노인의 동거형태에 따른 생활만족도에 관한 조사연구

황희원,박오장 전남대학교 간호과학연구소 2007 Nursing and Health Issues(NHI) Vol.12 No.1

As nuclear family becomes a dominant family structure in our society. the way people look at supporting senior citizens are changing. In the past. it's traditional practice to live with the oldest son, but elderly people now increasingly dwell with children other than the oldest son under the same roof, and many senior citizens live alone or just with their spouses. The purpose of study was to investigate the distribution of elderly living arrangement (whom living with), and to determine the differences of their self-esteem, health condition and life satisfaction according to their living arrangements. The subjects were 210 male and female seniors over 65 years old who were living in the Jeon-ju city. Data were collected by the researcher through the structured question nares to measure self esteem, health status, and life satisfaction of the elderly from January 10th to February 10th, 2002. The researcher visited five senior centers and one elderly welfare center in J city and explained about the purpose and method of the study to the subjects. Data were analyzed with SASjPC 6.12 program. The frequency and percentage were calculated to look for connections between living arrangement and general characteristics, and ANOVA was employed to find out the differences among the living arrangements of the elderly on self-esteem, health condition and life satisfaction. In case there appeared any significant differences, Duncan test was carried out as post-test. and Pearson correlation coefficient was utilized to identify intervariable correlations. The major findings of this study could be summarized as below: 1. Out of the 210 senior citizens investigated, 31 percent, the largest group, lived with their spouses only. The second most largest group was living with married son (29.1 %), followed by the group of living alone(21.4%), the group of living with married daughters(10.9%) and the group of living with unmarried offspring(7.6%) in the order named. 2. There were significant differences among self-esteem of the elderly according to living arrangements(F=2.52, P<0.05). The group of living with unmarried offspring showed the highest score of 26.0, followed by the group of living with spouses (25.8), the group of living with married sons(25.0), the group of living with married daughters(24.7) and the living-alone group(24.4) in the order named. The post-test showed that the groups of living with unmarried offspring, spouse only and married sons had significantly better self-esteem than the other groups of living alone or living with married daughters. 3. There were significant differences among health condition of the elderly according to living arrangements(F=9.53, p=.OOO). The group of living with spouse only was significantly in the best health with 95.3 marks, followed by the group of living with married son(92.9 marks), the group of living with unmarried offspring(89.8), the living-alone group(84.4) and the group of living with married daughters(83.8) in the order named. The post-test suggested that the groups of living with spouses and with married sons were significantly healthier than the other groups of living alone and of living with married daughters. 4. There was no significant difference in life satisfaction of the elderly according to the living arrangement(F=0.03, p=.997). The group of living with married daughters was most satisfied with their lives with 44.5 scores, followed by the group of living with married sons(44.3). The groups of living alone, living with spouses, and living with unmarried offspring were the least in life satisfaction(44.2 respectively). 5. There appeared slight but significantly positive correlations between self-esteem and health condition(r= .1798, p= .009) and between health condition and life satisfaction (r=.1501, p=.029). However, self-esteem wasn't significantly correlated to life satisfaction(r=.0807, p=243). The above-mentioned findings indicated that more than half the elderly people lived alone or just with their spouses, as the groups of living alone and of living with spouses accounted for 52.4 percent. And the groups of living with spouses or with married sons were better in self- esteem and healthier, compared to the groups of living with married daughters and of living alone.

전문대학생 정신건강의 영향 요인에 관한 연구

오선영,Oh, SunYoung 대한예방한의학회 2015 대한예방한의학회지 Vol.19 No.2

Objective : The objective of this study is to analyze various factors of how mental health, self esteem, and stress affect health living conditions aimed at college students who have a low level of self-awareness. This study can provide college students the vitality lifestyle by developing and applying customized healthy living program. Furthermore, it can benefit preventing disease and improving health condition. Method : This study is aimed at college students in Daegu. The research subjects' distributions consist of male of 138 and female of 144, which totaled 282. The collected data was analyzed by SPSS 18.0, statistical program.4 Results : The result of the study indicated that the main factors that affect self esteem, stress, and mental health condition are allowance and part time jobs. It shows that health characteristic doesn't have relationship with self esteem. However, stress are mental health have a close relationship with drinking, health conditions, sleeping hours, and exercise. Conclusion : College Students should manage and lead healthy living style as a role model of family and society; as a result, healthy living style in the college becomes very important time period in the life time. Therefore, college students need to improve self esteem and reduce stress in order to benefit their mental health. College faculty members also need to put an effort on educational health programs regarding the practice of healthy life such as campaign for antismoking, moderating in drink, and exercising.

2016년 청년 사회·경제 실태조사

김기헌,하형석,신인철,배진우,손원빈 한국청소년정책연구원 2016 한국청소년정책연구원 연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

최근 확대되고 있는 청년 문제들을 해결하고, 이를 지원하는 정책을 수립하기 위해서는 청년 세대만이 갖는 특징을 이해하고, 이와 더불어 생애 과정에서 겪게 되는 사건과 현상들을 파악할 필요가 있는 것이 사실이다. 또한, 청년을 둘러싼 다양한 환경들이 급변하고 있으며 이러한 환경 변화가 청년들의 삶에 큰 영향을 미칠 것으로 예상되나 이를 정확하게 진단하고 청년 실태를 분석할 자료들은 많지 않은 것이 현실이다. 이에 2016년 청년 사회·경제 실태조사는 청년 고용 및 실업 문제가 매우 심각한 상황에서 현재 청년들의 실태를 파악하고 정책적인 대안을 마련하는 기초자료를 수집하기 위하여 실시되었다. 본 조사의 조사 영역은 ① 인구와 가족, ② 교육, ③ 경제, ④ 주거, ⑤ 건강, ⑥ 문화와 가치관, ⑦ 관계와 참여의 총 7가지로 구성되었다. 첫째, 인구와 가족 영역의 주요 조사항목은 아동/청소년/청년의 연령 범위, 독립/결혼/자녀를 가지는 것에 대한 생각, 가장 먼저 확대해야하는 출산/육아 대책, 2025년 출산율에 대한 생각 등으로 이루어져 있다. 둘째, 교육 영역의 주요 조사항목은 대학교육에 대한 생각, 2025년 입시 경쟁에 대한 생각, 우리 사회의 교육 관행에 대한 의견 등으로 이루어져 있다. 셋째, 경제 영역의 주요 조사항목은 선호하는 일자리 유형, 취업 시 가장 중요한 요소, 2025년 청년 취업경쟁에 대한 생각, 적절하다고 생각하는 2017년 최저임금, 미취업 청년에게 수당/배당/급여를 지급하는 것에 대한 생각, 소비생활 중 지출이 가장 큰 항목, 재정 상황이 좋아진다면 가장 먼저 지출을 늘릴 항목 등으로 이루어져 있다. 넷째, 주거 영역의 주요 조사항목은 본인 명의의 집을 마련할 것으로 기대되는 시점, 공동주거 경험 여부 및 의향, 집에 대한 생각, 거주하는 주택의 점유 형태, 부모님과 동거 여부 등으로 이루어져 있다. 다섯째, 건강 영역의 주요 조사항목은 본인의 체형에 대한 생각, 건강 상태에 대한 생각, 일상생활 중 스트레스 정도, 평일 하루 수면시간 등으로 이루어져 있다. 여섯째, 문화와 가치관 영역의 주요 조사항목은 문화예술에 대한 관심 정도, 지난 1년간 독서 여부, 여가활동을 주로 함께하는 사람, 여가활동을 위한 동호회 가입 여부, 가장 자주 접한 뉴스매체, 가치관련 선호 정도 등으로 이루어져 있다. 마지막으로 관계와 참여 영역의 주요 조사항목은 어려운 상황에서 기댈 수 있는 친구, 기성세대 및 노인에 대한 생각, 반대의견 제시방법 참여 의향, 한국 사회의 공정성 수준에 대한 생각, 정치적 성향 등으로 이루어져 있다. 2016년 청년 사회·경제 실태조사는 청년정책의 방향과 과제를 포괄적으로 제시하고자 하였고, 2017년부터 4년 동안 핵심적인 청년정책 대상인 ① 청년 니트(NEET)와 사회부적응, ② 학교 신규 졸업(예정)자, ③ 청년 근로빈곤층, ④ 청년 여성 등을 대상으로 심층적인 추가 조사항목을 개발해 본조사와 더불어 부가조사(special module)를 실시하고자 한다. To resolve the growing problems of the youth and establish support policies, it is necessary to understand the characteristics of the young generation and figure out the phenomena and events that young people generally experience in their lives. While it is estimated that rapid changes in the conditions around young people seem very likely to have a significant impact on their lives, there is not in fact sufficient data to precisely analyze the actual state of the youth. A 2016 survey on the actual social and economic conditions of the youth was conducted to collect the basic data that will enable policymakers to take measures to tackle the serious problem of youth unemployment. The survey consists of seven parts: ① population and family ② education ③ economy ④ housing ⑤ health ⑥ culture and values ⑦ relationships and participation. The first part, population and family, was composed of age range (children, adolescents, and youth); opinions about having a child, marriage, and independence; policy on children and parenting, which needs to be expanded first and foremost; and the expected birth rate in 2025. Second, education mainly asked about opinions on university education and the competition for entrance exams in 2025, and opinions about educational practice in our society. Third, economy was designed to survey job preference; the most important factor when looking for a job; thoughts about competition among youth for jobs in 2025; the adequate minimum wage in 2017; opinions about unemployment benefits, payment to unemployed young people; what respondents spend the majority of money on; and which area the respondents would expand their spending on first if their financial conditions were improved. Fourth, the main questions that housing included were when the respondents expect to be able to buy a house; whether they have experience living in a shared house or they would choose to live in a shared house depending on their situation; thoughts about houses; the tenure status of the house where the respondents currently live; and whether the respondents live with their parents. Fifth, the questions on health consisted of how the respondents think about their own figure; what the respondents think about their health; level of stress in everyday life; and sleeping hours on average.“ Sixth, culture and values are designed to survey level of interest in culture and art; whether the respondents read any books over the past year; whom respondents often go out with for leisure; whether they join any clubs for leisure; which news media the respondents often encounter; and preference regarding values.“ Last, relationships and participation asked about the friend that respondents could rely on in a difficult situation; what the respondents think about the older generation and the elderly; how to express a dissenting opinion and intention to participate in expressing it; opinions about the level of fairness in Korean society; and political orientation. The 2016 survey on the actual social and economic conditions of the youth was designed to provide a comprehensive view of the youth policies and agenda. A special module is planned to be conducted for four years starting from 2017 along with the main module by developing additional items, targeting ① NEETs and social misfits, ② new graduates or graduates-to-be, ③ underprivileged youth, and ④ young women.

한ㆍ일 노인의 건강관련 라이프스타일과 생활기능의 관계

이지희 ( Lee Jihee ),엄기욱 ( Um Kiwook ),후토유 요시코 ( Futoyu Yoshiko ),나카지마 가즈오 ( Nakajima Kazuo ) 한국보건사회연구원 2012 保健社會硏究 Vol.32 No.1

본 연구에서는 노인의 건강관련 라이프스타일과 생활기능의 관계를 구조방정식 모형을 통해 실증적으로 검토하고 한국과 일본 노인의 건강에 관한 공통적인 특징을 찾는 것에 목적을 두었다. 조사는 한국과 일본의 65세 이상의 노인(한국 503명, 일본 494 명)을 대상으로 하였으며 통계분석에는 분석에 사용되는 항목에 결손이 없는 한국 282 명, 일본 201명의 데이터를 사용하였다. 건강관련 라이프스타일이 생활기능 3요소(기능 적 · 구조적 통합성, 활동, 참가) 각각에 영향을 준다고 하는 연구모형을 설정하고 연구 모형의 데이터에 대한 적합도 및 변수간의 관련성을 구조방정식 모형으로 검토하였다. 이때 한국과 일본 노인의 건강에 관한 공통적인 특징을 찾아내기 위하여 한 · 일 노인에 게 있어서 같은 인과관계 모형을 검증하였다. 연구모형의 데이터에 대한 적합도 지수는 한국의 경우 CFI가 0.914 RMSEA가 0.064, 일본의 경우 CFI가 0.941, RMSEA가 0.049로 양국모두 통계학적 허용기준을 충족하고 있었다. 또한 노인의 건강상태를 구성 하고 있는 3요소(기능적 · 구조적 통합성, 활동, 참가)는 상호 관련성이 있다는 것, 건강 관련 라이프스타일을 지속적으로 실천하고 있는 사람일수록 심신의 기능이 양호하며 활 동 능력이 높고, 참여 빈도가 높다는 것이 밝혀졌다. 이 결과는 한국과 일본 양국에 있어서 같은 경향을 보였다. 이를 통해 노인의 총체적인 건강상태를 증진시키기 위해서는 임상적으로는 건강관련 라이프스타일을 중시한 개입을 할 필요성, 학문적으로는 건강관련 라이프스타일의 지속에 영향을 주는 요인에 대해서 검토 할 필요성이 시사되었다. This study aims to review the relation between health-related life styles and living functions of the elderly empirically through structural equation modeling and to find common factors between Korean and Japanese seniors. The survey was targeted at Korean and Japanese seniors over 65(503 Korean seniors and 494 Japanese seniors), and for statistical analysis, data on 282 Korean seniors and 201 Japanese seniors who answered to all categories, were employed. After setting up a research model supposing that health-related life styles would affect each of three elements(functional · structural integrity, activity and participation), the goodness-of-fit of the research model for data and the relation among variables were considered using structural equation modeling. This time, a casual model was verified in order to seek common points between Korean and Japanese elders. When the goodness-of-fit of the research model for data was tested, CFI and RMSEA of the model in Korea and Japan were respectively, 0.914 and 0.064, and 0.941 and 0.049, and thus both countries met statistical acceptable standards. Moreover, it was found that three elements(functional · structural integrity, activity and participation) which form heath conditions of the elderly in both countries, were related to each other, and people who constantly practice heath-related life styles, have good mental and physical functions and are highly active and frequently participate in many activities. These findings were commonly extracted from both Koreans and Japanese. In conclusion, they imply that clinically, an intervention to lay stress on health-related life styles and academically, a review on factors to affect the continuity of health-related life styles are needed in order to improve the general health conditions of the elderly.

노년기 삶에 대한 독거효과 분석 연구: 성향매칭분석을 통한 독거노인과 비독거노인 비교

강은나,이민홍 한국보건사회연구원 2018 保健社會硏究 Vol.38 No.4

The purpose of this study is to address whether the effect of living alone influences overall life among older adults living alone. The comparison of health status, health enhancement behaviors, social network, and quality of life by living arrangements were examined with the propensity score matching analysis method. The data obtained from the National Survey of Living Conditions and Welfare Needs in 2017 which were based on face-to-face interviews with people aged 65 and over (living alone group=2,362, non-living alone group=7,324). The results revealed that the older adults living alone in community, comparing with non-living alone groups of similar SES levels, were more likely to have poor mental health, high nutritional risk and smoking rate, and high exercise participation. The social network and quality of life in the living alone group were poorer than those of the older adults who live with spouses or their children, and the older adults living alone were more likely to think about suicide. Unexpectedly, the effects of living alone were not associated with physical or cognitive disability and network reduction in the sample. Based on the findings of this research, policy and practice strategies. are discussed. 본 연구는 1인가구가 노년기 보편적인 가구형태로 자리 잡고 있는 상황에서 노년기 부정적인 삶의 결과들이 혼자 생활함으로써 나타나는 결과인지 아니면 노화 또는 고령 등과 같이 노인들이 일반적으로 경험하는 것으로 독거(living alone)와는 무관하게 발생하는 것인지를 검증하고자 한다. 이를 위해 성향점수매칭방법(propensity score matching analysis)을 활용하여 독거노인 집단과 비독거노인 집단 간의 건강상태, 건강증진행동, 사회관계, 그리고 삶의 질의 차이를 분석하였다. 2017년 노인실태조사 자료를 활용하였으며, 만 65세 이상 노인 중 본인응답자, 장기요양등급 미인정자, 그리고 1년 이상 동일한 가구형태(독거, 비독거 가구)를 유지한 노인을 분석대상으로 하였다. 최종적으로 독거노인 2,362명(24.4%)과 비독거 노인 7,324명(75.6%)의 자료가 분석에 포함되었다. 분석 결과, 지역사회에서 혼자 생활하는 노인은 인구, 사회, 경제적 조건이 유사한 비독거노인에 비해 노인의 정신건강과 영양관리 수준이 열악하고, 흡연율이 높지만 운동참여율도 높은 것으로 나타났다. 사회관계와 삶의 질 영역에서는 노년기에 혼자 거주하는 노인은 혈연적 지지체계가 약하고, 삶의 만족수준이 낮고, 자살생각 경험이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 혼자 생활하는 것이 노년기의 신체적 기능상태나 인지적 기능상태를 악화시키거나, 사회참여 규모나 비혈연 지지체계를 축소시키지는 않는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과를 기반으로 독거노인에 대한 보다 객관적이고 효율적인 정책설정과 실천방안을 마련하기 위한 함의를 제시하였다.

노인의 건강과 의료비 간의 관계 - 운동과 주관적 건강의 매개효과를 중심으로 -

유진선,임지은,조시울,신혜리,박설우 한국스포츠사회학회 2017 한국스포츠사회학회지 Vol.30 No.3

본 연구는 노인의 건강상태에 따른 의료비 지출 금액이 운동을 통해 개인이 느끼는 주관 건강을 매개로 차이가 존재하는지 확인하는 것이 목적이다. 2014년 노인실태조사를 활용하여 만 65세 이상 10,451명 노인을 대상으로 회귀분석을 실시하여 노인의 만성질환상태에 따른 의료비 지출 금액이 운동과 주관적 건강이 영향이 미치는 효과를 검증하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 연구결과는 첫째, 만성질환이 많을수록, 운동을 하지 않는 노인일수록, 주관적 건강이 낮을수록 의료비 지출액이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 만성질환 수가 적을수록, 운동을 하는 노인일수록 주관적 건강이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 만성질환이 적을수록 운동에 참여하고, 운동을 할수록 주관적 건강이 증진되어 의료비 지출액이 감소하였다. 즉, 운동이 만성질환과 의료비 간의 관계에 대해 주관적 건강을 거쳐 영향을 주고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 분석한 노인의 건강상태에 따른 의료비 지출금액, 운동, 주관적 건강과의 관계는 장기적인 노인 건강 증진을 위해 운동을 통한 건강증진행위와 주관적 건강을 높일 수 있는 심리교육이 함께 필요함을 시사하고 있다. This study aims to investigate the difference of the medical costs influenced by the health status of the elderly, focusing on the mediating effects of personally perceiving health status through exercise. Regression analysis is conducted to the elderly who are over 65 years old using. ‘The Survey of Living Conditions and Welfare Needs of the Elderly(2014).’ The results of the study are as follows. First, medical costs appeared th be higher when one has more chronic diseases, exercises less or perceives one’s health lower. Secondly, the self-rated health of the elderly is found to be higher when one has less chronic diseases or does exercise. Thirdly, the elderly with less chronic diseases participate more in exercise. Exercise promotes th self-rated health and it reduces medical costs. It is revealed that exercise have an impact on the relationship between chronic disease and medical costs through self-rated health status is necessary for long-term health promotion of the elderly.

대구광역시 일부 초등학교교사들의 주관적인 구강보건실태

최성숙 ( Sung Suk Choi ),김재도 ( Jae Do Kim ),류혜겸 ( Hae Gyum Ryu ) 한국치위생학회 2009 한국치위생학회지 Vol.9 No.3

Objective: This study was performed in order to figure out Oral Health Actual Condition in Elementary School Teachers in Deagu area. This study was conducted from March through May 2008. Method: A total of three hundred and ten Elementary School Teachers were surveyed. The collected data were analyzed by Oral Health Actual Condition and cognition, Diet habit or living and one`s own intellect health state, Oral disease sign symptoms of percent and 2-test and One-way ANOVA test by using SPSS12.0 Program. Results: 1. The most of result Frequencies of tooth brushing per one day were 3 over 91.0% and Oral Examination, Oral Health Education need. 2. The result of oral disease sign and symptom were hypersensitivity due to cold food( 39.0%), halitosis(21.6%), gingival bleeding tendency(21.3), clicking sound on TMJ(18.7%), hypersensitivity due to tooth burshing(17.1%), easy crown fracture and to be fine(10.0%), pain on TMJ or limitation of mouth opening(7.1%). 3. The most of result age a group oral hygiene assistance article age 20 for interdental tooth brushing (46.4%), age 50 over not used interdental tooth brushing 38.5%. 4. The result of sign and symptom and snack following was statistically significant (P<0.05), health of own cognition and Oral health of own cognition was statistically significant (P<0.001). Conclusion: The study of understanded the Subjective Elementary School Teachers Oral Health Actual Condition and Promotion of Oral Health follow up Oral examination and Oral Health Education have to system groping.

도시거주 독거노인의 삶의 만족도와 경제상태와 건강상태, 독거기간과 고독감의 구조적 관계

이종운(Jong-Un Lee),이미애(Mi-Ae Lee) 한국국회학회 2024 한국과 세계 Vol.6 No.1

본 연구는 도시거주 독거노인의 경제상태, 건강상태, 독거기간이 삶의 만족도 관계에서 고독감의 매개효과를 검증하여 독거노인의 삶의 만족도를 증진하는데 필요한 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 이 연구의 자료수집은 2022년 7월 1일부터 8월 31일까지 D시에서 거주하는 독거노인 200명을 대상으로 미기재한 29부를 제외하고 유효한 총 171부의 설문지를 자료분석에 활용하였다. 분석결과, 첫째, 도시거주 독거노인의 경제상태는 삶의 만족도 관계에서 고독감이 부분매개효과를 보였다. 둘째, 도시거주 독거노인의 건강상태는 삶의 만족도 관계에서 고독감이 완전 매개효과를 보였다. 셋째, 도시거주 독거노인의 독거기간은 삶의 만족도 관계에서 고독감이 완전매개효과를 보였다. 이상의 분석결과는 도시거주 독거노인의 고독감을 감소시키고 삶의 만족도 향상을 위한 제언에 시사하는 바가 크다. This study attempted to provide basic data necessary to improve the life satisfaction of the elderly living alone by verifying the mediating effect of loneliness in the relationship between economic, health, and life satisfaction of the elderly living alone in the city. The data collection of this study was used for the analysis of a total of 171 copies, which were valid, except for 29 copies of the 200 elderly people living alone in D from July 1 to August 31, 2022. As a result of the analysis, first, the economic state of the elderly living alone in the city showed a partial mediation of loneliness in the satisfaction relationship of life. Second, the health of the elderly living alone in urban residence showed a complete mediated effect of loneliness in the satisfaction relationship of life. Third, the period of living alone in the city living alone was completely mediated in the relationship of life. The above analysis results are greatly suggested to the suggestion of the loneliness of the elderly living alone and to improve the satisfaction of life.

Living Conditions and Health Management of Kindergarteners and Preschoolers in Japan

Akira Maehashi 한국발육발달학회 2004 한국발육발달학회지 Vol.12 No.3

노인의 동거형태에 따른 자아존중감, 건강상태, 생활만족도에 관한 조사연구

황희원(Hee-won Hwang),박오장(Oh-Jang Park) 전남대학교 간호과학연구소 2007 Nursing and Health Issues(NHI) Vol.12 No.1

Ⅰ. 서 론 II. 연구 방법 Ⅲ 연구결과 Ⅴ. 논 의 Ⅵ. 결론 및 제언