Influences of heating processes on properties and microstructure of porous CeO2 beads as a surrogate for nuclear fuels fabricated by a microfluidic sol-gel process

Tong Song,Lin Guo,Ming Chen,Zhen-Qi Chang 한국원자력학회 2019 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.51 No.1

The control of microstructure is critical for the porous fuel particles used for infiltrating actinide nuclides. This study concerns the effect of heating processes on properties and microstructure of the fuel particles. The uniform gel precursor beads were synthesized by a microfluidic sol-gel process and then the porousCeO2 microspheres, as a surrogate for the ceramic nuclear fuel particles, were obtained by heatingtreatment of the gel precursors. The fabricated CeO2 microspheres have a narrow size distribution andgood sphericity due to the feature of microfluidics. The effects of heating processes parameters, such asheating mode and peak temperatures on the properties of microspheres were studied in detail. Anoptimized heating mode and the peak temperature of 650 C were selected to produce porous CeO2microspheres. The optimized heating mode can avoid the appearance of broken or crack microspheres inthe heating process, and as-prepared porous microspheres were of suitable pore size distribution andpore volume for loading minor actinide (MA) solution by an infiltration method that is used for fabricationof MA-bearing nuclear fuel beads. After the infiltration process, 1000 C was selected as the finaltemperature to improve the compressive strength of microspheres.

Photobiomodulation Facilitates Rat Cutaneous Wound Healing by Promoting Epidermal Stem Cells and Hair Follicle Stem Cells Proliferation

Wang Tong,Song Yajuan,Yang Liu,Liu Wei,He Zhen’an,Shi Yi,Song Baoqiang,Yu Zhou 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2024 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.21 No.1

Background: Cutaneous wound healing represents a common fundamental phenomenon requiring the participation of cells of distinct types and a major concern for the public. Evidence has confirmed that photobiomodulation (PBM) using near-infrared (NIR) can promote wound healing, but the cells involved and the precise molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Methods: Full-thickness skin defects with a diameter of 1.0 cm were made on the back of rats and randomly divided into the control group, 10 J, 15 J, and 30 J groups. The wound healing rate at days 4, 8, and 12 postoperatively was measured. HE and Masson staining was conducted to reveal the histological characteristics. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to label the epidermal stem cells (ESCs) and hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). Western blot was performed to detect the expressions of proteins associated with ESCs and HFSCs. Cutaneous wound tissues were collected for RNA sequencing. Gene ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis was performed, and the hub genes were identified using CytoHubba and validated by qRT-PCR. Results: PBM can promote reepithelialization, extracellular matrix deposition, and wound healing, increase the number of KRT14+/PCNA+ ESCs and KRT15+/PCNA+ HFSCs, and upregulate the protein expression of P63, Krt14, and PCNA. Three hundred and sixty-six differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 7 hub genes including Sox9, Krt5, Epcam, Cdh1, Cdh3, Dsp, and Pkp3 were identified. These DEGs are enriched in skin development, cell junction, and cadherin binding involved in cell–cell adhesion etc., while these hub genes are related to skin derived stem cells and cell adhesion. Conclusion: PBM accelerates wound healing by enhancing reepithelialization through promoting ESCs and HFSCs proliferation and elevating the expression of genes associated with stem cells and cell adhesion. This may provide a valuable alternative strategy to promote wound healing and reepithelialization by modulating the proliferation of skin derived stem cells and regulating genes related to cell adhesion. Background: Cutaneous wound healing represents a common fundamental phenomenon requiring the participation of cells of distinct types and a major concern for the public. Evidence has confirmed that photobiomodulation (PBM) using near-infrared (NIR) can promote wound healing, but the cells involved and the precise molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Methods: Full-thickness skin defects with a diameter of 1.0 cm were made on the back of rats and randomly divided into the control group, 10 J, 15 J, and 30 J groups. The wound healing rate at days 4, 8, and 12 postoperatively was measured. HE and Masson staining was conducted to reveal the histological characteristics. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to label the epidermal stem cells (ESCs) and hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). Western blot was performed to detect the expressions of proteins associated with ESCs and HFSCs. Cutaneous wound tissues were collected for RNA sequencing. Gene ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis was performed, and the hub genes were identified using CytoHubba and validated by qRT-PCR. Results: PBM can promote reepithelialization, extracellular matrix deposition, and wound healing, increase the number of KRT14+/PCNA+ ESCs and KRT15+/PCNA+ HFSCs, and upregulate the protein expression of P63, Krt14, and PCNA. Three hundred and sixty-six differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 7 hub genes including Sox9, Krt5, Epcam, Cdh1, Cdh3, Dsp, and Pkp3 were identified. These DEGs are enriched in skin development, cell junction, and cadherin binding involved in cell–cell adhesion etc., while these hub genes are related to skin derived stem cells and cell adhesion. Conclusion: PBM accelerates wound healing by enhancing reepithelialization through promoting ESCs and HFSCs proliferation and elevating the expression of genes associated with stem cells and cell adhesion. This may provide a valuable alternative strategy to promote wound healing and reepithelialization by modulating the proliferation of skin derived stem cells and regulating genes related to cell adhesion.

Efficiency Optimization of Variable Iron Loss Resistance Asynchronous Motor Based on Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm

Guo Zhen,Tong Di,Zhao Yan-cheng,Chen Shuang,Nai Ji-qiu,Ye Ming-hao 대한전기학회 2024 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.19 No.1

Asynchronous motor is widely used in various industrial fields. When asynchronous motor works in case close to the rated load, it will run at maximum efficiency. However, most of the load is 50–100% of rated load and it will lead to the serious waste of energy. This paper proposes an efficiency optimization control strategy based on the grey wolf optimization algorithm to improve the operating efficiency of asynchronous motors at light loads. The motor loss model considering the change of iron loss is established and it makes the asynchronous motor model more accurate. The grey wolf optimization algorithm is used to find the optimized flux value. When the asynchronous motor operates at the optimal flux, the loss power of the motor is decreased and the operation efficiency improves effectively. The proposed method reduces the flux search time and improves the stability of the system. The simulation model is established and the simulation results are provided to verify the feasibility of the proposed control strategy achieving the global efficiency optimum of asynchronous motor.

Wnt/β-Catenin Promotes the Osteoblastic Potential of BMP9 Through Down-Regulating Cyp26b1 in Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Yao Xin-Tong,Li Pei-pei,Liu Jiang,Yang Yuan-Yuan,Luo Zhen-Ling,Jiang Hai-Tao,He Wen-Ge,Luo Hong-Hong,Deng Yi-Xuan,He Bai-Cheng 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2023 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.20 No.5

BACKGROUND: All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) promotes the osteogenic differentiation induced by bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9), but the intrinsic relationship between BMP9 and ATRA keeps unknown. Herein, we investigated the effect of Cyp26b1, a critical enzyme of ATRA degradation, on the BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and unveiled possible mechanism through which BMP9 regulates the expression of Cyp26b1. METHODS: ATRA content was detected with ELISA and HPLC–MS/MS. PCR, Western blot, and histochemical staining were used to assay the osteogenic markers. Fetal limbs culture, cranial defect repair model, and micro–computed tomographic were used to evaluate the quality of bone formation. IP and ChIP assay were used to explore possible mechanism. RESULTS: We found that the protein level of Cyp26b1 was increased with age, whereas the ATRA content decreased. The osteogenic markers induced by BMP9 were increased by inhibiting or silencing Cyp26b1 but reduced by exogenous Cyp26b1. The BMP9-induced bone formation was enhanced by inhibiting Cyp26b1. The cranial defect repair was promoted by BMP9, which was strengthened by silencing Cyp26b1 and reduced by exogenous Cyp26b1. Mechanically, Cyp26b1 was reduced by BMP9, which was enhanced by activating Wnt/b-catenin, and reduced by inhibiting this pathway. b-catenin interacts with Smad1/5/9, and both were recruited at the promoter of Cyp26b1. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggested the BMP9-induced osteoblastic differentiation was mediated by activating retinoic acid signalling, viadown-regulating Cyp26b1. Meanwhile, Cyp26b1 may be a novel potential therapeutic target for the treatment of bone-related diseases or accelerating bone-tissue engineering.

Formation of Vortices in a Three-dimensional Dipolar Bose-Einstein Condensate

Yuan Sheng Wang,Shen Tong Ji,Yue E Luo,Zhen Yu Li 한국물리학회 2015 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.67 No.9

We investigate the vortex formation properties of a three-dimensional (3D) dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of 52Cr atoms in an optical lattice potential through numerical simulations of the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation with a dissipation term. The mechanisms that influence the dipole-dipole interaction and the repulsive contact interaction between atoms during vortex formation are analyzed. We find that the stability of the vortices weakens with increasing attractive dipolar strength and that the repulsive contact interaction between atoms can increase the number of vortices.

Long Noncoding RNA Expression Profiling During the Neuronal Differentiation of Glial Precursor Cells from Rat Dorsal Root Ganglia

Yunfei Dai,Wei Ma,Tong Zhang,Jinwei Yang,Chenghao Zang,Kuangpin Liu,Xianbin Wang,Jiawei Wang,Zhen Wu,Xingkui Zhang,Chunyan Li,Junjun Li,Xiangpeng Wang,Jianhui Guo,Liyan Li 한국생물공학회 2020 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.25 No.3

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in the process of cell fate determination. However, their function and expression profiles have not yet been systematically investigated during the transdifferentiation of glial precursor cells derived from dorsal root ganglia (DRG) in the peripheral nervous system. Our results demonstrated significant differences in gene architecture and expression among the three transcript types (lncRNA, mRNA, and TUCP). Distinct differences in transcript length, exon number, and ORF length were identified between lncRNAs and mRNAs after comparative analysis of their structure and sequence conservation. We found that the upregulated lncRNAs outnumbered the downregulated lncRNAs in glial precursor cells cultured with proBDNF antiserum compared with the levels in glial precursor cells cultured without proBDNF antiserum. By a series of GO and KEGG analyses, we found that the effects of some lncRNAs on their target genes in cis were related to nerve growth factor-induced cell cycle, cell phenotype change, and neuronal differentiation. The qRT-PCR verification results of lncRNAs ENSRNOT00000091991, ENSRNOT00000087717, and LNC_000429 were mostly consistent with the sequencing results. The candidate lncRNAs may be associated with the neuronal transdifferentiation of glial precursor cells. Our study provides the first evidence for a remarkably diverse pattern of lncRNA expression during neuronal differentiation of glial precursor cells from rat DRG, and also provides a resource for lncRNA studies in the field of cell differentiation.

Resource Allocation based on Quantized Feedback for TDMA Wireless Mesh Networks

Xu, Lei,Tang, Zhen-Min,Li, Ya-Ping,Yang, Yu-Wang,Lan, Shao-Hua,Lv, Tong-Ming The Institute of Electronics and Information Engin 2013 IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing & Computing Vol.2 No.3

Resource allocation based on quantized feedback plays a critical role in wireless mesh networks with a time division multiple access (TDMA) physical layer. In this study, a resource allocation problem was formulated based on quantized feedback for TDMA wireless mesh networks that minimize the total transmission power. Three steps were taken to solve the optimization problem. In the first step, the codebook of the power, rate and equivalent channel quantization threshold was designed. In the second step, the timeslot allocation criterion was deduced using the primal-dual method. In the third step, a resource allocation scheme was developed based on quantized feedback using the stochastic optimization tool. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme not only reduces the total transmission power, but also has the advantage of quantized feedback.

Influence of Peanut Cultivars and Environmental Conditions on the Diversity and Community Composition of Pod Rot Soil Fungi in China

( Mian Wang ),( Mingna Chen ),( Zhen Yang ),( Na Chen ),( Xiaoyuan Chi ),( Lijuan Pan ),( Tong Wang ),( Shanlin Yu ),( Xingqi Guo ) 한국균학회 2017 Mycobiology Vol.45 No.4

Peanut yield and quality are seriously affected by pod rot pathogens worldwide, especially in China in recent years. The goals of this study are to analyze the structure of fungal communities of peanut pod rot in soil in three peanut cultivars and the correlation of pod rot with environmental variables using 454 pyrosequencing. A total of 46,723 internal transcribed spacer high-quality sequences were obtained and grouped into 1,706 operational taxonomic units at the 97% similarity cut-off level. The coverage, rank abundance, and the Chao 1 and Shannon diversity indices of the operational taxonomic units were analyzed. Members of the phylum Ascomycota were dominant, such as Fusarium, Chaetomium, Alternaria, and Sordariomycetes, followed by Basidiomycota. The results of the heatmap and redundancy analysis revealed significant variation in the composition of the fungal community among the three cultivar samples. The environmental conditions in different peanut cultivars may also influence on the structure of the fungal community. The results of this study suggest that the causal agent of peanut pod rot may be more complex, and cultivars and environmental conditions are both important contributors to the community structure of peanut pod rot fungi.

Binary Structured Polypropylene/Polyethylene Glycol Micronanofibrous Membranes with Enhanced Water and Air Permeability

Heng Zhang,Qi Zhen,Jing-Qiang Cui,Huan-Wei Sun,Rang-Tong Liu,Yi-Feng Zhang,Yong Liu 한국섬유공학회 2021 Fibers and polymers Vol.22 No.1

As a stable chemical material, polypropylene (PP) micro-nanofibrous membranes are widely used in medical andhealth care. However, PP fibrous membranes with single nano scale diameter are conducive to high packing density, whichresults in large flow resistance across the membrane. Therefore, to improve the material’s water and air permeability,polyethylene glycol (PEG), an incompatible polymer with PP, was introduced by blending in a modified method using a meltblowing process. This proposed approach allows large 10 μm diameter fibers to be entangled with fine 300 nm diameterfibers to produce highly porous binary structured fibrous membranes with small pore size. Because of its binary structure, theair permeability in the material reached 569.56 mm/s and the water vertical velocity was 70.15 mm/s. Additionally, the threedimensionalnumerical calculations suggested that the high porosity and binary structure were key to enhancing waterpermeability in the fibrous membranes. These binary structured micro-nanofibrous membranes are expected to be used forfiltration, separation, health care, oil/water separation, medical wound dressings, and other applications.

SPEED UP EXECUTION OF PARALLEL LOOP

Wang Yi He,Wang Zhen Yu,Sun Tong,Guo Fu Shun 대한전자공학회 1992 대한전자공학회 Conference Vol.1992 No.2