지역창생을 위한 커뮤니티 아트

민주식 ( Joo Sik Min ) 한국동양예술학회 2013 동양예술 Vol.23 No.-

본 논문은 지역창생을 지향하는 ‘커뮤니티 아트’의 이념과 구조를 살펴보고, 그 주요 사례를 검토하면서, 특히 의료와 복지에 관련된 예술의 융합양상을 주목하는 가운데, 향후의 과제 등에 관해 생각해 보고자 하는 것이다. 커뮤니티 아트는 감상이나 취미로서 관여하는 예술과는 달리, ‘워크숍’이나 ‘아웃리치’라고 하는 움직임이 보여주듯이, 향수하는 사람 자신이 능동적인 활동을 수반하는 ‘참가형 예술’이다. 커뮤니티 아트는 예술가가 일반 사람들과 함께 협력하여 또는 그들을 지도하는 형태로, 예술을 매개로 하여, 커뮤니티가 안고 있는 과제의 해결이나 커뮤니티의 새로운 가치 창조를 지향하는 활동이다. 이 경우 예술표현은, 예술 활동에 의해 결과로 생성된 작품이나 표현뿐만 아니라 그 과정에서 예술가와 시민이 서로 얻을 수 있었던 것 전부라고 볼 수 있다. 이처럼 커뮤니티아트는 예술표현 그 자체가 목적이면서도, 또 예술표현을 수단으로 하여 거리와 마을의 활성화나 사회.환경 등과 관련된 여러 종류의 문제해결을 도모하고자 한다. 요컨대 예술이라고 하는 협동 활동에 의해 시민생활의 질적 향상을 목적으로 삼는 측면이 강하다. 그래서 예술표현에서의 ‘과정’과 ‘소통’을 중시한다. 이 새로운 예술형태의 흐름은 예술 그 자체의 개념을 다시 묻게 되고, 나아가 문화정책이나 지역의 미술관 및 공연장 같은 문화시설의 양태와 운영에 관한 의식을 바꾸어 가고 있다. 최근에는 의료와 복지 시설 현장에서의 예술의 역할에 대해 관심이 높아지고 있다. 그래서 지금까지의 ‘예술을 위한 예술’과는 상이한 새로운 타입의 예술을 생각하게 된다. 20세기 예술의 역사는 특정 감상자를 갖지 않는 예술을 위한 예술의 창작의 역사였지만, 여기에서 문제시되는 예술은 병원의 환자나 직원, 그리고 요양시설을 이용하는 고령자라고 하는 제한된 대상자를 위해서이고, 그들을 위해 의미 있는 것이지 않으면 안 된다는 것이다. 모더니즘 이후 예술은 지나친 자기표현으로 치달았고, 특히 아방가르드로 대표되는 20세기 예술은 급진적인 실험과 오로지 새로움의 추구에만 매달려왔다. 그 때문에 인간 공동체의 삶과 사회에 대한 융합이라는 역할에 상당 부분 소홀했던 것도 사실이다. 커뮤니티 아트는 공동체의 삶을 회복시키고 지역사회에 활기를 가져다준다고 하는 예술의 새로운 패러다임을 제시하고 있다. The purpose of this paper is to examine the idea and structure of community art which strives to activation of community through researching its main examples, and to consider its tasks of the future especially paying attention to the convergence aspect of arts and medical service or welfare. Community art is a participatory art which needs the active operations of beholder, as we know in the trend of workshop or outreach, contrary to the art simply for taste or appreciation. It aspires to create a new value of community or to solve the confronting issues of community, by means of art, with the collaboration of artist and inhabitants. The artistic expression means not only the objective outcome of artistic activity, namely the work of art, but also the whole things which were obtained from the beginning to the end for both artist and participator. Community art aims at the artistic expression itself, and further to contrive the various problem-solving such as village activation or social environmental problem. It strives to promote quality of life by cooperative working of art. It makes great account of process and communication. This new tendency of art makes us to ask the concept of art itself again and changes our consciousness of the cultural policy and the cultural facilities. Recently, the role of art in the hospital and welfare facilities becomes greater. It suggest a new type of art that is quite different from ``the art for art`` of the past. The art of twentieth century has not confined to specific appreciator. But this new art should be meaningful to the limited subjects such as patient, doctor and staffs of hospital, and the old of sanatorium. After modernism art ran up to self-expression exceedingly, and the avant-guard art clung to solely radical experiment and exclusive novelty. For this reason, the role of conjunction of art and human community has been neglected. Community art suggests a new paradigm of art to recover community life and to activate local community.

Community process and mechanisms influencing the adolescent and young adults’ risky sexual behavior: A systematic review

Sung-Heui Bae,Youngran Yang 한국간호과학회 2021 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10

Aim(s): The purpose of this review is to examine associations between community process and mechanisms and adolescent and young adults’ risky sexual behavior (RSB), in addition to the review of the concept and measurements of community process and mechanisms used in each study. Method(s): We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline in this review. A literature search was conducted in August 2020 for the following eight electronic bibliographic databases: Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of science, DataBase Periodical Information Academic, and Research Information Sharing Service. From 11,216 identified articles, 588 articles were found for the full-text screen. After applying inclusion criteria, 24 articles were included. Furthermore, we manually searched 2 eligible articles through inclusion criteria and added them to the reference list. In total, 26 articles were used in this review. Result(s): The community process and mechanisms include collective efficiency and social support, community safety, and community norm. Decent size of studies examined collective efficacy and social support (11 studies) and community safety (17 studies). The concept of collective efficacy encompasses collective efficacy and control, social cohesion, community involvement, sense of community, social trust, and community assets and resources. In term of the relationships with adolescent and young adult’s RSB, a majority of them were not significant. Community safety also showed inclusive relationships with adolescent and young adult’s RSB. Conclusion(s): Community process and mechanisms are intangible assets of community. In this review, we found that community process and mechanisms partially support the occurrence of adolescent and young adult’s RSB, although many of these relationships were not significant. This partially supported evidence presents the importance of community process and mechanism such as collective efficacy, community safety, and community norm to prevent the occurrence of adolescent and young adult’s RSB.

Research on Endogenous Design System Model for Building Collective Capability in Community Service Design - Based on Integrated Theories of Design -

Chen, Tao(천타오),Chang, Ju Young(장주영) 한국전시산업융합연구원 2020 한국과학예술융합학회 Vol.38 No.5

The theory of endogenous development model, proposed in the 1970s, aims to achieve sustainable development locally and reflect on the drawbacks of industrialization and urbanization. It focuses on cultivating local communities" internal development capabilities. However, when it comes to community service design, there is still inadequate research and studies on incorporating endogenous development model into collective capability of community. The purpose of the study is to establish an endogenous design system model based on endogenous development theory to facilitate community co-creation ability. This paper conducted under the context of improving collective capabilities in the community. Based on the literature review, it integrates endogenous development theory and design thinking to analyze the core framework and modules in community service design. This study first presented the concept of endogenous community service design to help clarify and analyze the purpose of endogenous community and the characteristics of endogenous community service design. Secondly, the structural analysis was conducted to study the role of design thinking in enhancing community co-creation capabilities. Furthermore, the endogenous meta-framework is put forward. Taking the three meta-capabilities in the design mode as the core structure, six design modules are developed in combination with design thinking, and the concrete design steps and methods are formed. Finally, the endogenous design system model is introduced to build the theoretical model from an overall perspective. This study, as the basic material for endogenous community service design research based on integrated theories of design, hopes to provide a framework and system model for promoting the endogenous community that is region-oriented and cultivates collective capabilities.

韓國 地域社會 矯正 戰略과 向後 課題 (지역사회의 感覺 假設)

양문승 한국교정학회 2003 矯正硏究 Vol.- No.21

In recent years community-based corrections can be expected to play a much greater role in the criminal justice. Community-based corrections seeks to keep criminals in the community by building ties to family, employment, and other normal sources of stability and success. At the heart of community penalty systems today are the myriad conditions attached to sentencing courts' probation orders, and to special purpose orders for community service, curfew and like. Of course, a sentencing court imposing conditions of probation or another community penalty may not believe or intend them to be subjectively or objectively punitive. The court may not be imposing a penalty in that sense at all. In the viewpoint such as those backgrounds, it is very important somewhat for 'community justice', 'public safety' and 'restorative justice' etc.. They have political value as well as substantive merit, which increasingly leads managers of community-based corrections agencies - and other criminal justice agencies and community structures - to try to operationalize and harmonize the ideas in their practice. Therefore I am concerned about the relationships between 'Element of a Sense of Community' and 'Community-Based Corrections'. A sense of community can be defined as "a feeling that members have of belonging, a feeling that members matter to one another and to the group, and a shared faith that members' needs will be met through their commitment to be together. McMillan and Chavis argued four elements of a sense of community, those are Membership, Influence, Integration and fulfillment of needs, and Shared emotional connection. This study is aimed to seek the meaningful connection between the theory of McMillan & Chavis and community-based corrections in Korea. I assume that the four factors having the greatest impact on community-based corrections in our country

커뮤니티 비즈니스 디자인 모델 구축에 관한 연구-서울시 낙후상권을 중심으로 -

이학진 ( Hakjin Lee ),최익서 ( Ikseo Choi ) 한국공간디자인학회 2018 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.13 No.5

(연구배경 및 목적) 서울시 도시 재생 사업이 진행되고 있는 가운데, 변화에 적합한 낙후된 상권에 대한 재정비를 갖추어야 할 시기이며, 상업 시설의 정비에 더 나아가 낙후 상권의 활성화 방안을 마련해야 한다. 우리 앞에 놓여있는 이러한 변화는 이제 정부만의 노력과 정책의 변화로 해결되는 문제가 아님을 모두가 인지하고, 서울시의 주인인 우리 시민들이 노력하고 정체성과 가치를 함께 찾아 나서야 한다. 이러한 정책 실현에는 정부의 투자와 커뮤니티의 관심과 노력이 동시에 이루어져야 함이 매우 중요한 부분이다. 본 연구를 통해 앞서 말한 문제점과 방향성을 해결하기 위해 공동체적 접근 방식으로 지속가능한 관계를 찾고, 커뮤니티비즈니스 디자인 모델을 제시해 서울시 낙후상권 활성화를 위한 프로그램 구축할 예정이다. (연구방법) 본 연구 목적은 커뮤니티 비즈니스 디자인 프로그램 CBDP(Community business design program)을 제시하고 서울시 낙후상권을 모델에 적용하는 데 있다. 이론 연구를 통한 개념 이해를 바탕으로 커뮤니티 비즈니스 프로그램 구성 축을 형성하고, 서울시 낙후상권 중 선정기준에 맞는 대상지 3곳을 (종로의 귀금속상가, 인쇄소 상가거리, 광장시장 한복거리) 선정해, CBDP을 바탕으로 분석하여 커뮤니티 비즈니스 디자인 모델 CBDM(Community Business Design Model)을 통한 구체적인 프로세스를 내놓는다. (결과) CBDM의 커뮤니티스쿨은 지역 주체와 함께 문화·예술적 방법론연구개발을, 커뮤니티 디자인은 사회문화적 정체성을 통해 브랜딩을 현실화하고, 커뮤니티 비즈니스는 생산방식을 보존하고 교류시키는 공동체적 역할을 한다. 커뮤니티 스쿨, 커뮤니티 디자인, 커뮤니티 비즈니스의 단계로 순환 가능한 체계로서 반복되는 선순환구조를 이룬다. 이 순환구조를 통해 커뮤니티는 산업생산·문화생산 공동체로 조직화되며 지속가능한 비즈니스 모델이 된다. (결론) 본 연구에서는 지역 공동체의 정체성 유지를 위한 생산가치와 상징가치를 함께 재생하고 보존하기 위한 공유재로서 커뮤니티 비즈니스 모델을 매개한다. 그리고 도시 낙후산업의 재화 가치를 공동체의 문화가치로 전환하는 커뮤니티비지니스 모델로서 로컬산업 경쟁력과 더불어 문화적 경쟁력을 확보하는 중요 수단이 된다. 커뮤니티디자인과 커뮤니티비지니스 이 둘의 상호작용은 디자인 통합이 중요한 축이 되어 관계를 아우르고 연결하는 순환역할을 한다. 결과로 실제 공간에 입혀지는 과정에서 커뮤니티 디자인이 실천되며, 기존 ‘생활세계’를 바탕으로 ‘지속가능한 체계’를 확보하는 계기가 마련된다. 커뮤니티 자원을 문화적으로 재정립하고 유통하는 공동체경영 활동으로 지속가능한 커뮤니티 비즈니스 디자인 모델이 실천될 수 있다. (Background and Purpose) As regeneration business of Seoul City progress and it is time to reorganize fallen out business suitable for considerable change. More than simply organizing business facilities, a revitalization plan of failed business areas should be prepared. These changes cannot be solved only by the government’s effort or policy; rather, citizens need to recognize the value of the city through its identity. For policy to be realized, it is important for both the government’s investment and community’s interest to work together. This study examined the method of sustainable relationship with the community to propose solutions to the problems and directivity mentioned above, thereby proposing a community business design model (CBDM) that will lead to a revitalization of Seoul’s program for failed business areas. (Method) This study aimed to provide a Community Business Design Program (CBDP) and apply it to Seoul’s failed business areas. The contents of CBDP were established based on concept understanding after theoretical research. After selecting three sites matching the selection criteria within Seoul’s failed business areas (a jewelry store, a print store street, and Hanbok street in Joongno) and analyzing those areas based on CBDP, the study provided the detailed process for CBDM. (Results) The community school of CBDM conducts the research and develops methodology in the culture and arts; community design of CBDM actualizes branding through social/cultural identity; and community business acts as a community by preserving the methods of production and exchange. In the order of community school, community design, and community business, the system is available for circulation and can form a virtuous cycle structure. The cycle enables a community to be systematized as an industrial/cultural production community and becomes a sustainable business model. (Conclusions) In this research, the community business model is mediated as a common resource for regenerating and preserving production and symbolic values for maintaining the identity of a local community. As the community business model converts the financial value of a failed city industry into the cultural value of a community, it becomes a crucial method of ensuring the competitiveness of a local industry as well as cultural competitiveness. Design correlation has a significant circulating role in the interaction between community design and community business by putting them and together. As such, community design may be practiced in real-world space application; consequently, a sustainable system based on existing “real life” is provided. Sustainable CBDM can be practiced through community management activities that rearrange and redistribute community resources with an eye on the cultural aspect.

고흥군 무인도서의 식생과 식생보전가치등급

김하송 ( Kim Ha-song ),조영준 ( Cho Young-jun ),조어진 ( Cho Eo-jin ),박정원 ( Park Jung-won ),명현호 ( Myeong Hyeon-ho ),오장근 ( Oh Jang-geun ) 한국도서(섬)학회 2018 韓國島嶼硏究 Vol.30 No.1

2017년 4월부터 10월까지 전라남도 고흥군 무명도, 계도, 감낭여, 작은발도, 안목섬, 형제도, 소취도, 대취도, 독도, 준도, 부아도, 고래섬, 바래도, 무학도 등의 주요 무인도서를 중심으로 현지답사를 통하여 식생조사를 실시하였다. 본 조사지역에서 나타난 주요 식물군락은 상록활엽수림 식생인 구실잣밤나무군락, 구실잣밤나무-소나무군락, 구실잣밤나무-후박나무군락, 후박나무군락, 후박나무-까마귀쪽나무군락, 후박나무-동백나무군락, 후박나무-참식나무군락, 참식나무군락, 우묵사스레피-돈나무군락, 낙엽활엽수림 식생인 굴참나무군락, 굴참나무-소나무군락, 굴참나무-소사나무군락, 굴피나무군락, 소사나무군락, 예덕나무군락, 상동나무 군락, 조팝나무-예덕나무군락, 조팝나무-사스레피나무군락, 상록침엽수림 식생인 곰솔군락, 곰솔-굴참나무군락, 곰솔-굴피나무군락, 곰솔-사스레피나무군락, 소나무군락, 조림 식생인 왕대군락, 리기다소나무군락, 솜대군락, 사방오리나무군락, 초지 식생인 이대군락, 칡군락 ,칡-억새군락 등이 나타났으며, 각 군락의 식생분석과 우점군락을 기술하였고, 식생의 상관, 주요 식생형, 식생평가에 따라 각 조사지점별 현존식생도를 제작하였다. 이들 군락 중에서 무학도는 후박나무-동백나무군락, 후박나무-참식나무군락, 구실잣밤나무-후박나무군락, 부아도는 섬의 정상 능선을 중심으로 북사면의 후박나무군락, 후박나무-까마귀쪽나무군락, 준도는 구실잣밤나무군락, 참식나무군락, 대취도는 구실잣밤나무군락, 소취도는 구실잣밤나무군락, 구실잣밤나무-소나무군락, 바래도는 구실잣밤나무군락, 우묵사스레피나무-돈나무군락 등은 상록활엽수 2차림으로 발달하고 있었으며, 식생보전등급 Ⅱ등급으로서 안정된 상록활엽수림 식생이 나타났다. 조사지역의 무인도 생태자연도 등급 평가 기준에 따라 Ⅰ등급 지역은 소취도, 대취도, 준도, 부아도, 고래섬, 바래도, 무학도이며, Ⅱ등급 지역은 무명도, 계도, 감낭여, 작은발섬, 안목섬, 형제도 이며, Ⅲ등급지역은 독도 등으로 나타났다. 또한 조사지역의 무인도서중에서 식생분야의 특정도서로서 지정이 가능한 도서는 소취도, 대취도, 준도, 부아도, 바래도, 무학도 등으로 생각된다. 이들 도서는 남해안의 지리적 특성을 갖는 식생대가 형성되어 있고 그 보존가치가 높은 무인도서로 생각된다. This research was carried out from May to October 2017 to examine the conservation values assessment class and vegetation of uninhabited islets on the Goheung-gun, Jeollanam-do, Korea. The physiognomic classification divided the area into the following 5 types: the deciduous broad-leaved forests, evergreen coniferous forests, evergreen broad-leaved forests, afforestationand herb vegetation. According to the resultsof this classification using the Braun-Branquet method, plant communities can be categorized into thirty different communities, such as the Castanopsis cuspidata var. sievoldii community, Castanopsis cuspidata var. sievoldii-Pinus densiflora community, Castanopsis cuspidata var. sievoldii-Machilus thunbergii community, Machilus thunbergii community, Machilus thunbergii-Litsea japonica community, Machilus thunbergii-Camellia joponica community, Machilus thunbergii-Neolitsea sericea community, Neolitsea sericea community, Eurya emarginata-Pittoporum tobira community, Quercus variabilis community, Quercus variabilis-Pinus densiflora community, Quercus variabilis-Carpinus turczaninowii community, Platycarya strobilacea community, Carpinus turczaninowii community, Mallotus japonicus community, Sageretia theezans community, Celtis sinensis-Mallotus japonicus community, Spiraea prunifolia var. simpliciflora-Eurya japonica community, Pinus thunbergii community, Pinus thunbergii-Quercus variabilis community, Pinus thunbergii -Platycarya strobilacea community, Pinus thunbergii-Eurya japonica community, Pinus densiflora community, Phyllostachys bambusoides community, Pinus rigida community, Phyllostachys nigra var. henonis community, Alnus firma community, Pseudosasa japonica community, Pueraria lobata community, and Pueraria lobata-Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens community. The grade Ⅰarea in uninhabited island ecological nature states of the survey region is Sochwido, Daechwido, Jundo, Buado, Goraeseom, Baraeseom, and Muhagdo.The grade Ⅱ area is Mumyeongdo, Gyedo, Gamnangyeo, Jageunbalseom, Anmogseom, and Hyeongjedo. The grade Ⅲ area is Dokdo. The following islands were designated as islands of vegetation areas: Sochido, Daechido, Jundo, Buado, Baraedo and Muhagdo. These islands are formed with specific geographical characteristics of the south coast and their conservation value is high to be uninhabited island.

Perspective on Forest Conservation: A Case Study of Community at Gana Resettlement and Integrated Development Project (GRID), Sabah, Malaysia

Yahya, Hardawati,Idrus, Roszehan Mohd.,Talib, Hamimah,Fong, Eunice Institute of Forest Science 2012 Journal of Forest Science Vol.28 No.3

This study was carried out in Gana Resettlement and Integrated Development (GRID) Project as a pioneer model for Community-Based Forest Management (CBFM) in Sabah, Malaysia. The GRID project is developed to improve community livelihood as well as to promote community involvement in CBFM and at the same time to lessen community encroachment and traditional farming practices inside the forest conservation area. The objectives of this study are: (i) to identify the dependency of local community on forest resources; (ii) to examine local community's roles in conserving forest resources and, (iii) to analyze their views on GRID project in conserving forest. Interviews were conducted with randomly selected 130 households at the GRID project using semi structured questionnaires comprising closed and open-ended questions. The study reveals that community dependency on forest resources have lessened after the resettlement of the GRID project. The community shows positive perspective on their contribution for conserving the forest resources. However, the community's willingness to contribute as well as their real contribution can be further improved. The study recommends the government to create more effective training and relevant activities to improve the livelihood of community as well as to increase their positive perception on forest conservation efforts. Further research to strengthen the relationship between local community and forest governance through forest conservation is also recommended.

지역공동체에 기반한 공공미술 -영국 텔레비전 채널 4방송의 빅 아트 프로젝트를 중심으로

강지선 ( Chi Son Kang ) 한국기초조형학회 2014 기초조형학연구 Vol.15 No.4

이 논문은 공동체의 개념을 중심으로 지역공동체에 기반한 공공미술에 대한 비판적 접근을 목적으로한다. 2000년대 히우 한국에서는 지역공동체의 참여화 협업을 권장하는 ``새로운 장르 공공미술`` 유형이 널리 실험되어 왔다. 그러나 이 새로운 유형의 공공미술 모델에 대한 비판적이해가 결여된 채 정부 혹은 미술 기관들에 빠르게 모방되고 있는 현상은 논란의 여지가 있다. 본고는 이러한 문제점을 인식하고 지역공동체에 기반한 공공미술에 대한 비판적 이해의 중심에 공동체의 개념을 끌어들이고자 한다. 공동체의 개념에 대한 이론적 검토로서 수잔 레이시의 ``새로운 장르 공공미술\과 장 뤽 낭시의 공동체에 관한 사유를 살펴본다. 그리고 지역공동체에 기반한 공공미술의 사례로서 영국에서 2005년부터 새행되었던 채널 4방송의 ``빅 아트 프로젝트(Big Art Project)``를 분석하여 공동체에 대한 논의가 위의 예를 통혜 어떻게 나타나는지를 검토한다. 결론적으로 ``새로운 장르 공공미술`` 모델은 협업의 과정을 통해 통합적이고 이상화된 공동체의 개염을 구축하면서 공동체 내부의 차이와 다양성을 억압할 수 있다는 문제점을 야기할 수 있다. 낭시의 공동체에 대한 사유는 동합적이고 완결된 공동체의 불가능성과 동시에 어떠한 목적도 아닌 나눔 그 자체에 근거한 ``우리``의 가능성을 보여준다는 측면에서 공동체에 대해 새롭게 접근할 수 있게 한다. 그의 철학은 지역공동체에 기반한 공공미술의 정체성에 대한 물음을 통해 이 미술의 과제와 기획의 새로운 이해에도 기여할 수 있다는 측면에서 본 연구에서 낭시가 제시하는 철학적 함의를 발견할 수 있다. This study aims to critically approach to community-based public art, focusing on the concept of community. Since the 2000s, Korea has widely performed experiments with a new type of pubic art as "New Genre Public Art," which enocourages participation and collaboration with the community. However, governments and art organizations have rapidly imtated this new type of public art, without a critical understanding of it. Beooming aware of such trend can cause controversies, this paper tries to incorporate the theme of community into the criticism of community-based public art. ln order to theoretically examine the concept of community, this paper intrcduces Susan Lacy`s ``New Genre Public Art``and jean-Luc Nancy`s philosophical thought on community. This paper, then, analyzes how the discussions of the concept of community have evolved in Channel 4`s ``Big Art Project`` in England which began in 2005. Consequently, ``New Genre Public Art`` constructs a unified and idealized concept of community through it`s process of collaboration. Therefore, we can beoome sensitized to the danger of the suppression of the differences and diversity wihin community. Jean-Luc Nancy`s thought on community, suggesting not only the impossibility of unified and complete community but also the possibility of ``webased on partage itself may provide new possibilties for critically approachng community-based public art. Enoouraging to question the very identity of the community-based public art, Nancy`s philosophical investigation also helps us to frthink the opssibilities and challenges that the community-based public art may be facing now. ln this respect, we can unoover the philosophical implications that Nancy can offer this study.

Territorial community and urban community movement in apartment complex

Seok Hoi Yim 국토지리학회 2004 국토지리학회지 Vol.38 No.1

This article explores the theoretical and practical matters of urban community movement in apartmentcomplex. The decline of community - especially, territorial community - is one of serious problems in urbanized moderncommunication and cybercommunities such as Internet cafes do not authentically restore our lost community. Theformation of community in residential space is required to restore the lost community. Apartment complexes are the mostimportant residential space in metropolis. Urban community movements in apartment complexes, that is to say, apartmentcommunity movement keeps away from the ideal type of community. It lies between the compensatory communitymovement for the collective right of residents and the normative community movement for realizing the ideal ofcommunity. However, we can find a clue of changing the desolate urban neighborhoods in the trend of apartmentcommunity movement.

A Study on People’s Recognition of the Effect of Community POLICING on Crime Prevention in KOREA: Focusing on Sociodemographic Characteristics

Kim Ja eun J-INSTITUTE 2017 Regulations Vol.2 No.2

The quantitative and qualitative changes in crime have required the appearance of new forms of police activ-ities. Community policing appeared to meet these requirements and has been introduced in many countries around the world including USA, UK and Japan and is now in use. Community policing has also been introduced here in Korea. The police in Korea have accepted it as the new paradigm for the police to prevent crime in local communities. This study is designed to find out people’s recognition of the effect of community policing on crime prevention, which is its ultimate goal and analyze the difference in people’s recognition of its effect on crime prevention from the sociodemographic perspective in order to provide the police with basic data for improvement in their com-munity policing. For the achievement of the purposes of this study, the factors such as ‘reduction in the fear of crime’, ‘reduc-tion in crime occurrence’ and ‘reduction in disorder in the local community’ were selected to measure people’s recognition of its crime prevention effect. The research using questionnaires was conducted from Nov. 20, 2013 to Dec. 31, 2013 and administered to 303 people. The SPSS 21.0 program was used as the statistical analysis tool and the t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were conducted. The analysis results show that the average points in the factors of reduction in the fear of crime, reduction in crime occurrence and reduction in disorder in the local community were all below 3 points, thus indicating that people do not recognize the positive effect of community policing on crime prevention. For checking the difference in citizen’s recognition depending on the sociodemographic factors, the people’s recognition of the effect of community policing on crime prevention has been researched depending on 5 factors such as the sex, age, urban residential area, period of residence and job. It was found in this research that the job factor (1) makes a significant difference on the recognition of the reduction in the fear of crime, the job factor (1) makes a significant difference on the recognition of the reduction in crime occurrence and the three factors (3) such as job, form of urban residence and period of residence make a significant difference on the recognition of the reduction in disorder in the local community. Company workers showed higher level of recognition in all respects such as the reduction in the fear of crime, reduction in crime occurrence and the reduction in disorder in the local community than those in technology and production fields. In addition, those who live in the residential area showed higher level of recognition of the reduction in disorder in the local community than those living in industrial areas and others. In terms of period of residence, those who lived for at least 1 year but less than 3 years and those for 9 years or above showed higher recognition of the reduction in disorder in the local community than those who lived for at least 6 years but less than 9 years did. These analysis results indicate that there is a need for a more diversified community policing in consideration of the people’s characteristics in terms of their job, urban residential area and period of residence and there should also be a continuous effort for change in community policing through the periodic evaluation of commu-nity policing to improve people’s positive recognition toward community policing.