강원지역 태권도 대중화를 위한 태권도 민간시설 운영 실태에 관한 연구

나윤수,김희철,김륭희 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.20 No.1

The question survey on the realities of the T'aekwondo facilities under private management result in a quarter tendency respond to better the male teacher than schoolmistress. After all, for popularization, the policy make an incentive offer to the male teacher better than schoolmistress consider, therefore ratio of female and male teacher is equal. The survey about type of facilities occupies an entire private management and the T'aekwondo facilities rely on private management because corporate, public and office facilities are not nearly. So, urgent questionsan make use of auxiliary organ of a university and public, office facilities. An aspect of facilities and equipment, significance test for the location depend on province and district result in somewhat discrepancy. That is, duty time of teacher depend on province better than district is somewhat much. T'aekwondo facilities and conditions for the location depend on province and district is somewhat discrepancy, but income of a month is no discrepancy. The period of duty better than other conditions an effect influence on income of a month. The most T'aekwondo teacher work on average 9 hours a day(about 46 %) and average duty period is between 2 and 3 year, if average duty period more than 4 years, tendency to workshop change or convert other types of business. therefore event is made from setting up concept of his whole workshop. The net payment, income of a month, most of teacher is between \1,000,000 and \1,200,000 , high frequency and the low income bracket better than other the kind of occupation. So, the system about payment based on ability and result, a bonus become established

평야지재배 조생종 벼의 이화학적 및 식미특성 분석

정진일,김기영,최윤희,최원영,고종철,오명규,홍하철,이승엽,이명철 한국국제농업개발학회 2004 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.16 No.4

평야지재배 적응 조생종 벼 품종의 선발 및 품종 육성의 기초 자료로 활용코자 극조생종(1품종)과 조생종(10품종) 및 준조생(3품종)등 총 14품종을 산간지(운봉)와 평야지(익산)에 지역별 표준재배법으로 공시한 결과, 1. 극조생종 및 조생종들은 감온성이 커 산간지에서 출수가 빠르나, 준조생종에 속하는 상미벼, 영덕34호, 히또메보레 등은 감광성이 감온성보다 커, 평야지재배에서 4일정도 빨리 출수하였다. 2. 수량성은 대부분의 품종들이 산간지재배에 비해 평야지 재배에서 높았고 대체로 출수가 빠른 품종일수록 지역간의 수량차가 크게 나타났으며, 출수가 다소 늦은 준조생종들은 산간지와 평야지의 재배에서 수량차가 크지 않아 산간지 뿐만 아니라 평야지에서도 적응성이 높았다. 3. 단백질함량은 숙기가 다소 늦은 품종일수록 낮은 경향을 보였고 산간지보다는 평야지에서 낮았으며, 품종간에는 오대벼, 운봉30호, 영덕34호, 신석조생, 상미벼 등이 함유량이 낮았다. 4. 식미치는 산간지재배가 평야지에 비해 보다 높게 나타났고, 출수가 늦을수록 높았으며, 지역간 차가 크게 나타난 품종은 극조생종인 키라라397이었고, 출수가 늦은 상미벼와 히또메보레는 차가 적었다. 5. 산온도와 수량과의 상관은 산간지에서만 영향이 있을 뿐 평야에서는 영향이 적고 일사량과 일조시수가 수량에 보다 상관성이 높았으며, 식미치는 적산온도와는 부의상관, 생육 일수와는 정상관을 보였다. This experiment was carried out to clarify the difference of rice yield and the quality of rice in southern plan area and in alpine area. Yield and quality of fourteen early varieties were investigated under the different transplanting dates and planting densities in southern plan area(Iksan) and in alpine area(Unbong). In the alpine area, extremely early variety and early varieties headed early compared to the plain area, but medium early varieties headed about 4 days late unlike the alpine area. The yield difference of most early varieties including Kilara 397 of extremely early flowering variety were greater in plain area than in alpine. The different of yield between plain and alpine area was less in varieties with Sinseogjosaeng, Odaebyeo, Akidagomachi, and Yeungdeuk34. The rate of protein was lower in plain area than alpine and more lately flowering than early, but palatability of milled rice was higher at the alpine area and more lately flowering varieties. Correlation coefficients between yield and meterological data during maturity, yield shower the significant correlation with integrated solar radiation and sunshine hours at cultured in southern plan area, but it showed only cumulative temperature in alpine area. Palatability of miller rice was positive correlation at growth duration but negative correlation at cumulative temperature.

Effects of propofol-induced autophagy against oxidative stress in human osteoblasts

Kim, Eun-Jung,Choi, In-Seok,Yoon, Ji-Young,Park, Bong-Soo,Yoon, Ji-Uk,Kim, Cheul-Hong The Korean Dental Society of Anesthsiology 2016 Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Vol.16 No.1

Background: Oxidative stress occurs during the aging process and other conditions such as bone fracture, bone diseases, and osteoporosis, but the role of oxidative stress in bone remodeling is unknown. Propofol exerts antioxidant effects, but the mechanisms of propofol preconditioning on oxidative stress have not been fully explained. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of propofol against $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative stress on a human fetal osteoblast (hFOB) cell line via activation of autophagy. Methods: Cells were randomly divided into the following groups: control cells were incubated in normoxia (5% $CO_2$, 21% $O_2$, and 74% $N_2$) without propofol. Hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) group cells were exposed to $H_2O_2\;(200{\mu}M)$ for 2 h, propofol preconditioning (PPC)/$H_2O_2$ group cells were pretreated with propofol then exposed to $H_2O_2$, 3-methyladenine (3-MA)/PPC/$H_2O_2$ cells were pretreated with 3-MA (1 mM) and propofol, then were exposed to $H_2O_2$. Cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated. Osteoblast maturation was determined by assaying bone nodular mineralization. Expression levels of bone related proteins were determined by western blot. Results: Cell viability and bone nodular mineralization were decreased significantly by $H_2O_2$, and this effect was rescued by propofol preconditioning. Propofol preconditioning effectively decreased $H_2O_2$-induced hFOB cell apoptosis. However, pretreatment with 3-MA inhibited the protective effect of propofol. In western blot analysis, propofol preconditioning increased protein levels of collagen type I, BMP-2, osterix, and TGF-${\beta}1$. Conclusions: This study suggests that propofol preconditioning has a protective effect on $H_2O_2$-induced hFOB cell death, which is mediated by autophagy activation.

Effects of remifentanil preconditioning on factors related to uterine contraction in WISH cells

Kim, Cheul-Hong,Lee, Sang-Hoon,Kim, Eun-Jung,Ahn, Ji-Hye,Choi, Eun-Ji,Yoon, Ji-Uk,Choi, In-Seok The Korean Dental Society of Anesthsiology 2019 Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Vol.19 No.6

Background: Preterm labor and miscarriage may occur in stressful situations, such as a surgical operation or infection during pregnancy. Pharyngeal and buccal abscess and facial bone fractures are inevitable dental surgeries in pregnant patients. Remifentanil is an opioid analgesic that is commonly used for general anesthesia and sedation. Nonetheless, no study has investigated the effects of remifentanil on amniotic epithelial cells. This study evaluated the effects of remifentanil on the factors related to uterine contraction and its mechanism of action on amniotic epithelial cells. Methods: Amniotic epithelial cells were preconditioned at various concentrations of remifentanil for 1 h, followed by 24-h lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure. MTT assays were performed to assess the cell viability in each group. The effects of remifentanil on factors related to uterine contractions in amniotic epithelial cells were assessed using a nitric oxide (NO) assay, western blot examinations of the expression of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE<SUB>2</SUB>), and RT-PCR examinations of the expression of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Results: Remifentanil did not affect viability and nitric oxide production of amniotic epithelial cells. Western blot analysis revealed that remifentanil preconditioning resulted in decreased expressions of NF-κB and PGE2 in the cells in LPS-induced inflammation, and a tendency of decreased COX2 expression. The results were statistically significant only at high concentration. RT-PCR revealed reduced expressions of IL-1β and TNF-α. Conclusions: Preconditioning with remifentanil does not affect the viability of amniotic epithelial cells but reduces the expression of factors related to uterine contractions in situations where cell inflammation is induced by LPS, which is an important inducer of preterm labor. These findings provide evidence that remifentanil may inhibit preterm labor in clinical settings.

Effect of Propofol Preconditioning on Hypoxic-Cultured Human Osteoblast

Yoon, Ji Uk,Shin, Sang Wook,Park, Bong Soo,Kim, Yong Ho,Woo, Mi Na,Yoon, Ji Young,Kim, Cheul Hong The Korean Dental Society of Anesthsiology 2014 Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Vol.14 No.2

Background: Angiogenesis has been recognized an essential precondition for osteogenesis. Because reduction and disruption of the blood supply to tissue cause tissue hypoxia, pathological bone loss affected by hypoxia often can occur in various clinical conditions. The effects of propofol on the process of osteogenesis have received little direct attention. Therefore, we investigated the effect of propofol on the growth and function of osteoblasts under hypoxic condition. Methods: After propofol (3, 30, $300{\mu}M$) preconditioning for 2 hours, hFOB 1.19 human osteoblast cells were cultured under 1 % oxygen tension for 48 hours. Using real time PCR and western blot analysis, we analyzed the expression of, BMP-2, TGF-${\beta}1$, type I collagen, osteocalcin, HIF-1s and Akt. Cell viability was also determined by MTT assay. Results: Propofol preconditioning on hypoxic-cultured osteoblast promoted the expressions of BMP-2, TGF-${\beta}1$, type I collagen and osteocalcin and induced hypoxia-mediated HIF-1 activation and the expression of Akt protein. Propofol with $300{\mu}M$ significant decreased cell viability compared to control. Conclusions: Clinically relevant concentrations of propofol are not cytotoxic to hypoxic osteoblasts in vitro. Propofol preconditioning on hypoxic-cultured osteoblast stimulates proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast through induced expression of BMP-2, TGF-${\beta}1$, type I collagen and osteocalcin. Propofol might promote angiogenesis and bone regeneration under hypoxic condition.

Comparative studies of skeletal muscle proteome and transcriptome profilings between pig breeds

Kim, Nam-Kuk,Park, Hye-Ran,Lee, Hwi-Cheul,Yoon, Duhak,Son, Eun-Suk,Kim, Yeun-Song,Kim, Se-Ra,Kim, Oun-Hyun,Lee, Chang-Soo Springer-Verlag 2010 Mammalian genome Vol.21 No.5

Awake intubation in a patient with huge orocutaneous fistula: a case report

Kim, Hye-Jin,Kim, So-Hyun,Kim, Tae-Heung,Yoon, Ji-Young,Kim, Cheul-Hong,Kim, Eun-Jung The Korean Dental Society of Anesthsiology 2017 Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Vol.17 No.4

Mask ventilation, the first step in airway management, is a rescue technique when endotracheal intubation fails. Therefore, ordinary airway management for the induction of general anesthesia cannot be conducted in the situation of difficult mask ventilation (DMV). Here, we report a case of awake intubation in a patient with a huge orocutaneous fistula. A 58-year-old woman was scheduled to undergo a wide excision, reconstruction with a reconstruction plate, and supraomohyoid neck dissection on the left side and an anterolateral thigh flap due to a huge orocutaneous fistula that occurred after a previous mandibulectomy and flap surgery. During induction, DMV was predicted, and we planned an awake intubation. The patient was sedated with dexmedetomidine and remifentanil. She was intubated with a nasotracheal tube using a video laryngoscope, and spontaneous ventilation was maintained. This case demonstrates that awake intubation using a video laryngoscope can be as good as a fiberoptic scope.

Spatial and temporal variabilities of spring asian dust events and their impacts on chlorophyll‐a concentrations in the western north pacific ocean

Yoon, Joo‐,Eun,Kim, Kitae,Macdonald, Alison M.,Park, Ki‐,Tae,Kim, Hyun‐,Cheol,Yoo, Kyu‐,Cheul,Yoon, Ho‐,Il,Yang, Eun Jin,Jung, Jinyoung,Lim, Jae‐,Hyun American Geophysical Union 2017 Geophysical Research Letters Vol. No.

Medical adhesive related skin injury after dental surgery

Kim, Tae-Heung,Lee, Jun-Sang,Ahn, Ji-Hye,Kim, Cheul-Hong,Yoon, Ji-Uk,Kim, Eun-Jung The Korean Dental Society of Anesthsiology 2018 Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Vol.18 No.5

An 87-year-old woman was referred for the extraction of residual teeth and removal of tori prior to prosthetic treatment. After surgery under general anesthesia, the surgical tape was removed to detach the bispectral index sensor and the hair cover. After the surgical tape was removed, skin injury occurred on the left side of her face. After epidermis repositioning and ointment application, a dressing was placed over the injury. Her wound was found to have healed completely on follow-up examination. Medical adhesive related skin injury (MARSI) is a complication that can occur after surgery and subjects at the extremes of age with fragile skin are at a higher risk for such injuries. Careful assessment of the risk factors associated with MARSI is an absolute necessity.

Propofol protects human keratinocytes from oxidative stress via autophagy expression

Yoon, Ji-Young,Jeon, Hyun-Ook,Kim, Eun-Jung,Kim, Cheul-Hong,Yoon, Ji-Uk,Park, Bong-Soo,Yu, Su-Bin,Kwak, Jin-Won The Korean Dental Society of Anesthsiology 2017 Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Vol.17 No.1

Background: The skin consists of tightly connected keratinocytes, and prevents extensive water loss while simultaneously protecting against the entry of microbial pathogens. Excessive cellular levels of reactive oxygen species can induce cell apoptosis and also damage skin integrity. Propofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol) has antioxidant properties. In this study, we investigated how propofol influences intracellular autophagy and apoptotic cell death induced by oxidative stress in human keratinocytes. Method: The following groups were used for experimentation: control, cells were incubated under normoxia (5% $CO_2$, 21% $O_2$, and 74% $N_2$) without propofol; hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$), cells were exposed to $H_2O_2$ ($300{\mu}M$) for 2 h; propofol preconditioning (PPC)/$H_2O_2$, cells pretreated with propofol ($100{\mu}M$) for 2 h were exposed to $H_2O_2$; and 3-methyladenine $(3-MA)/PPC/H_2O_2$, cells pretreated with 3-MA (1 mM) for 1 h and propofol were exposed to $H_2O_2$. Cell viability, apoptosis, and migration capability were evaluated. Relation to autophagy was detected by western blot analysis. Results: Cell viability decreased significantly in the $H_2O_2$ group compared to that in the control group and was improved by propofol preconditioning. Propofol preconditioning effectively decreased $H_2O_2$-induced cell apoptosis and increased cell migration. However, pretreatment with 3-MA inhibited the protective effect of propofol on cell apoptosis. Autophagy was activated in the $PPC/H_2O_2$ group compared to that in the $H_2O_2$ group as demonstrated by western blot analysis and autophagosome staining. Conclusion: The results suggest that propofol preconditioning induces an endogenous cellular protective effect in human keratinocytes against oxidative stress through the activation of signaling pathways related to autophagy.