DLP 방식 3D 프린팅을 활용한 패션 디자인 연구

이종석 ( Lee Jong Seok ),진성모 ( Jin Sung-mo ) 한국기초조형학회 2017 기초조형학연구 Vol.18 No.5

4차 산업 혁명의 핵심기술인 3D 프린팅은 의료, 자동차, 항공, 예술 등 분야를 막론한 다양한 산업에 활용되고 있다. 패션 산업에서도 3D 프린팅을 적용하고자하는 많은 연구가 진행되고 있지만 다른 산업에 비하여 패션업계의 3D 프린팅 활용은 매우 미비한 실정이다. 대표적인 원인은 대부분의 패션 디자이너 사용하는 FDM 프린터의 기술적 한계를 들 수 있다. FDM 방식의 프린터는 가격, 기술 측면에서 진입장벽이 낮기 때문에 패션 디자이너들이 많은 적용 시도를 하였으나 FDM 방식의 기술 특성상 표면조도, 압축 강도, 인장 강도 등 모든 면에서 제품 생산에 필요한 품질을 만족할 수 없기 때문이다. 이에 본 연구의 목적은 최근 3~4년간 많은 기술적 발전을 통하여 현실적인 하드웨어가격과 출력단가를 제안할 수 있는 DLP 방식의 프린터를 사용하여 3D 프린팅 패션디자인의 가능성을 제시하는데 있다. 이를 위하여 첫째, 다양한 출력물을 테스트 하여 DLP 방식과 FDM 방식의 장단점을 비교한 결과 FDM 방식에 비하여 DLP 방식이 출력속도, 표면 조도 등의 상품화 요건에 대한 비교 우위가 있음이 증명되었다. 둘째, 출력물 테스트 결과를 바탕으로 의상 4벌을 제작하여 실제적인 3D 프린팅 의복 제작 프로세스에 대한 구체적이고 실제적인 결과를 도출하였다. 작품_01, 02는 스콜레사이트 광석에서 영감을 받은 디자인을 전개하였다. 작품_03, 04는 니트 조직에서 영감을 받은 디자인을 전개하였다. 셋째, 완성된 작품의 모델 피팅을 진행하여 착용성 테스트를 진행하였다. 작품 제작 결과 작품의 조형성 측면에서 3D 프린팅 기법을 통한 새로운 형태의 의상이 가지는 형태적 독창성이 적절히 표현되었으며 본 연구의 목적인 DLP 방식의 프린터를 사용하여 실제적인 의상을 제작하여 3D패션 디자인의 새로운 가능성을 제안하였다. 다만 위의 분석 결과로 제시된 DLP 방식 프린팅의 기술적 한계인 출력물의 크기 제한과 출력물의 중량 증가에 대한 후속 연구가 필요할 것으로 본다. 3D printing which is a core technology of the 4th industrial revolution, is being used in various industries such as medical, automobile, aviation, and art. A lot of research is going on to apply 3D printing in the fashion industry. However, the use of 3D printing in the fashion industry is very poor compared to other industries. Typical causes are the technical limitations of FDM printers used by most fashion designers. FDM printers have low barriers to entry in terms of price and technology. Therefore, although fashion designers have tried many applications, the FDM method can not satisfy the quality required for product production in all aspects, such as surface roughness, compressive strength, and tensile strength. The purpose of this study is to propose the possibilities of 3D printing fashion design using DLP type printer which can propose reasonable price and output cost through technological development in recent 3~4 years. First, we tested various printouts to compare the advantages and disadvantages of DLP and FDM. Experimental results show that the DLP method has a comparative advantage over commercialization requirements such as output speed and surface roughness compared with FDM method. Secondly, based on the output test results, four outfits were made and the concrete results of the 3D printing apparel manufacturing process were derived. Works 01 and 02 have developed a design inspired by scolecite. Works03 and 04 developed a design inspired by knit organization. Third, the model fitting of the finished work was performed and the wearability test was conducted. This study is a study on 3D printing fashion design which adopts DLP method to overcome the technical limitation of FDM method and it draws concrete and actual research result through actual production of work. Through this, we propose realistic possibilities for 3D printing fashion design in the future and contribute to related research in the future.

DLP를 이용한 세라믹 레진용 3D 프린터 구현

이승목(Seung-Mok Lee),김영형(Young-Hyung Kim),임재권(Jae-Kwon Eem) 한국정보기술학회 2017 한국정보기술학회논문지 Vol.15 No.8

This paper shows an implementation of 3D printer using DLP projector and a method of printing for ceramic resin. Powdered resins are widely used for many purposes including 3D printing. In comparison to 3D desktop printer, the disadvantage is the prices of materials and 3D printer are expensive and the 3D printers support their specific materials for 3D printing. For development of powdered resin for 3D printing, we needs a 3D printer to manufacture prototypes for testing materials. Therefore we implements the 3D printer using general DLP projector, high accurate servo-controlled stage-platform and blade. For the performance evaluation of normal resin and ceramic resin, experiments are conducted on measurements of inner diameters and outer diameters of the shape of pipe with constant thickness and short length manufactured by the implemented 3D printer.

장신구 활용에 적합한 3D프린팅 방법론 비교 연구

장진희,고승근 한국융합학회 2020 한국융합학회논문지 Vol.11 No.2

Using the 3D printing method in the product manufacturing is a very innovative and useful technology. However, in the field of jewelry, it is a limited technology used only in a field of manufacturing process. To overcome this limitations in the jewelry production process, most popular and easy 3D printing method was selected, and the printing time and condition was limited. In this study, to find out the 3D printing method applicability to jewelry work manufacturing, the prototypes through casting and non-casting methods were completed and compared. As a result, the FDM printing method has a very positive advantage in terms of cost and time, but there is a disadvantage that the layered structure is not erased on the surface and the completeness of the surface forming is poor due to the residue of the filament generated during the printing process. The DLP printing method has the advantage that the surface treatment is even and completion is high, while the cost and time are inefficient. However, both printing methods were found to be suitable for the use of jewelry manufacturing, and if the efficient printing method was selected for the design of the jewelry in the future, better work research could be conducted. 3D프린팅의 활용은 매우 혁신적이면서 유용한 기술이다. 하지만 장신구 분야에서는 3D프린팅 기술은 제작방법의 한 분야로서 한정적 으로 사용되는 기술이다. 이러한 3D프린팅의 한계를 극복하기 위해 3D프린팅 출력방식 중 가장 대중적이며 조형활동에 적합한 출력방식을 선정하고 출력시간, 조건을 한정하여 장신구에 적용 가능성을 알아보기 위해 비주조과정과 주조과정 각각의 방법을 통해 시제품까지 완성하고 이를 비교해 보았다. 그 결과, FDM출력 방식은 비용과 시간적인 측명에서 매우 긍정적인 장점이 있지만 표면에 적층구조가 지워지지 않으며 출력과정시 발생되는 필라멘트의 잔여물로 인해 선 조형을 표면시 완성도가 떨어지는 단점이 있었다. DLP출력방식은 표면처리가 고르며 완성도가 높은 반면, 비용과 시간적인 측면에서 효율성이 떨어지는 단점이 있었다. 하지만 두 출력방법 모두 장신구 활용 가능하며 향후 디자인에 맞는 다양한 출력방법연구가 이루어져 장신구에 3D 작품연구가 활발히 수행되기를 바란다.

Quantitative Determination of 3D-Printing and Surface-Treatment Conditions for Direct-Printed Microfluidic Devices

남궁현,KABA ABDI MIRGISSA,오현규,전현진,윤정환,Haseul Lee,김도현 한국바이오칩학회 2022 BioChip Journal Vol.16 No.1

We report a quantitative and systematic method for determining 3D-printing and surface-treatment conditions that can help improve the optical quality of direct-printed microfluidic devices. Digital light processing (DLP)-stereolithography (SLA) printing was extensively studied in microfluidics owing to the rapid, one-step, cleanroom-free, maskless, and high-definition microfabrication of 3D-microfluidic devices. However, optical imaging or detection for bioassays in DLP-SLA-printed microfluidic devices are limited by the translucence of photopolymerized resins. Various approaches, including mechanical abrasions, chemical etching, polymer coatings, and printing on transparent glass/plastic slides, were proposed to address this limitation. However, the effects of these methods have not been analyzed quantitatively or systematically. For the first time, we propose quantitative and methodological determination of 3D-printing and surface-treatment conditions, based on optical-resolution analysis using USAF 1951 resolution test targets and a fluorescence microbead slide through 3D-printed coverslip chips. The key printing parameters (resin type, build orientation, layer thickness, and layer offset) and surfacetreatment parameters (grit number for sanding, polishing time with alumina slurry, and type of refractive-index-matching coatings) were determined in a step-wise manner. As a result, we achieved marked improvements in resolution (from 80.6 to 645.1 lp/mm) and contrast (from 3.30 to 27.63% for 645.1 lp/mm resolution). Furthermore, images of the fluorescence microbeads were qualitatively analyzed to evaluate the proposed 3D-printing and surface-treatment approach for fluorescence imaging applications. Finally, the proposed method was validated by fabricating an acoustic micromixer chip and fluorescently visualizing cavitation microstreaming that emanated from an oscillating bubble captured inside the chip. We expect that our approach for enhancing optical quality will be widely used in the rapid manufacturing of 3D-microfluidic chips for optical assays.

DLP 3D Printed Textile의 유연성 향상을 위한 모델링 디자인 및 염색성 평가

심연제,김현진,김혜림 한국의류학회 2022 한국의류학회지 Vol.46 No.3

3D printing has been considered a key technology, leading the fourth industrial revolution. However, 3D printed textile still has a lot of limitations to overcome before it can be adopted as a clothing material in terms of design, flexibility and dyeability. This study aims to provide modeling design for imparting the flexibility and post-dyeing process for 3D printed textiles. The modeling types were designed to test the flexibility of 3D printed textiles. The post-dyeing process was evaluated through dye absorption depending on the resin and modeling types, respectively. The results were as follows: two types of modeling (Modeling A and B) were designed with a ring structure to test the flexibility of the 3D printed textiles. The 3D printed textiles with ringbased structure Modeling A had flexibility regardless of the hardness of resin types. In the dyeability test, softening resin (S-Resin) and hardening resin (H-Resin) were found to have good dyeability with acid dye and direct dye, respectively. The condition of S-Resin with acid dye and H-Resin with direct dye was controlled by dye absorption rate.

전사방식 광조형 3차원 프린팅의 조형조건에 따른 이방성 고찰

장남훈(Nam-Hoon Chang),송성은(Sung-Eun Song),박근(Keun Park) 한국고분자학회 2018 폴리머 Vol.42 No.6

최근 3차원 프린팅 기술에 대한 많은 관심이 고조되고 있으며, 기존의 빠른 시제품 제작 용도에서 기능성 제품의 직접 제작으로 활용 범위를 넓히고 있다. 그러나 제품의 직접 제조에 활용되기 위해서는 적층 공정에 기반한 3차원 프린팅의 단점(낮은 형상정밀도, 긴 제작시간, 적층 방향으로의 기계적 물성 저하)을 극복해야 한다. 이중 적층 방향으로의 물성 저하는 제품의 이방성을 야기시키고, 결과적으로 3차원 프린팅으로 제작된 제품의 구조적 안전성을 적절히 예상하기 어렵게 만든다. 본 연구에서는 마스크 전사방식 광조형 프린터(DLP)로 각각 수평방향과 수직방향으로 제작한 조형물의 인장시험을 통해 기계적 물성을 고찰하고 조형조건에 따른 이방성의 차이를 비교하였다. 또한 실험결과의 분석을 통해 적절한 강도와 강성을 보장하면서도 등방성을 유지할 수 있는 조형조건을 획득하였다. Recently, 3D printing has obtained increasing attention, and extended its application from the traditional rapid prototyping to direct fabrication of functional parts. To be used as the direct fabrication process, however, 3D printing should overcome drawbacks due to its lamination process: low dimensional accuracy, long fabrication time and degeneration of mechanical properties along the lamination direction. This degeneration along the lamination direction results in anisotropic mechanical properties, which prevents appropriate prediction of structural safety of the 3D-printed parts. This study investigated mechanical properties of 3D-printed parts using a mask-projection type (digital light processing; DLP) 3D printer by comparing tensile test results for the specimens that were printed along horizontal and vertical directions. By analyzing experimental results, appropriate printing conditions could be obtained to satisfy high mechanical strength and stiffness as well as to maintain mechanical properties within isotropic range.

광개시제 함량과 노광 시간이 DLP기반 알루미나 3D 프린팅 공정에 미치는 영향

김경민,정현덕,한윤수,백수현,김영도,류성수,Kim, Kyung Min,Jeong, Hyeondeok,Han, Yoon Soo,Baek, Su-Hyun,Kim, Young Do,Ryu, Sung-Soo 한국분말야금학회 2019 한국분말재료학회지 (KPMI) Vol.26 No.4

In this study, a process is developed for 3D printing with alumina ($Al_2O_3$). First, a photocurable slurry made from nanoparticle $Al_2O_3$ powder is mixed with hexanediol diacrylate binder and phenylbis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide photoinitiator. The optimum solid content of $Al_2O_3$ is determined by measuring the rheological properties of the slurry. Then, green bodies of $Al_2O_3$ with different photoinitiator contents and UV exposure times are fabricated with a digital light processing (DLP) 3D printer. The dimensional accuracy of the printed $Al_2O_3$ green bodies and the number of defects are evaluated by carefully measuring the samples and imaging them with a scanning electron microscope. The optimum photoinitiator content and exposure time are 0.5 wt% and 0.8 s, respectively. These results show that $Al_2O_3$ products of various sizes and shapes can be fabricated by DLP 3D printing.

치과용 DLP 3D Printer 가공체의 주조성 관찰

송준부,박유진,최성민 대한치과기공학회 2019 대한치과기공학회지 Vol.41 No.4

Purpose: Recently, the production technology of dental prosthesis using 3D Printer workpeices has been developed. However, the lack of information on the work processes and casting techniques of materials for 3D printing casting is expected to require research. Therefore, in this study, we intend to cast a Dental DLP 3D Printer workpiece, which is being commercialized, to identify its appearance and internal clearance, and to observe its castability. Methods: Castability of the 3D Printer workpiece was evaluated. The specimen is prepared in a cylindrical shape and in a 1 mm thick coping shape. The control specimen is made of wax and the experimental specimen is made of resin using two types of 3D printers. After casting, the appearance of the casting body was observed and the internal clearance of the coping was measured. Results: RP1 and RP2, cylindrical specimens, were partially cast or fin. When coping-type specimens were measured before casting, the internal clearance of PE2 was more accurate than that of PC and PE1. When coping-type specimens were measured after casting, CE1 was the most accurate in occlusal clearance and CE2n was the most accurate in axial clearance. Conclusion: 1. Exterior observations of the casting body indicated casting defects and fins. 2. Internal clearance observations show that the occlusal clearance of the castings is larger after casting, and the axial clearance of the castings is smaller after casting. 3. It is judged that the RP2 specimen is more likely to be applied for casting than the RP1 specimen

Effect of gelatin on dimensional stability of silk fibroin hydrogel structures fabricated by digital light processing 3D printing

Hyunji Lee,Donghyeok Shin,Sungchul Shin,Jinho Hyun 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.89 No.-

This work describes development of a silkfibroin (SF)-based ink material for digital light processing 3Dprinting. Riboflavin initiates the crosslinking of SF molecules under irradiation with visible light to forman SF hydrogel through dityrosine bonding. Rapid formation of a β-sheet structure induces shrinkage ofSF hydrogels in phosphate-buffered saline solution at 37 C. Such shrinkage of SF hydrogel is effectivelyprevented by addition of gelatin to SF ink. As the ratio of gelatin in the composite ink is increased, thedensity of β-sheet structures is reduced, and structural deformation of the 3D SF/gelatin hydrogel isinhibited. Printability is critical in fabrication of 3D SF/gelatin composite hydrogel structures. Forevaluation of printing performance, the actual width of the hydrogel formed by 3D printing is comparedwith the designed width. The 3D printing of SF is performed by irradiating a series of features withdifferent shapes or sizes in a vertical manner.

Generic platform for colorimetric assay of melanocyte laden 3D hydrogel

곽호정,신성철,현진호 한국공업화학회 2020 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2020 No.-

A colorimetric assay for melanogenesis inhibition is demonstrated with polyethylene glycol tetraacrylate (PEG-4A) hydrogels embedding melanocyte cells. The cell-laden three-dimensional (3D) PEG-4A hydrogel structure can be prepared by digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing using the visible range of light for improving biocompatibility. The melanocytes in the PEG-4A hydrogel show high cellular compatibility and expressed melanin, which changes the color of the hydrogel to black. Inhibition of melanin expression is evaluated by injecting different concentrations of arbutin and kojic acid into the cell-laden hydrogel structure in a 3D-printed microfluidic chip. It is demonstrated that the tyrosinase inhibitors prevent color change of the hydrogel pad and it can be used for an alternative monitoring tool of skin responsiveness in the future.