2022 개정 초등학교 교육과정에서의 안전교육 반영 양상 분석

강지영,류영휘,장연우,허예지 인하대학교 교육연구소 2023 교육문화연구 Vol.29 No.4

This study aims to investigate how to strengthen safety education in elementary schools by examining its integration in the revised 2022 national curriculum. Content analysis of the revised national curriculum document reveals that the updated general guidelines now include statements that solidify the support for safety education within the school system. Additionally, the revised general guideline places emphasis on experience-based safety education and the integration of safety education with subject areas and Creative Experiential Activities. Notably, the revised curriculum presents Creative Experiential Activities as "guidelines" for teachers to follow or as an "example" to refer to, rather than establishing them as an independent "area" as in the 2015 revised national curriculum. There has been a reduction in the number of "achievement standards" directly addressing safety-related content across most subject areas, while safety-related content is presented as the "context" or the "ways" for teachers to incorporate standards into their curriculum. Furthermore, the revised curriculum highlights safety education during experiments, practical activities, and in overcrowded areas as essential aspects of teaching and learning. Additionally, safety and health are newly included as learning content. The findings indicate that the incorporation of safety education into the curriculum has become more diverse. However, caution is needed to prevent a decline in safety education within schools as a result of the reduction of achievement standards. The study proposes policy recommendations to reinforce and validate safety education in elementary schools

산업위생 분야 종사자들의 사회 안전의식변화에 관한 조사

임대성 ( Dae Sung Lim ),이승길 ( Seung Kil Lee ) 한국산업보건학회 (구 한국산업위생학회) 2020 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.30 No.4

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate perceptions of safety and risk among Korean industrial hygienists and the change between before and after the Sewol Ferry Disaster in 2014. Two surveys with questionnaires composed of 51 questions were completed by attendees of the Korea Industrial Hygiene Association(KIHA) conference. Methods: One was conducted at the 2013 KIHA Fall Conference(N=181) and the other was from the 2014 KIHA Summer Conference(N=123). Between these two surveys was the Sewol Ferry Disaster on April 14, 2014, which was believed to seriously affect safety and risk perceptions in Korea. Results: It was revealed that industrial hygienists’ awareness of safety rules strengthened after the Sewol Ferry Disaster(p<0.05). It was apparent that people over the age of 30 were more sensitive to social safety. There was no significant difference in the evaluation and attitude regarding governmental safety policy between the years of 2013 and 2014. The credibility of public organizations responsible for the disaster management system decreased. The self-evaluation of respondents’ safety level also decreased. This trend shows mainly in the younger generation. It was evaluated that the overall social safety level decreased and the anxiety level increased. The score on social safety on a ±5 Likert scale was 0.68 in the 2013 survey and -0.33 in the 2014 survey(p< 0.05). It was reported that the most serious threat factors for accident or disaster were ‘building collapse > illegalities and corruption > side effects of radiation therapy >accidents in normal activity > occupational disease,’ in order. They picked ‘safety ignorance > hurry-up habits and culture > focusing on short-term benefit > easy-going attitude > insufficient safety education’ for the causes of low social safety levels in 2013. In 2014, they were ‘safety ignorance > easy-going attitude > focusing on short-term benefit > insufficient safety education > hurry-up habits and culture’. Conclusions: This study has some limitations because it was originally not designed to survey attitudes prior to the Sewol Ferry disaster in 2013. In addition, the survey targets are industrial hygienists who are familiar with occupational disease and injury.

A Study on the Revitalization Method of National Carrier(Low cost carrier) Safety Management System

Kyung-Chang Min,Ho-Won Hwang 한국유통과학회 2018 The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business( Vol.9 No.6

Purpose - In this study, the safety related tasks for low cost carriers’ were examined and measures to improve them were suggested. As the air demand increases rapidly, number of passenger has mushroomed in Korea and in order to keep with the demand low cost carriers have played a role. However, low cost carriers’ safety related tasks are not reliable level so far. Thus, in this study, the low cost carriers’ current situations in terms of safety are investigated, especially regarding how well the ICAO’s new safety policies are applied. Research design, data, and methodology - The results of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transportation’ investigation are introduced and field study results are analysed. Current status of retaining experts, staffs, administrators in terms of aviation safety tasks of low cost carriers is compared to those of major airliner and low cost carriers’ aviation safety culture is also analyzed by examining the systems and questioning staffs. Especially the culture regarding aviation safety is very important because the culture surrounding the safety tasks plays a major role in every respect of conducting the tasks. Results – Overall the current status of low cost carriers’ aviation safety tasks is below standard. Especially retaining experts and staffs is basically below the required level. Also, system and organization to conduct safety tasks are not satisfactory. In particular, aviation safety culture is not settled to operate appropriately. Conclusions - The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and member states are continuing to launch new safety policies in response to the surging demand for air travel worldwide. The most urgent and important issue among the various safety policies is to reduce air accidents. In order to reduce the number of accidents, ICAO decided to reduce the number of accidents by using the Reactive Safety Management. ICAO has to ensure that each member country can implement proactive safety management for aviation safety. A safety management system (Safety Management System) is a system in which each member state implements a fulfillment standard. The current situation and problems of the safety management system for each airline are suggested and proposed for improvements.

건설업체의 정성적‧정량적 안전경영활동과 근로자의 안전의식이 안전행동에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구: 조직신뢰의 매개 효과를 중심으로

오수언,허철무 한국벤처창업학회 2015 벤처창업연구 Vol.10 No.6

This study is to test the influence of safety management activities and employees' safety awareness on safety behavior in the construction company following the atmosphere of a safety-driven society. Recently, the perspective of many individuals and companies for safety management is changing and the recognition is spreading that physical and conscious investment on the safety of industrial sites are not an useless cost but the vital element to enhance the corporate competitiveness. CEOs have an emphasis on the safety management in their workplace as a top priority. For this study, the data were collected and analyzed from 300 employees of industrial sites. Firstly, the results showed that safety management activities and employees' safety awareness had a positive impact on organizational trust. Secondly, the organizational trust had a positive impact on safety behavior. Thirdly, safety management activities and employees' safety awareness had a positive impact on safety behavior. And also found out the organizational trust had the mediating role between safety management activities and safety behavior, and between employees' safety awareness and safety behavior. The results of this study suggested that safety management activities and employees' safety awareness in the construction companies are very important factors influencing on the safety behavior, and the investment for the safety of the construction company should be continued. 본 연구는 최근 안전을 중시하는 사회적 분위기 속에서 건설업체의 안전경영활동과 조직구성원의 안전의식이 실질적으로 안전행동에 미치는 영향에 대하여 연구하였다. '안전경영'에 대한 개인과 기업들의 인식이 바뀌고 있다. 산업현장에서 안전에 대한 물질적, 의식적 투자가무의미한 비용이 아니라, 기업 경쟁력을 높이는데 꼭 필요한 요소라는 인식이 확산되고 있다. 최고경영자들은 일선 현장을 찾아 경영의 최우선 가치로 안전경영을 내세우고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 산업현장의 근로자들로부터 받은 설문지 300부를 분석하였다. 분석결과 첫째, 기업(건설업체)의 안전경영활동, 근로자의 안전의식은 조직신뢰에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 조직신뢰가 근로자의 안전행동에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 기업(건설업체)의 안전경영활동, 근로자의 안전의식은 안전행동에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 기업(건설업체)의 안전경영활동과 안전행동, 근로자의 안적의식과 안전행동에 조직신뢰의 매개효과가 나타났다. 이와 같은 연구결과를 보면 기업(건설업체)의 안전경영활동과 개인의 안적의식이 안전행동 간에 영향을 미치는 것이 확실하므로 기업(건설업체)의 안전에 대한 투자 등의 경영활동을 지속적으로 이어나가야 한다.

The Influence of Safety Climate, Safety Leadership, Workload, and Accident Experiences on Risk Perception: A Study of Korean Manufacturing Workers

Oah, Shezeen,Na, Rudia,Moon, Kwangsu Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2018 Safety and health at work Vol.9 No.4

Background: The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of workers' perceived workload, accident experiences, supervisors' safety leadership, and an organization's safety climate on the cognitive and emotional risk perception. Methods: Six hundred and twenty employees in a variety of manufacturing organizations were asked to complete to a questionnaire. Among them, a total of 376 employees provided valid data for analysis. To test the hypothesis, correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis were used. Statistical analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS program, version 23. Results: The results indicated that workload and accident experiences have a positive influence and safety leadership and safety climate have a negative influence on the cognitive and emotional risk perception. Workload, safety leadership, and the safety climate influence perceived risk more than accident experience, especially for the emotional risk perception. Conclusion: These results indicated that multilevel factors (organization, group, and individual) play a critical role in predicting individual risk perceptions. Based on these results, therefore, to reduce risk perception related with unsafe behaviors and accidents, organizations need to conduct a variety of safety programs that enhance their safety climate beyond simple safety-related education and training. Simultaneously, it needs to seek ways to promote supervisors' safety leadership behaviors (e.g., site visits, feedback, safety communication, etc.). In addition, it is necessary to adjust work speed and amount and allocate task considering employees' skill and ability to reduce the workload for reducing risk perception.

청소년 안전사고 대응역량 개발 및 진단도구 타당화

성은모,서동인 미래를 여는 청소년학회 2017 미래청소년학회지 Vol.14 No.4

Safety accidents can happen to anyone, anytime, anywhere. Thus, the ability for youths to prevent and respond to safety accidents is becoming an essential competence in their lives. The purposes of this study were to identify concept and indicator or youth safety competency(YSC) and to validate measurement tools for youth safety competency(YSC) as youth safety competency questionnaires(YSCQ). To address those goals, 6 youth activity specialists and 3 competency modeling experts were participated in this study to develop concept and indicator for youth safety competency(YSC) based on the literature review. Also, 401 youths were participated in the study to validate the YSCQ by survey. As results, the 4 competencies and 9 sub-competencies were developed and validated 42 items for YSCQ; Safety knowledge (knowledge for accident situation, procedural knowledge to use of safety tools) was 8 items, safety-oriented value(information gathering for accident factor, risk-sensitive about accident, recognition of importance on safety) was 12 items, psychology control ability(situational optimism, norms compliance) was 10 items, Accident-solving ability(situational judgment, accidents response ability) was 12 items. The results of this study are expected to contribute to enhance the systematicity of youth safety education such as establishment of strategy and support plan for youth safety education, development of youth safety education model. 안전사고는 언제, 어디서, 누구에게나 발생할 수 있기에 청소년들이 안전사고를 예방하고 대처할 수 있는 능력이 그들의 삶에 있어 필수적인 역량으로 부각되고 있다. 본 연구는 청소년의 안전사고에 대해 대응할 수 있는 역량이 무엇인지 그 개념과 지표들을 규명하고, 이를 진단 할 수 있는 도구를 개발하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 관련 선행연구를 분석하여 역량모델링을 위한 개념과 지표를 도출하고 이에 부합하는 진단 문항을 개발하여 청소년활동 전문가 6명과 역량모델링 전문가 3명에게 타당화 과정을 거쳤다. 이 후 초ㆍ중ㆍ고등학생 401명을 설문 조사하여 청소년 안전사고 대응역량에 대해 탐색적 요인분석, 신뢰도 분석, 확인적 요인분석 등의 통계 방법으로 검증하였다. 연구결과, 청소년 안전사고 대응역량은 안전사고 대응 지식 역량군 8문항 (안전사고 상황지식, 안전사고 도구 활용 지식), 안전사고 대응가치지향 역량군 12문항 (안전사고 정보 수집력, 안전사고 위험 민감성, 안전 중요성 인식), 안전사고 대응 심리 역량군 10문항 (상황 낙관성, 규범 준수성), 그리고 안전사고 대응 문제해결 역량군 12문항 (상황 판단력, 문제 대응력) 등과 같이 4개의 역량군과 9개의 역량이 도출되었으며, 42개의 청소년 안전사고 대응역량 문항이 도출되었다. 본 연구결과는 향후 청소년 안전교육에 대한 전략 수립 및 지원방안 마련, 청소년 안전교육 모델 개발 등 청소년 안전교육의 체계성을 높이는 데 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

철도산업에서 Safety culture가 Safety에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

허은미(Eun Mee Heo),김사길(Sa Kil Kim),변승남(Seong Nam Byun) 한국철도학회 2007 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.- No.-

The purpose of this study is to analyze human safety culture of the railway driver in domestic railway industry. This study proposes safety culture improvement of domestic railway by intensively comparing railway safety system overseas to reinforce domestic railway safety. Domestic railways well known the well-organized railway safety culture has brought up safety issues on their process of private management. With this process, also, domestic safety culture is requested by increasing sense of the safety for general public. This study expects Korean railways to become a well-organized that as removing insecure factors of domestic railway based on result comparing and analyzing the manual, factors and requirements of guideline for internal and external safety culture.

소규모 제재업 사업장에서 안전통로가 안전관련 변인 지각에 미치는 효과: 탐색적 연구

이홍석 ( Hong Suk Rhee ),문광수 ( Kwang Su Moon ),이계훈 ( Kye Hoon Lee ),이재희 ( Jae Hee Lee ),오세진 ( She Zeen Oah ) 한국안전학회(구 한국산업안전학회) 2016 한국안전학회지 Vol.31 No.3

This study examined the effects of safety-aisle on the safety climate, safety leadership, safety behavior, work loading and perceived accident risk in the small sawmilling industry. We distributed a questionnaire that measured various demographic variables, safety related variables by mail to 200 sawmilling companies. Finally 59 managers’ and 129 workers’ questionnaires were used for data analysis. An independent t-test was conducted to identify significant mean differences of safety related variables between safety-aisle installed and non-installed companies. Results indicated that mean differences of safety climate and safety behavior between safety-aisle installed and non-installed companies were significant. However, mean differences of safety leadership, work loading and perceived risk were not significant at the p < .05 level. Based on these results, the implications of this study and suggestions for future research were discussed.

한국사회에서 안전에 관한 심리학 연구의 과제

한덕웅 한국문화및사회문제심리학회 2003 한국심리학회지: 문화 및 사회문제 Vol.9 No.특

The purpose of this study is to review the previous studies on the safety problems in Korea and to propose a psychological total safety system model. The model consisted of four agents; the government as the safety management agent, the suppliers of safety goods and services, consumer of safety goods and services, and civil movement institutions for safety. It was emphasized that the culture specific social representations of safety and accident have emerged in the course of rapid industrialization process in Korea during last 30 years. We delineated the social representations of the Korean people on safety and accident according to the model. A psychological analysis of drinking and driving behavior was performed as an application of the model. It was emphasized that safety psychologists have to develope and to apply the knowledge and the information from human engineering psychology and applied social psychology on safety and accidents. 최근까지 한국사회에서 각종 대규모 안전사고가 발생한 배경에는 국가에서 지난 30여년간 경제성장과 산업의 발전을 목표로 추구하면서 정책으로 안전체계를 구축하지 못한 문화의 특수성이 있다고 보았다. 이 관점에서 현재 한국사회의 안전체계를 구성하는 주체들의 심리와 행동 특성을 분석하고, 이어서 안전 분야에서 심리학이 기여할 수 있는 영역과 연구 과제를 논의하였다. 먼저 총체안전체계의 관점에서 체계를 구성하는 단위로서 안전관리의 책임을 맡은 정부, 안전상품과 써비스를 생산하여 판매하는 기업, 안전상품과 써비스를 소비하면서 한편으로 공동체의 안전생활 환경에 영향을 미치는 시민들, 그리고 안전을 위한 시민운동 단체를 구별하고 이 네 주체들이 각각 어떤 특징들을 보이는지 살펴보았다. 이 분석을 토대로 한국사회에서 심리학이 안전체계를 구성하는 네 주체들의 안전심리와 행동을 연구하여 개선하는데 응용하는 방안을 모색하였다. 안전에 관한 심리학 연구의 영역들로는 인지심리가 토대가 되어서 인간-기계체계를 다루는 인간공학 연구와 아울러 안전심리와 행동에 관한 사회행동 연구가 기초가 된다고 보았다. 이 연구들을 기초로 여러 전공의 심리학자들이 협력하여 안전체계를 구성하는 정부, 기업, 시민, 시민단체 및 언론에 전문지식과 정보를 만들어서 제공하여야 한다. 그리고 실제로 안전분야에 따라서 각종 기관에서 대중의 태도변화에 활용할 수 있는 홍보 계획과 아울러 각 주체들의 행동변화 계획을 만들어야 할 필요성도 지적하였다. 이 논문의 후반부에서는 도로교통 안전 분야에서 필자가 한국 운전자의 음주운전 행동을 연구한 결과를 예로 들어서 한국사회의 안전체계에 관한 심리학 연구의 전망과 장래 연구의 과제를 논의하였다.

전문건설업 안전문화 평가에 관한 연구

신상연,백신원,정성룡,Shin, Sang-Yeon,Paik, Sinwon,Jung, Sung-Lyoung 한국안전학회 2021 한국안전학회지 Vol.36 No.2

Specialty contractor facilities, which involve a combination of welding and commissioning, face a high risk of serious accidents such as fire, explosion, and suffocation associated with welding work, nitrogen, and argon use. In such facilities, the organizational safety culture has considerable impact on the frequency of accidents. In this study, a safety culture evaluation was conducted on specialty contractors. NOSACQ-50, a standardized survey method on safety culture, was selected as an assessment tool to evaluate the safety culture in specialized construction companies that could not afford to invest heavily in safety. The self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted with 201 workers of four construction companies and the results were analyzed. It was found that in companies with low safety culture, the occurrence of irrationality was 66.0%, while in companies with high safety culture, the occurrence of irrationality was 42.6%. Thus, the difference in the occurrence of irrationality by safety culture was statistically significant. The difference in safety culture level according to the experience of occurrence of irrationality was also significant. It was also found that the higher the belief in safety management authorization, safety responsibilities of managers, worker safety priorities, and safety system effects, the lower the probability of irrationality.