel and floodplain, it is important to find the former floodplain and to characterize its land use in streams which were channelized by the levee construction for the flood protection. The aim of this study is to map the former floodplains and to assess its land use pattern in the Cheongmi-cheon Stream, Korea. The former floodplains were explored by being overlapped on a digital elevation model (DEM), digital topographic map and design flood level using a geographical information system (GIS) in the Cheongmi-cheon Stream basin. The land use of the identified former floodplains was classified by land-use map. The total number of the former floodplains was 104 and their total area was 11.9 km2 in the Cheongmi-cheon Stream. The land use pattern of the former floodplains was mostly farmland (87.1%). The former floodplains were usually surrounded by mountain forest in the downstream of the Cheongmi-cheon Stream. These former floodplains are probably suitable for restoration of lateral connectivity because of lower ratio of urban area but higher ratio of farmland. The results of delineation and land use analysis of the former floodplain can be used as a baseline data for planning stream restoration in the Cheongmi-cheon Stream.

지형, 개발지역, 수변림과 하천 내 총질소 농도와의 구조적 관계 분석

이상우,이종원,박세린 한국조경학회 2020 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.48 No.1

유역의 토지이용과 하천에 인접한 수변림은 하천의 수질을 결정하는 중요한 요인이다. 특히 유역의 개발지역은 불투수면을 증가시키고, 강우유출 특성과 비점오염물질 거동을 변화시켜 하천의 수질을 악화시킨다. 한편, 수변림은 다양한 수문학적, 생화학적 및 생태학적 작용을 통해 유역의 토지이용이 수질에 미치는 영향을 완화시키는 것으로 보고되어 왔다. 하천의 수질은 다양한 요인들에 의해 영향을 받기 때문에 요인들 간 인과관계를 이해하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구는 인과관계를 분석할 수 있는 구조방정식모형을 통해 하천환경 특성, 유역의 개발지역 면적, 수변림의 공간적 구조가 총질소 농도에 미치는 구조적 관계 분석에 목적을 두고 수행되었다. 연구 대상지는 낙동강 대권역으로 선정하였으며, 수질 자료는 2012년 환경부의 「전국 하천 수생태계 현황 조사 및 건강성 평가」 결과를 이용하였다. 환경부의 토지피복도에서 수변림과 개발지역 데이터를 추출하여 SPSS Amos 프로그램을 통해 구조방정식모형을 추정하였다. 모형 추정 결과, 개발지역은 고도에 의해 결정되며 수변림의 공간적 구조는 개발지역 면적에 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 개발지역 면적은 총질소 농도에 직접적인 영향과 수변림의 공간적 구조를 통해 간접적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 개발지역은 수변림의 LDI와 총질소 농도를 증가시키고 LPI와 PLAND를 감소시키며 LDI와 PLAND는 총질소 농도를 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 유역의 개발지역이 하천의 총질소 농도에 직간접적으로 영향을 미치나, 수변림이 공간적으로 안정적인 구조를 갖고 식생이 풍부할 경우, 개발지역이 하천 수질에 미치는 부정적인 영향을 상당히 완화시킬 수 있다는 것을 의미한다. 따라서 중장기적인 유역 관리 계획 수립 시, 하천의 수질 회복을 위해서는 유역의 개발지역 비율을 최소화하는 것이 중요하며, 유역 개발에 의한 하천 수질의 영향을 완화하기 위해서는 수변림의 양과 구조의 복원 및 관리가 필요하다. Land use in watersheds has been shown to be a major driving factor in determining the status of the water quality of streams. In this light, scientists have been investigating the roles of riparian vegetation on the relationships between land use in watersheds and the associated stream water quality. Numerous studies reported that riparian vegetation could alleviate the adverse effects caused by land use in watersheds and on stream water quality through various hydrological, biochemical and ecological mechanisms. However, this concept has been criticized as the true effects of riparian vegetation must be assessed by comprehensive models that mimic real environmental settings. This study aimed to estimate a comprehensive structural equation model integrating topography, land use, and characteristics of riparian vegetation. We used water quality data from the Nakdong River system monitored under the National Aquatic Ecosystem Monitoring Program (NAEMP) of the Korean Ministry of Environment (MOE). Also, riparian vegetation data and land use data were extracted from the Land Use/Land Cover map (LULC) produced by the MOE. The number of structural equation models (SEMs) were estimated in Amos of IBM SPSS. Study results revealed that land use was determined by elevation, and developed areas within a watershed significantly increased the concentration of Total Nitrogen (TN) in streams and LDI in riparian vegetation. On the contrary, developed areas significantly reduced LPI and PLAND. At the same time, PLAND and LDI significantly reduced the concentration of TN in streams. Thus, it was clear that developed areas in watersheds had both a direct and an indirect impact on the concentration of TN in streams, and spatial pattern and the amount of vegetation of riparian vegetation could significantly alleviate the negative impacts of developed areas on TN concentration in streams. To enhance stream water quality, reducing developed areas in a watershed is critical for long-term watershed management plans, restoration patterns for riparian vegetation could be immediately implemented since riparian areas were less developed than most other watersheds.

토지이용특성이 통행수단 및 통행목적별 통행패턴에 미치는 효과

민병학,이건원,김세용 대한건축학회 2016 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.32 No.4

This study empirically analyzes the effect factors of each land use characteristic-density, diversity and accessibility-on inflow travel which is classified by two properties of trip, trip purpose and travel mode, in Seoul Metropolitan area. For the analysis, precedent studies related to land use and trip are reviewed, and a research hypothesis is set from the review. Land use characteristics are divided into three properties which is density, diversity and accessibility and twelve independent variables are included in them. Trips are classified as five different trip patterns by properties of trip which are trip purpose and travel mode, and models for analyzing are built for each pattern. The sample size is 283,093 trips which inflow into Seoul. Analysis of effects of land use characteristics on each trip pattern is performed by using regression analysis. According to the analysis results, it is necessary to plan and carry out public policy projects by considering land-use characteristics of regions, and it is able to enhance walkability and trips on transit by increasing in global integration of Seoul.

An influence of mesohabitat structures (pool, riffle, and run) and land-use pattern on the index of biological integrity in the Geum River watershed

Martha S. Calderon,안광국 한국생태학회 2016 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.40 No.2

Background: Previous studies on the biological integrity on habitat and landuse patterns demonstrated ecological stream health in the view of regional or macrohabitat scale, thus ignored the mesoscale habitat patterns of pool, riffle, and runs in the stream health analysis. The objective of this study was to analyze influences on the mesohabitat structures of pool, riffle, and run reaches on the fish guilds and biological integrity in Geum-River Watershed. Results: The mesohabitat structures of pool, riffle, and run reaches influenced the ecological stream health along with some close relations on the fish trophic and tolerance guilds. The mesoscale components altered chemical water quality such as nutrients (TN, TP) and BOD and these, then, determined the primary productions, based on the sestonic chlorophyll-a. The riffle-reach had good chemical conditions, but the pool-reach had nutrient enrichments. The riffle-reach had a predominance of insectivores, while the pool-reach has a predominance of omnivores. Also, the riffle-reach had high proportions of sensitive fish and insectivore fish, and the pool-reach had high proportions of tolerant species in the community composition. The intermediate fish species in tolerance and omnivorous fish species in the food linkage dominated the community in the watershed, and the sensitive and insectivorous fishes decreased rapidly with a degradation of the water quality. All the habitat patterns were largely determined by the land-use patterns in the watershed. Conclusions: Trophic guilds and tolerance guilds of fish were determined by land-use pattern and these determined the stream health, based on the Index of Biological Integrity. This study remarks the necessity to include additional variables to consider information provided by mesohabitats and land-use distributions within the selected stream stretch. Overall, our data suggest that land-use pattern and mesohabitat distribution are important factors to be considered for the trophic and tolerance fish compositions and chemical gradients as well as ecological stream health in the watershed.

An influence of mesohabitat structures (pool, riffle, and run) and land-use pattern on the index of biological integrity in the Geum River watershed

Calderon, Martha S.,An, Kwang-Guk The Ecological Society of Korea 2016 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.40 No.2

Background: Previous studies on the biological integrity on habitat and landuse patterns demonstrated ecological stream health in the view of regional or macrohabitat scale, thus ignored the mesoscale habitat patterns of pool, riffle, and runs in the stream health analysis. The objective of this study was to analyze influences on the mesohabitat structures of pool, riffle, and run reaches on the fish guilds and biological integrity in Geum-River Watershed. Results: The mesohabitat structures of pool, riffle, and run reaches influenced the ecological stream health along with some close relations on the fish trophic and tolerance guilds. The mesoscale components altered chemical water quality such as nutrients (TN, TP) and BOD and these, then, determined the primary productions, based on the sestonic chlorophyll-a. The riffle-reach had good chemical conditions, but the pool-reach had nutrient enrichments. The riffle-reach had a predominance of insectivores, while the pool-reach has a predominance of omnivores. Also, the riffle-reach had high proportions of sensitive fish and insectivore fish, and the pool-reach had high proportions of tolerant species in the community composition. The intermediate fish species in tolerance and omnivorous fish species in the food linkage dominated the community in the watershed, and the sensitive and insectivorous fishes decreased rapidly with a degradation of the water quality. All the habitat patterns were largely determined by the land-use patterns in the watershed. Conclusions: Trophic guilds and tolerance guilds of fish were determined by land-use pattern and these determined the stream health, based on the Index of Biological Integrity. This study remarks the necessity to include additional variables to consider information provided by mesohabitats and land-use distributions within the selected stream stretch. Overall, our data suggest that land-use pattern and mesohabitat distribution are important factors to be considered for the trophic and tolerance fish compositions and chemical gradients as well as ecological stream health in the watershed.

총량관리 단위유역의 토지이용 변화 및 오염물질 배출형태 분석

박준대 ( Jun Dae Park ),오승영 ( Seung Young Oh ),최옥연 ( Ok Youn Choi ) 한국물환경학회 2014 한국물환경학회지 Vol.30 No.2

The land use of the unit watersheds should be maintained appropriately in order to keep the load allotment stable for the management of Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs). This study classified the land area in four types and analyzed the use of each land type and its changing pattern by calculating the occupation and conversion ratios for the unit watersheds in three river basins. The forest land showed the greatest occupation ratio with 63.0%, followed by the farm land with 23%, the other area with 8.0% and the site area with 6.0% in 2003. The occupation ratio of the site and the other area increased by 0.4% and 0.2% respectively, and that of the farm and the forest land decreased by 0.4% and 0.2% respectively in 2007. The conversion ratio for the site area ranged from 1.65% to 1.97%, for the farm land from -0.47% to -0.33%, for the forest land from -0.10% to -0.04% and for the other area from 0.17% to 1.97%. It can be inferred that the decrease in the farm and the forest land contributed to the increase in the site area and that the increase in the other area was mainly made by the decrease in the forest land. It could be more effective to take into account the changes in the site area and in the forest land in the process of developing the TMDL plans.

토지이용에 따른 산불발생의 영향 분석: 충청북도 사례를 중심으로

김유리,조진희,이재홍,황희연 한국방재학회 2014 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.14 No.4

The purpose of this study was to analyze land uses affecting spatial distribution patterns, and forest fire occurrence in forest fire areasusing forest fire data of Chungbuk Province (1991 to 2012). For this purpose, this study examined spatial distribution patterns in forestfire areas using nearest neighbor index analysis, kernel density estimation and spatial autocorrelation analysis. Land use typesaffecting forest fire occurrence was induced by spatial regression analysis. As the result, forest fire occurrence in Chungbuk Provincewas spatially autocorrelated, and formed local clustering patterns. Land uses affecting forest fire occurrence were forest area, agriculturalarea and bare land. Forest fire in the area affects forest fire by 40.7%. Results of this study can be used to enhance monitoringsystem for forest fire prevention in forest fire areas, and help take preventive measures against forest fires by land use type significantlyaffecting forest fire occurrence. 본 연구는 충청북도의 산불발생자료(1991년~2012년)를 활용하여 산불발생지역의 공간분포패턴과 산불발생에 영향을 주는 토지이용을 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 최근린지수분석과 커널밀도분석, 공간자기상관성 분석을 통해 산불발생지역의 공간분포 패턴을 파악하였고, 공간회귀분석을 통해 산불발생에 영향을 주는 토지이용 유형을 도출하였다. 연구결과 충청북도의 산불발생은 공간적 자기상관성이 있으며, 국지적인 군집패턴을 형성하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 산불발생에 영향을 주는 토지이용은 산림지역, 농업지역, 나지인 것으로 나타났고, 산불발생은 주변지역의 산불발생에 40.7%의 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 연구결과는 산불발생이 군집을 이루는 지역을 대상으로 산불예방을 위한 감시체계를 강화하고, 산불발생에 영향을 많이 주는 토지이용 유형에 맞는 산불예방정책 수립에활용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

전남 완도군 토지이용에 따른 공간 패턴 유형화 연구

김재은,홍선기 한국지적정보학회 2023 한국지적정보학회지 Vol.25 No.1

Islands place more restrictions on people's freedom of movement than the mainland, resulting in problems such as lower degrees of development. The government is constructing land-connect ing bridges to secure such basic rights. Land use research is recognized as very suitable for investigating and explaining any resulting changes in social and economic systems. In this study, spatial patterns were analyzed using land use types and landscape indices in Wando-gun. Cluster analysis was conducted to classify spatial patterns and CCA analysis was used to examine the distribution of spatial patterns of islands typified by external environmental factors. In terms of land use, the forest area ratio was the highest and three distinct types of spatial patterns were identified. The results reveal that the islands of Wando-gun face different development opportunities due to being either directly or indirectly connected islands, while the discrepancies persist even after a decade. This gives grounds for reconsidering the cessation of support of islands after 10 years under the 『Island Development Promotion Act』. Moreover, it is judged important to consider long-term strategies for sustainable development after bridge construction that take into account the islands' ecological and cultural resources and socio-economic system. 섬은 육지보다 국민의 이동권에 제약이 많아 이에 따른 발전 저하 등의 문제가 발생한다. 정부는 섬 지역 이동 편의성 증진과 같은 기본권확보 등을 위해 연륙교를 건설하고 있다. 이러한 정책은 섬의 토지이용 변화 등 생태계 및 사회·경제적 시스템 변화를 유발한다. 토지이용과 관련된 연구는 생태와 문화적 특징을 설명해주는 중요한 연구 주제로, 사회·경제 시스템의 변화를 설명하기에 매우 적합한 것으로 인정받고 있다. 본 연구에서는 완도군 토지이용 현황과 경관지수를 활용하여 공간 패턴을 분석하였다. 또한 공간 패턴을 유형화하기 위해 cluster분석을 실시하였고, 인구, 섬 면적, 육지와의 거리, 연륙, 교통편의성 등의 외부 환경요인에 의해 유형화된 섬의 공간 패턴 분포를 CCA분석을 통해 시행하였다. 완도군 토지이용은 숲의 면적 비율이 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 공간패턴 유형화에서는 세 가지 유형으로 구분되었다. 첫 번째 유형은 노화읍, 금일읍, 보길면, 청산면, 소안면, 약산면, 신지면이고, 두 번째 유형은 고금면, 군외면, 완도읍이고 세 번째 유형은 금당면과 생일면으로 구분되었다. CCA분석 결과, 세 번째 유형은 인구감소에 의한 환경영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 첫 번째 유형에 속한 약산면과 신지면은 연륙되지 않은 섬들과 같은 유형에 속하면서 섬의 특징을 보였다. 두 번째 유형으로 연륙된 지역인 완도읍, 군외면, 고금면은 외부 환경요인에 크게 영향을 받지 않았다. 결과적으로 완도군 섬은 10년 이상이 지나도 일차적으로 연륙된 섬과 이차적으로 연륙된 섬이 같은 발전기회를 갖는 것은 아니다. 따라서 『섬발전촉진법』에 의해 10년 이상 지나면 대상 섬에서 제외되는 것에 대해 논의가 필요하다. 또한, 섬의 생태문화자원과 사회·경제적 시스템을 파악하여 연륙 후 지속가능한 발전을 할 수 있는 전략을 장기적으로 함께 생각하는 것이 중요할 것으로 판단된다.