Cause Analysis and Countermeasures for Industrial CRISIS in Three Northeastern Provinces of CHINA

Kang Ho-gu,Monthinee Teeramungcalanon J-INSTITUTE 2017 International Journal of Crisis & Safety Vol.2 No.1

Recently, as the Chinese economy has focused on the decline in economic growth rate, economic restructuring, and assimilation of demand stimulus policies, the burden of maintaining the growth rate of the Chinese economy is increasing. Previously, the three northeastern provinces of CHINA once led the growth due to the rich the nat-ural resources and the Chinese government s policy support, but, after the reform and opening up, the three northeastern provinces have been falling rapidly in the comparative advantage or the share of GDP and stagnat-ing in comparison with other regions. In particular, after CHINA entered the New Normal in 2014, the Chinese government implemented supply-side reforms completely, and put the focus of this reform on overcapacity of heavy industry and reform of state-owned enterprises. As a result, the economic growth of the three northeastern provinces, where heavy industries and state-owned enterprises accounted for a large portion of the economy, has been falling, and this trend is becoming more serious. Based on the economic situation of the three northeastern provinces in 2016, this report analyzes the three aspects of industrial structure, corporate governance structure, and elemental resources, and chooses the three major causes of the economic CRISIS in the three northeastern provinces. First, there is a single industrial struc-ture. Among the regional GDP, heavy industries, that is, the resource-intensive industries, account for a large portion of industry, and the development of technology-intensive industries is far behind. Second, the proportion of state-owned enterprises is very high. In other words, the structural problem of a company directly affects production efficiency. Third, the outflow of human resources is very serious. Due to various problems such as low-level industrial structure, lack of policy support, lack of enterprise innovation environment, etc. of the three north-eastern provinces, high-quality human resources have escaped to other cities to find a better opportunity, which has hampered the development of high-tech industries in the region and further slowed down the advanced industrial structure. The analysis concludes that the three northeastern provinces should undergo fundamental reforms in terms of industrial structure and corporate governance structure, under the background of the strengthening of CHI-NA s supply-side reforms. First, in the aspect of industrial structure, the industrial structure should be diversified and the industrial structure should be upgraded. And, through improving the corporate governance structure, the efficiency of the local economy should be improved by converting the less efficient state economy into a more efficient private economy. It is necessary to establish local preference policies that can attract core human re-sources while solving the problems of industrial structure and corporate governance structure.

韩国企业对中国东北三省直接投资研究

李?花(Li Lian-hua) 한국국제회계학회 2007 국제회계연구 Vol.0 No.18

The three northeastern provinces of China include Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning province. The total land area is 8.2% of the whole country; the population is 8.4% of the whole country. In 2006, the GDP amount of the three northeastern provinces is 9.4% of the whole country, increasing 13.6% averagely. The increasing velocity is higher than the whole country velocity which is 10.7%. Although the three northeastern provinces of China were the main heavy-industry bases of China during China was founded early and did a great deal of contribution to the Chinese economy, the economy of the three northeastern provinces developed slowly, reform was backwater, opening degree was low after reform and opening began. At the same time, the northeast area lagged far behind the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta, the peripheral zone of Bohai Sea and other regions in attracting and utilizing foreign capital. Therefore, the Chinese government puts forward the strategy on revitalizing the northeast old industrial base in 2003, starting pushing forward construction of the northeast economy strongly. As a national policy, the strategy on revitalizing the northeast old industrial base provides new opportunity for expanding opening and attracting foreign capital. Korea is one of the main objects that northeast area attracts foreign capital according to the factors of geography position, resources etc. Korean enterprises' investment to northeast area has a further declining trend in recent years, which is caused by the factors such as the low degree of marketization and limited market capacity of the three northeastern provinces, as well as the strategic changes from cost-orientation to market-orientation made by Korean enterprises concerning their direct investment in China. The author thinks that Korean enterprises should conquer above reasons and exploit the opportunity that the Chinese government revitalizes the northeast old industrial base. Especially, they should invest the industries which have obvious comparative advantage, such as automobile manufacture, raw material, deep processing of agricultural products, and cross-boarder tourism etc. The investment is a kind of strategic choice of double victories no matter to Korean enterprises or revitalizing and development of the northeast economy.

중국 東北3省의 채소 재배 현황과 전망

金光勇,金正幹,嚴永哲 북방농업연구소 2016 北方農業硏究 Vol.39 No.1

This study was conducted on to investigate the present status and prospect of vegetable production in three northeastern provinces(Hilongian,Jilin and Lianoning) of China. According to agricultural statistics of China,Total vegetable cultivated acreage of three northeastern provinces appears to about 4.5%(953.7 thousands hectare) and total vegetable production appears to 6.5%(4951.7 thousands metric tons) of China,Total vegetable cultivated acreage of China increased suddenly between 16% to 40% during 15years from 2000 to 2014,But on the other hand, three northeastern provinces decreased about 10~15% every years during its times,also the only, In case of Lianoning province,vegetable cultivated acreage and production increased every years. The chief vegetable producing places are the Chaoyang and Shenyang in Liaoning,Changchun and Songyuan in Jilin, Harbin and Mudanjiang in Heilongian province.Also,the chief vegetable producing places of protected culvation are Changchun, Songyuan and Siping in Jilin province,At the this places are producing about 65% of total three northeastern provinces production in 2014. The northeastern region of China, especially, Heilongjian province is the main producing region of grain(wheat,maize,soybean and so on),Laioning and Jilin provinces are the main producing region of outdoor vegetable crops culture and protected vegetable culture. In future,It is necessary to carefully consider its impact on the domestic vegetable industry for increasing the importing of condiment vegetable from China owing to FTA between Korea and China.

중국지역의 물류효율성 정태적⋅동태적 변화분석 -동북3성을 중심으로-

고정오 한중사회과학학회 2021 한중사회과학연구 Vol.19 No.2

The purpose of this study is to analyze static and dynamic efficiency of the logistics efficiency of the 3 Northeast Provinces of China, based on the DEA(CRS, VRS) and DEA Window model over 9 years(2012-2020). In the analysis of the efficiency, the transportation distance, the number of employees working environments of shipping, rail and road, and the new fixed assets investment in of logistics industry were used as an input variables, while output variables included the amount of traffic in shipping, rail and road. The empirical results show the following findings. First, static efficiency results indicated that Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang regions are inefficiency of logistics in 2019. Especially, these(jilin, heirongjiang) regions were scored below average VRS efficiency in China. Second, the research reveals that beginning in 2012, logistics efficiency of 3 Northeast Provinces of China have a tendency to improve between 2012 and 2019, as based on dynamic efficiency analysis. However, these regions show that the efficiency level was generally lower than the other areas. Third, it was analyzed that the three northeastern provinces had many things to improve due to their low logistics efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to sign partnerships in the logistics market through joint cooperation, not competition with the three northeastern regions, and seek cooperation in various fields. 본 연구의 목적은 DEA(CRS, VRS)와 DEA/WINDOW를 이용하여 2012년부터 2020년까지 중국 동북3성의 물류효율성을 정태적, 동태적으로 분석하는 것이다. 이를 위해 투입변수로는 운송거리, 철도-도로-해운종사자 수, 물류산업 고정자산 신규투자액을, 산출변수로는 철도, 도로, 해운과 같은 물류 수단별 운송량의 총계를 이용하였다. 연구결과, 첫째 정태적 효율성 분석결과, 2020년(2019년기준) 요녕, 길림 그리고 흑룡강의 물류효율성은 모두 비효율적인 것으로 나타났으며, 특히 VRS 기준 하에서 길림과 흑룡강 지역의 효율성은 전국 평균 미만으로 나타났다. 둘째, 동태적 효율성 분석결과, 2012년부터 2019년까지 동북3성 지역은 지속적으로 효율성이 다소 개선되는 경향을 보이고는 있으나, 여전히 타 지역에 비해 효율성 수준이 전반적으로 낮은 경향을 보이는 것으로 분석되었다.

중국 東北3省지역의 농업여건과 薯類作物 생산 현황

金崇烈,金正幹 북방농업연구소 2016 北方農業硏究 Vol.39 No.1

Approximate situation of potato industry was investigated for three northeastern provinces(Heilongjian, Jilin and Liaoning) in China. Chinese agricultural statistics for potato crops include potato and sweet potato. The acreage and production for only potato appears to cover approximately 60%. According to agricultural statistics of Jilin province, the acreage for only potato is estimated to be 91%(67,000ha) of total potato crops acreage of 74,000ha. In the ratio of only potato acreage compared to total potato one, Heilongjian province is the highest and the lowest result was observed in Liaoning province. The acreage, production and yield of potato have consistent increased since 1990 in China. The acreage of potato increased from 2,829 thousands hectare in 1990 to 5,647 thousands hectare in 2014. Yield per hectare increase from 2,264kg in 1990 to 3,405kg in 2014. In conclusion, total potato production increased rapidly from 6,404 thousands metric tons to 19,227 thousands metric tons. Potato crops acreage and production of three northeastern provinces were 3.7% (328 thousands hectare) and 6.5%(2,171 tons) of acreage and production of China respectively. This result was higher than overall average of China, that is 3.3% for Heilongjian, 1.7% for Jilin and 1.5% for Liaoning. The main cities for production of potato crops in northeastern provinces of China is Qiqihar for Heilongjian, Changchun for Jilin and Tieling for Liaoning.

中國 中原·東北地方 甲冑로 본 嶺南地方 甲冑文化의 전개과정과 특징

김혁중 영남고고학회 2015 嶺南考古學 Vol.- No.72

Manufacturers of armor in the Chinese Central Plains produced lamellar armor and helmets while those in its Northeastern Provinces made scale armor, helmets made by vertically lacing iron strips, and armor for horses. Artisans in both regions used the same techniques, including suspensory binding and leather binding, suggesting that there was active cultural exchange between the two regions. The armor-making techniques developed in these Chinese regions were imported to the Yeongnam area on the Korean Peninsula in the early phase of its history. The armor scales discovered at the archaeological sites in Daeseong-ri, Gapyeong, and Unbuk-dong, Incheon suggest that suits of armor arrived in Korea in the third century at the latest. Similarly, various forms of scale armor discovered in the Yeongnam area, including that made by lacing iron strips vertically, show that local artisans began to produce suits of armor in earnest in the early 4thcentury. The early suits of armor made by local artisans in the Yeongnam area reveal that they actively adopted the techniques developed by Chinese artisans in the Central Plains and Northeastern Provinces. In the late 4thcentury, similar types of armor were made in the three Yan Dynasties in the Chinese northeastern region and in the northern Korean kingdom of Goguryeo. A widely accepted view regarding the development of armor in the Yeongnam area is that a significant change occurred threre during the 5thcentury, probably caused by the Southern Expedition of King Gwanggaeto(374-412) of Goguryeo. According to this study, however, the historic change brought to the area in the 4thcentury led in the following century to the development of more advanced techniques and the emergence of unique characteristic features of suits of armor made in the Yeongnam area, such as Omega-shaped waist armor, scales with two rows of holes punched into them for suspensory binding, and the combination of a variety of techniques for the production of metal armor for warhorses. The study concludes that there had been active exchanges of techniques between the Yeongnam area and two Chinese regions even before King Gwanggaeto's Southern Expedition, and that the technical developments archieved in the southeastern part of the Korean Peninsula after King Gwanggaeto's expedition made a significant contribution to the diversity and uniquenesso f the armor made in the area. 중국 중원지방은 어린갑(小札革結), 소찰주를 제작하였고 동북지방은 찰갑(小札垂結), 종장판주, 마갑·마주를 제작하였다. 그러나 양 지역은 갑옷 제작에 소찰혁결기법과 소찰수결기법을 동시에 사용하고 있다. 이것은 상호 교류에 의해 융합되는 기술적인 부분이다. 영남지방의 갑주문화도 일찍이 중국 중원 및 동북지방의 갑주 제작기술을 적극적으로 수용하여 발전하였다. 가평 대성리와 인천 운북동 유적에서 확인된 소찰은 한반도가 늦어도 3세기에 철제갑주를 수용하였을 가능성을 보여준다. 영남지방도 이러한 영향으로 4세기 초에는 철제갑옷을 본격적으로 제작하였다. 영남지방에서 확인되는 다양한 형태의 찰갑 및 종장판갑과 종장판주로 확인할 수 있다. 이 중 초기 찰갑은 연결기법과 개폐방식에 있어서 중국 중원과 동북지방의 기술을 융합하였다. 이후 4세기 후반에는 동북지방의 삼연이나 고구려와 유사한 갑옷이 제작된다. 그간 영남지방에서는 이러한 갑주문화의 큰 변화를 5세기로 보는 경향이 있었다. 그 변화의 원인을 400년 고구려 광개토대왕의 남정이라는 역사적 사건에서 찾은 것이다. 그러나 본고의 검토에 의하면 4세기의 변화로 5세기에 좀 더 기술이 진화되어 영남지방 고유의 갑주가 자리 잡은 것으로 판단된다. 중국 중원 및 동북지방에서 찾을 수 없는 ‘Ω’형의 요찰과 수결을 위한 2열 투공 배치가 있는 찰갑 그리고 마주·마갑의 다양한 조합에서 찾을 수 있다. 그러므로 고구려 남정 이전에 영남지방은 갑주제작에 중국 중원 및동북지방과 기술 교류나 영향이 있었음은 분명한 사실이다. 다만 고구려 남정 이후 영남지방에서 좀 더 다양하게 제작된갑주는 기술 성장에 따른 독자성이 발휘된 것으로 평가할 수 있다

중국 동북지역 사회관리 정책에서 나타나는 당·정 주도성

백승욱 ( Baek Seung-wook ),김판수 ( Kim Pan-su ),정규식 ( Jeong Kyu-sik ) 현대중국학회 2017 現代中國硏究 Vol.19 No.2

동북지역 사회조직이 사회관리에 대한 참여에서 주로 채택하는 것은 ‘합작모델’이다. 동북지역의 사회관리 정책이 사구차원에서 수행되면서 나타나는 주요한 특징은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 사회조직에 의한 서비스구매가 형식적으로 이루어지더라도 경쟁력 있는 사회조직들이 거의 없기 때문에, 구매는 경쟁적 입찰이라기보다 수의계약에 가까운 방식으로 특정 사회조직에 혜택을 집중시킨다. 둘째, 사회조직의 저발전 때문에 지방정부와 지방정부의 후원을 받는 반(半)-관 사회조직 사이의 긴밀한 협조관계가 수립되기 쉽다. 셋째, 단위체제의 역할은 약화되었지만, 동북지역의 사회관리와 사회조직 운영의 배경에는 여전히 단위체제의 특성이 온존하고 있다. 넷째, 위에서 아래로의 관리가 실질적으로 강조되다 보니, 현실적으로 남는 것은 격자망화에 기반한 통제에 집중되는 경향이 있다. Northeastern Provinces in China are catching up with ‘advanced models’ of social management(or social governance) in Southern Provinces. In Northeastern provinces, one of the most prominent characteristics of social government policies is witnessed in their cooperative model. Northeastern provinces display their important characteristics in social management policies as follows: 1) owing to few independent social organizations, targeted model social organizations are easily selected as suppliers for social services; 2) semi-governmental organizations are established as official ‘NGOs’ suit for government standard; 3) continuing legacy of work unit system is still found in these area; 4) ‘Grid management’ technic is widely introduced to control the society.

균형발전정책 추진에 따른 중국 동북3성과 한국의 경제협력 강화방안

송용호(SONG Yong Ho) 신아시아연구소(구 신아세아질서연구회) 2013 신아세아 Vol.20 No.1

중국 정부는 “12.5규획”시기부터 국부(國富)를 위한 경제성장 보다는 민부(民富)를 위한 경제발전을 중시하는 ‘균형발전’을 중점 정책으로 채택하게 되었다. 이에 따라 동북3성의 각 지방 정부들도 발전방식의 전환과 내수시장의 확대를 핵심목표로 적극적인 경제개발 전략을 수립하여 추진하고 있다. 따라서 향후 중국 정부의 균형발전정책에 부응하고 한ㆍ중 경제협력의 질적 향상을 위해 동북3성 각 정부의 지역개발 사업에 적극 협력하면서 효율적 산업협력과 내수시장 마케팅을 강화하는 전략의 수립이 반드시 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 중국의 균형발전정책 실시라는 새로운 환경변화에 순응하는 한국과 중국 동북3성의 경제협력의 방안으로 내수시장 접근성 제고를 위한 전략적 마케팅의 강화, 기술무역의 활성화, 동북3성 지역개발사업에 적극 참여, 투자의 지역, 업종, 방식, 규모의 다양화, 동북3성을 경유한 북한과의 경제교류 확대, 중국 동북3성 기업의 대한국 투자 유도 및 경영컨설팅 실시, 종합적 인재양성 시스템의 운영과 활성화 등의 방안을 제시하였다. From the 12th Five-Year Plan period, the Chinese government determined to reform the economic development policies gradually from emphasizing on the economic growth of the ''wealthy nation" to emphasizing on achieving balanced development of "rich people"(balance and allocation). The local governments of the three northeastern provinces have established and actively promoted the economic development strategies of changing development patterns and expanding domestic demands. To adapt to the Chinese government's balanced development policies and comprehensively improve South Korea and China's economic cooperation. it is necessary to actively participate in the regional development strategies advocated by the Chinese northeastern provinces' governments and to establish the efficient industrial collaboration and strengthened domestic demands marketing strategies. To conform to the environmental changes brought by the implementation of the balanced development strategy, this paper proposes the following countermeasure to strengthen South Korea and northeast China's economic cooperation. including : (1) Strengthen the strategic marketing to improve the proximity of domestic market; (2) Activate the technology trade; (3) Actively participate in the three northeastern provinces' regional development strategies; (4) Diversify investment area. field, form and scale; (5) Expand economic cooperation with North Korea through the Chinese northeastern regions; (6) Actively introduce Northeastern Chinese enterprises to invest in Korean investment and activate enterprise management consulting activities; and (7) Establish and operate a comprehensive personnel training system.

중국 동북진흥계획이 한국에 미치는 영향: 창지투개발계획을 중심으로

김주삼 ( Joo Sam Kim ) 조선대학교 동북아연구소(구 통일문제연구소) 2010 동북아연구 Vol.25 No.1

2009년말 기준으로 중국의 수출규모는 세계 1위로 올라선 데 이어 올해 상반기에는 중국의 GDP가 세계 2위를 차지하게 되면서 중국은 이제 세계에서 미국과 G2의 위치와 역할을 차지하게 되었다. 중국은 1978년 덩샤오핑이 표방한 개혁개방노선을 추진한 지 30년을 지나오면서 연해지역개발에 성공한 데 이어, 최근에는 그동안 낙후지역이었던 동북3성지역개발에 박차를 가하고 있다. 2009년 11월 18일 중국 국무원은 두만강유역개발개방선도구: 창-지-투를 중심으로(이하 ``창지투개발계획``)을 중앙정부차원에서 국가전략사업으로 선정하고 비준하였다. 창지투개발계획은 1차적으로 중국 동북지역의 개발사업의 성격임에도 불구하고, 국내적 성격을 벗어나 주변국인 북한, 러시아, 몽골, 한국, 일본과 직접적으로 연결될 수 밖에 없는 국제적 성격을 동시에 갖고 있다는 점에서 매우 복잡하고 예민한 개발계획이라고 분석된다. 하지만 중·북·러는 창지투의 핵심국가로 분류되며, 한·몽·일은 창지투개발계획에 있어서 배후국가들이라고 그 성격을 규정할 수 있다. 중국동북진흥계획은 1992년에 유엔의 UNDP가 두만강유역공동개발계획을 제안하였으나, 관련국들의 참여와 투자유치 부진 및 국제적 문제로 별다른 성과를 거두지 못하였다. 따라서 이러한 과거사례에 비추어 볼 때, 창지투개발계획은 향후 성공여부와 국내외에 미치는 영향력 및 그 파급효과는 어느 정도가 될 것인가는 매우 중요한 관심사안일 수밖에 없다. 창지투개발계획에 대해서 한국은 향후 어떠한 대책을 강구해 나가야 할 것인가는 매우 중요한 의제가 될 것이다. In late 2009, China`s exports were ranked as first in the world and in the first half of this year, its GDP was ranked second in the world. Therefore, China has achieved the position and role of G2 just behing the United States. As China has successfully developed its coastal waters for 30 years since its Economic Reform in the People`s Republic of China, led by Deng Xiaoping, that started in 1978, it has spurred development of the three northeastern Chinese provinces. On November 18, 2009, the government of China designated the Changchun-Jilin-Tumen Development Plan as a national strategic project and ratified it. Analysis of the plan shows that it is very complicated and sensitive in that it cannot help but be related with North Korea, Russia, Mongolia, South Korea, and Japan although its focus is on the northeast provinces of China. However, China, North Korea and Russia are classified as central nations to the development plan, and South Korea, Mongolia, and Japan are included to a lesser extent. The United Nations Development Programme suggested a joint development plan for the Tumen River Basin in 1992, but no special results have been achieved due to international problems such as the poor participation of relevant nations and low investment. Therefore, in considering the past case, the Changchun-Jilin-Tumen Development Plan is very important in respect to its future success and its influence on national and international conditions. What measures South Korea should take in respect to the development plan of China will be a very important issue.

조선족, 탈북자 그리고 한중관계

정천구(Chun-koo Jeong) 한국통일전략학회 2006 통일전략 Vol.6 No.1

본 연구는 한중관계에서 주요 외교쟁점이 되어 온 중국조선족 문제와 탈북자문제를 한중 양국의 기본입장의 차이와 쟁점을 탐구하고 한국의 민족정책의 관점에서 문제점과 과제를 제시하고 있다. 재중한인으로서 조선족은 민족의 다양성을 인정하는 바탕위에서 하나의 중화민족을 추구하는 중국의 소수민족 정책 아래서 민족은 조선족이지만 국적은 중화인민공화국의 공민으로서의 정체성을 견지하고 있다. 한국은 한중 수교 후 문민정부의 신 교포정책을 거쳐 국민의 정부의 재외동포법 제정으로 재미, 재일한인과 더불어 조선족을 새로운 한국민족정책의 적용대상으로 포함시키려 시도하였다. 그러나 이러한 시도는 중국의 반대와 우리정부의 실무적 편의주의로 실패하였고 조선족을 재외동포법의 적용대상에서 배제시킴으로써 조선족 정책에 많은 문제점을 제기하였다. 북한의 기근과 정치적 압제로 인하여 발생한 탈북자는 주로 중국의 동북3성에 10만 명 이상이 거주하면서 어느 나라의 법적 보호도 받지 못하고 극심한 인권사각지대에 살고 있다. 중국은 북한과의 협정에 따라 이들을 불법월경자로 체포, 북한으로 송환하고 있다. 대한민국의 법체계로 볼 때 이들은 탈북과 동시에 정지되었던 대한민국 국민으로서의 자격이 회복되어 대한민국은 이들을 보호할 의무가 있다. 한국은 탈북자를 난민으로 보고 이들의 강제송환에 대하여 중국에 항의하고 이들의 보호를 위해 노력해 왔다. 중국은 이 문제가 국제적 이슈가 되는 것을 방지할 목적으로 문제가 발생하면 신속하게 추방하여 한국행을 돕고 있으나 이들을 불법월경자로 보는 기본 입장은 변하지 않고 있다. 조선족과 탈북자 문제의 효과적인 해결을 위해서는 먼저 재외동포를 한민족네트워크에 포용할 수 있는 확고한 민족정책의 수립이 전제되어야 하고 이 문제를 동족의 삶의 질 개선과 인권신장이라는 민족적 목표에서 접근해야 하며 대북포용정책과의 과도한 연계정책을 지양하여 독자적 문제로 취급해야 할 것이다. This study is to analyse major issues on Korean Chinese and North Korean Defectors between Korea and China. I will focus first on the differences of the two countries' basic positions on the issues and then try to discuss ways how to deal with the problems in view of Korea's policy on oversea's Korean Diaspora community. In the China's minority policy, Korean Chinese is one of the fifty five minority nationalities in China, whose identity is Korean as well as Chinese citizen. After long period of neglect, Republic of Korea began to try to include Korean Chinese into the overseas Korean National community enacting an overseas Koreans act. This effort, however, was blocked by China and opposition from working level Korean officials. As a result Korean Chinese are excluded from the benefit of the new overseas Korean Act and it has raised a serious problems to the Korea's policy on the Korean Chinese community in China. More than a hundred of thousands North Korean defectors have been staying in Chinese Northeastern three provinces. They defected from North Korea escaping from hunger and political oppression there. They sustain their lives in a foreign soil with bad human rights conditions without any protection from any national government. China continue to repatriate them to North Korea when its officials capture them as illegal border transgression according to the agreements with the North Korea. In the Korean law system, the North Korean defectors automatically restore their citizenship of the Republic of Korea when they defect from North Korea. So, Korean Government begin to have its duty to protect them as its citizens. Korean government sees the defectors as international refugees, protests to Chinese government whenever the latter repulsory repatriate the defectors and strives to protect them. The Chinese counterpart hasn't change its original position that the North Korean defectors are illegals. Whenever there is a sign that any defector incident turns out to be a serious international human right issue, Chinese government takes a pragmatic decision to expel them quickly to a third country thereby help them to decide their final destination. In order to solve the Korean Chinese issues as well as the North Korean defector issue properly, ROK government should first setup a sound and firm overseas Korean policy which enables overseas Koreans including Korean Chinese in China incorporate into a grand overseas Korean community. It is also advisable that the government approaches the two issues in view of the improvement of quality of life and human rights of our brethren around the world independently from its too inclusive North Korean engagement policy.