B-containing nanomaterial synthesis when a combustion wave moves within a packed bed of solid particles

Nersisyan, H.,Lee, T.H.,Yoo, B.U.,Kwon, S.C.,Suh, H.,Kim, J.G.,Lee, J.H. Elsevier [etc.] 2016 Combustion and Flame Vol.172 No.-

This study deals with combustion behavior of B<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>/Mg/NH<SUB>4</SUB>Cl/C complex systems for the synthesis of amorphous boron (B), boron carbide (B<SUB>4</SUB>C), and boron nitride (BN) nanostructures. The raw mixtures used in the experiments were prepared on the base of a B<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>-Mg precursor mixture, which is sufficiently exothermic to maintain a self-propagating regime of the combustion reaction. Thermodynamic analysis of the combustion temperatures and experimental validation indicate that the 1000-1500<SUP>o</SUP>C temperature range is very effective for synthesizing the nanostructures of B, B<SUB>4</SUB>C, and BN. It was found that B-containing functional nanostructures are mainly spherical nanoparticles (B) or nanosheets (B<SUB>4</SUB>C, BN). The phase composition and microstructural characteristics of the final products were evaluated based on the combustion temperature and solid/liquid phase changes.

腫瘍免疫療法 : 特히 胃癌을 中心으로

許景渤,金益洙,兪熙,閔珖植 順天鄕病院 1977 順天鄕醫報 Vol.2 No.1

Carcinoma is one of the most frequently observed malignant tumor in Korean patients. Result of surgery, for instance, in early stomach carcinomais encouraging and it is reported to be about 45% of five year survival rate but cases are few and rare. The majority of cases are that of either unresectable or metastatic regional lymphnode involvement of carcinoma. Their prognosis is poor. In those who had regional lymph node metastasis two year and three year survival rates are reported tobe each 37.1% and 17.9% respectively. Development of tumor immunology of the malignant disease made us greatly interested on the immunotheraly on the post resection stomach carcinoma. Studies on immunological competency by way of D.N.C.B. skin test started from 1971 and few cases those who may understand the new development of additional immuno therapy were selecter for B.C.G. innoculation after the subtotal gastrectomy. Recently monitering of peripheral thymus depentent lymphocytes (T-cell) count were undertaken to correlate the clinical course of the patients with the immunotherapy. In order to evaluate the immunological competency of healthy and all kind of malignant deseases of different stages, study with D.N.C.B. sensitization was undertaken in 264 cases. In healthy men of 53, only one man showed anergy, this anergic man is still healthy after three year observation. Table 1 further demonstrate the incedence of D.N.C.B. anergy in each group of patients, it notes that the unresectable malignant patients showed anergy 77 out of 105 cases(73.3%). From the D.N.C.B. sensirtization studies it may be clear to state that patient's immunological competency inthe malignant disease is severly deteriorated in the advanced tumo patients. The peripheral T-cell count also showed that the advanced malignant patients had lower T-cell count and it is progressively decreasing at the terminal stage(Table 2). In few cases who has B.C.G. after the subtotal gastrectomy the T-cell count are increasing after the treatment(Table 4). In 1971 five partients received B.C.G. therapy after the subtotal gastrectomy and three patients are sill living well. These 5 had all regional lymph node metastasis. The usual three year survival ratein similar patients is about 17 to 20%. Number of B.C.G. cases are not sufficient to a statistical significance but it may suggest a good deal of implication. Chance of two year survival after the B.C.G. therapy may be also far better than non-B.C.G.group(Table 5). The immunotherapy on malignant patients may be controversial, and yet we understand that the malignant tumor patients had impared immunity or immnological ability and that B.C.G. or immunotherapy may be effective on microscopic malignant lesion. In a selected case an immunotherapy after subtotal gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma may offer a beneficial effects on clinical course of the disease.

산란간격을 단축시킨 오스트랄롭 선발계통에서 주요 조직적합성 복합 ( MHC ) 과 생산형질의 관련성

유병현,( B . H . Yoo,B . L . Sheldon ) 한국축산학회 1998 한국축산학회지 Vol.40 No.5

Frequencies of three major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotypes (B^(8a) B^(9a) and B^(21)) segregating in three Australorp lines of the same origin were compared. Frequencies of B^(8a) and B^(9a) were higher in the AS line selected mainly for short oviposition interval than the AC line, a randombred control line. Frequencies of B^(9a) and B^(21) were higher in the ASS line, a commercial dam line derived from the AS line, than in the AS line itself. The differences in MHC haplotype frequency between the AS and AC tine were consistent with within-line estimates of the effect of the MHC on oviposition interval. However, the differences between the AS and ASS line could not be explained in terms of the effects of the MHC on the characters included in the selection criteria. It was suggested that interplay between a difference in susceptibility to avian leukosis virus (ALV) between MHC haplotypes and selection on a character affected by ALV infection could have been a contributing factor. The average effects of haplotype substitution (relative to B^(8a)) estimated within lines were consistent over the two selection lines for some characters (e.g. pooled estimates for oviposition interval were -0.11 h and 0.09 h for B^(9a) and B^(21), respectively), but different between the two lines for some other characters such as rate of lay, fertility and hatchability.

刊內膽石症의 分類 및 手術法

許景渤,兪熙,金益洙,閔珖植 順天鄕病院 1976 順天鄕醫報 Vol.1 No.1

Intera-hepatic calculi, whech is a kind of gall stones found in the liver ducts, are frequently encountered during a surgical intervention of cholelithiasis at Korea. It has also been frequently observed in the South-Eastern area of Asia against its rarity in the States. Arather high incidence, perplexing clinical manifestations, controversial surgical treatment and a high reccurrence after an operative treatment are the common features. Dye-dilution operative cholangiogram may help to demonstrate a good delineation of the intra-hepatic calculi due to a sufficient amount of diluted dye (Hypaque) injection. Through this technic it is learned that the intra-hepatic calculi are frequently associated with ductal stenosis and the calculi are often retained in the intra-hepatic ducts proximal to the stenosis. Intrahepatic calculi are classified into 6 different types. As shown in the table, simple intrahepatic calculi are not associated with stenosis. Compound intrahepatic calculi are those that associated with stenosis of duct in some part of the liver, and according to the location of the stenosis drainage function of the corresponding liver segment may be disturbed and they are further subdivided. Type B-1. has stenosis in hepatic hilum. Type B-2. has stenonsis in left lobe of liver. Type B-3. has stenosis in right lobe of liver. difference between posterior and anterior segment of right lobe is clear and it is again divided into type. B-3-A and type B-3-P. Type B-4. has stenosis in both lobes of liver. According to the classified type of intrahepatic calculi surgical treatment may be individualized. Simple intrahepatic calculi are well treated by the conventional By-pass operation. But compound intrahepatec calculi are not responding well to the ordinary By-pass operation. In the compound intrahepatic calculi, drainage operation must be done at a point proximal to the stenosis. In the type B-1. hepatic hilum had to be exposed and Roux-en-Y hepatico-jejunost-omy was done. This 21-years-old man is doing well for over 8 years. In the type B-2. initial operation was Roux-en-Y choledocho-jejunostomy for multiple bilobar intrahepatic calculi, at the time of first operation. It was not aware of the presence of the left hepatic stenosis. 3 months later patient had recurrent pain and fell into a shock. Finally patient underwent partial left hepatec lobectomy and Roux-en-Y hepatico-jejunostomy. In the type B-3. Operative cholangiogram shows marked stenosis of right intrahepatic duct with stones. Cholecystectomy was done and Roux-en-Y type anastomosis between jejunum and side of common bile duct was done first. Dilated right intrahepatic duct was exposed and side to side hepatico-jejunostomy was added. Compound intrahepatic calculi of type B-3-p, where there would be no reasonal drainage operation, hepatec lobectomy may be indicated. Compound intrahepatic calculi of type B-4, are not primarily surgical subjicts but depedend on size of the calculi and patency of the stenosis, some small calculi may be expected to be drained into intestinal lumen and few patients were thus managed. In view of our clinical experiences, convevtional by-pass operation is worth only in the simple type of intrahepatic calculi, and in the compound intrahepatic calculi, operation must be all individualized. Compound type of B-3-P and B-4, however, are not entirely surgical problens.Rescent knowledge of cholesterol gall stone formation and possibility to dissolve it may potentiate management of residual calculi in near furture. Intrahepatec calculi are uaually pigmented stone and pathogenesis must be further investigated.

비육돈에 미생물제제 급여시 분뇨 특성에 미치는 효과

곽정훈,최동윤,박치호,김재환,정광화,양창범,유용희,천현식,라창식,Kwag, J.H.,Choi, D.Y.,Park, Ch.H.,Kim, J.H.,Jeong, K.H.,Yang, Ch.B.,Yoo, Y.H.,Chen, H.S.,La, C.S. 한국축산환경학회 2007 축산시설환경학회지 Vol.13 No.3

본시험은 비육돈사료에 미생물제제를 사료에 미생물제제 A 및 B 0.1 미생물제제 C를 0.2% 혼합 급여할 경우 사료섭취량 및 돈분의 오염물질 배설농도에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위하여 4처리$\times$반복당 5두로서 총 20두를 공시하여 실시하였는데 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 비육돈의 일일 평균사료섭취량은 대조구 3.15 kg/일.두였고 미생물A, B, C구는 각각 3.14kg/일/두, 3.31, 3.42로 미생물제제 C구에서 일일 사료섭취량이 가장 높게 조사되었으며(p<0.05), 2. 일일평균 음수량은 사료섭취량이 높았던 미생물 C구에서 3.95kg/일/두로 가장 높게 조사되었다(p<0.05). 3. 미생물제제 처리구별로 분뇨배설량은 사료섭취량이 높았던 미생물제제 C구에서 가장 많이 배설되는 것으로 조사되었으며(p<0.05), 돈뇨의 배설량도 미생물제제 C구에서 2.23kg/일/두에서 높았다(p<0.05). 4. 돈분뇨의 수분 함량은 및 비료성분인 T-N, $P_{2}O_{5}$, $K_{2}O$ 성분도 처리 간에 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다(p<0.05). 5. 돈분뇨의 평균 BOD 농도는 돈분의 경우 미생물제제 B, C제제 급여구가 유의적으로 높게 조사되었다(p<0.05). 그리고 돈뇨의 BOD의 경우에는 대조구에서 $8,657.5mg/{\ell}$로 가장 높은 것으로 조사되었다(p<0.05). 6. COD 농도는 대조구에서 가장 높게 조사되었으며(p<0.05). 돈뇨의 경우에는 미생물제제 A급여구에서 평균 $9,545mg/{\ell}$로 가장 높았다(p<0.05). 7. SS 농도는 미생물제제 B급여구에서 가장 높게 조사되었으며(p<0.05), 돈분뇨중의 T-N 농도는 처리구간에 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않았다(p<0.05). 그리고 T-P 농도의 경우에는 미생물제제 C급여구에서 유의적인 차이가 나는 것으로 조사되었다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과를 요약해보면 비육돈에 미생물제제 혼합급여시 사료섭취량과 음수량을 증가시키는데 효과가 있는 것으로 조사되었으나, 비료성분 배설량에는 큰 차이를 보이지 않는 것으로 조사되었으나, BOD 등 오염물질농도의 경우에는 미생물제제 A급여구에서 가장 낮게 조사되어 비육돈사료에 미생물제제 급여시 오염물질 저감효과가 있는 것으로 조사되었다. Study for the effect of three different microbial feed additives(henceforth MA-A, MA-B, and MA-C) on feed coversion rate, and physical and chemical characteristics of swine finisher was conducted. MA-B had higher number of Lactobacillus spp. and yeast, compared to any other. The amylase activity of MA-B was also higher than any other. The daily feed intake rates of pigs fed control, MA-A, MA-B and MA-C were 3.15, 3.14, 3.31 and 3.42 kg, respectively. MA-C had the highest weight gain. However, there was no significant difference between treatments. The weights of feces daily excreted by pigs fed control, MA-A, MA-B, and MA-C were 2.14, 2.02, 2.18, and 2.23 kg/day, respectively. The volume of urine daily excreted by pigs fed control, MA-A, MA-B, and MA-C were 3.14, 3.26, 3.27, and $3.41\;{\ell}/day$, respectively. Water content, T-N, $P_{2}O_{5}$, and $K_{2}O$ in swine manure were not significantly different between treatments. The BOD were between 42,576 and $67,450\;mg/{\ell}$ for feces and were between 5,882.5 and $8,657.5\;mg/{\ell}$ for urine, respectively. The SS were between 138,000 and $180,000\;mg/{\ell}$ for feces and were between 875.0 and $1450.0mg/{\ell}$ for urine, respectively.

육성돈에 미생물제제 급여시 분뇨 특성에 미치는 효과 연구

곽정훈,최동윤,박치호,김재환,정광화,양창범,유용희,라창식,Kwag, J.H.,Choi, D.Y.,Park, Ch.H.,Kim, J.H.,Jeong, K.H.,Yang, Ch.B.,Yoo, Y.H.,La, C.S. 한국축산환경학회 2007 축산시설환경학회지 Vol.13 No.1

본 시험은 육성돈 사료에 미생물제제를 사료에 미생물제제 A 및 B 0.1 미생물제제 C를 0.2% 혼합 급여할 경우 사료섭취량 및 돈분의 오염물질 배설농도에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위하여 4처리$\times$반복당 5두로서 총 20두를 공시하여 실시하였는데 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 육성비육돈의 일일 평균사료섭취량은 대조구 2.06kg/일.두였고 미생물 A, B, C 구는 각각 2.13kg/일.두, 2.17, 2.34로 미생물제제 C구에서 일일 사료섭취량이 가장 높게 조사되었으며(p<0.05), 2. 일일평균 음수량은 사료섭취량이 높았던 미생물 C구에서 2.89kg/일/두로 가장 높게 조사되었다(p<0.05). 3. 미생물제제 처리구별로 분뇨 배설량은 사료섭취량이 높았던 미생물제제 C 구에서 가장 많이 배설되는 것으로 조사되었으며 (0<0.05), 돈뇨의 배설량도 미생물제제 C구에서 2.31kg/일/두에서 높았다(p<0.05). 4. 육성돈의 성장단계별 돈분뇨의 수분 함량은 및 비료성분인 T-N, $P_2O_5,\;K_2O$ 성분도 처리간에 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다(p<0.05). 5. 육성돈 분뇨의 평균 BOD 농도는 돈분의 경우 미생물제제 A, B제제 급여구가 유의적으로 높게 조사되었다(p<0.05). 그리고 돈뇨의 BOD의 경우에도 미생물제제 A급 여구에서 $6,537mg/\ell$로 가장 높은 것으로 조사되었다(p<0.05). 6. COD의 경우에도 미생물 C급여구에서 가장 높게 조사되었으며(p<0.05). 돈뇨의 경우에는 미생물제제 A급여구에서 평균 $8,566mg\ell$로 가장 높았다(p<0.05). 7. SS 농도는 대조구에서 가장 높게 조사 되었으며(p<0.05), 그 다음이 미생물 B> 미생물 C> 대조구 순으로 조사되었다. 8. 돈분뇨중의 T-N 농도는 처리구간에 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않았다(p<0.05). 9. 돈분중의 T-P 농도는 미생물제제 처리 구간별로 미생물제제 A, C 급여구에서 유의적인 차이가 나는 것으로 조사되었다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과를 요약해보면 육성돈에 미생물제제 혼합급여는 사료섭취량을 증가시키는데 효과가 있으나 비료성분 배설량에는 큰 차이를 보이지 않는 것으로 조사되었으며, 오염물질 배설량의 경우에는 사료섭취량이 높은 미생물제제 C 급여구에서 높은 것으로 조사되었다. The effects of microbial feedstuff additives on feed conversion rate and physical and chemical characteristics of excreta in growing pigs were investigated. Three different products (A, B and C) were compared. Microbial population tests showed B contained higher numbers of total bacteria, Lactobacillus spp. and yeasts. The amylase activity of B was also higher than that of A and C. The daily feed intake rates fer control, A, B and C were 2.06, 2.13, 2.17 and 2.34 kg, respectively. Pigs feed product C had the highest liveweight gain(2.89 kg). However, the results of feed conversion rate were not significantly different between treatments. Amount of faces excreted for control, A, B and C was 1.18, 1,19, 1.23 and 1.32 kg, respectively. Urine volume for control, A, B, and C was 1.91, 1.80, 2.19 and 2.31 kg respectively. Moisture content, T-N, $P_2O_5$ and $K_2O$ in pig manure were not significantly different between treatments. The range of BOD values was 63,453 to $73,758mg/\ell$ for faeces, and 5,678 to $7,428mg/\ell$, for urine. SS values of solid and liquid excreta ranged from 142,200 to 176,000 and from 710 to $1,025mg/\ell$, respectively.

혈청 HBV bDNA 음성이나 간기능검사 이상을 보인 만성 B형 간염 환자들의 임상상

김상진 ( S. J. Kim ),박중원 ( J. Park ),김진희 ( J. H. Kim ),홍요한 ( Y. H. Hong ),정혜령 ( H. R. Jung ),김형준 ( H. J. Kim ),도재혁 ( J. H. Do ),유병철 ( B. C. Yoo ),박실무 ( S. M. Park ) 대한소화기학회 2002 대한소화기학회 춘계학술대회 Vol.2002 No.-

<목적> B형 간염바이러스(HBV)의 증식이 억제되면 만성 B형 간염의 활동성은 감소되며 이러한 이유에서 라미뷰딘과 같은 항바이러스제들을 치료제로 사용하고 있다. 그러나 HBV의 혈중 농도는 낮으나 간기능검사 이상을 보이는 만성 B형 간염 환자들이 상당수 있어 그 원인 규명이 필요한 실정이다. 이에 연구자들은 혈청 HBV branched DNA(bDNA) 음성인 만성 B형 간염 환자들을 대상으로 간 기능검사 이상과 관련될 수 있는 임상적 원인들을 조사하

혈액검체로부터 분리된 황색포도구균의 독소유전자형 및 PFGE 분석

이영선,차정옥,정영희,최연화,양숙자,김홍빈,유재일,김봉수 국립보건연구원 2000 국립보건원보 Vol.37 No.-

Self-templated synthesis of hollow silica microspheres using Na2SiO3 precursor

Yoo, B. U.,Han, M. H.,Nersisyan, H. H.,Yoon, J. H.,Lee, K. J.,Lee, J. H. Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam. 2014 Microporous and mesoporous materials Vol.190 No.-

A facile synthesis method has been developed to directly convert solid Na2SiO3 hollow microspheres into non-aggregated hollow SiO2 microspheres at ambient pressure and temperature. An initial dispersion of Na2SiO3 microspheres (mean diameter: 10-50 mu m) in ethanol was prepared, and subsequent hydrolysis of Na2SiO3 was performed using a HCl solution. Other precipitants such as ammonium salts (NH4Cl, (NH4)(2)SO4) and boron oxide (B2O3) were also tested. The characteristics of the synthesized hollow microspheres were investigated in detail by thermogravimetric analysis, field emission scanning electron microscopy, N-2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, and X-ray diffraction. The as-prepared SiO2 microspheres were hollow with diameters between 10 and 50 mu m. The surface area of these microspheres, determined by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis, was in the range 193-288 m(2) g(-1). Using the proposed method, the size and shape of the obtained silica microspheres are largely determined by the size of low-cost and environmentally friendly precursor sodium silicate microspheres. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Strain path effects on the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of Zr702

Cao, W.Q.,Yu, S.H.,Chun, Y.B.,Yoo, Y.C.,Lee, C.M.,Shin, D.H.,Hwang, S.K. Elsevier 2005 Materials science & engineering. properties, micro Vol.395 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>A commercial-purity Zr702 was grain-refined from 20μm to 0.2–0.5μm by equal channel angular pressing. Grain refinement was most evident in the first pass but was insignificant during the subsequent passes. Two microstructural characteristics evolved: a lamellar structure and an equiaxed subgrain structure during the route A pressing and the route B<SUB>C</SUB> pressing, respectively. Due to the rotation of specimen in between passes, two sets of geometrically necessary boundaries were formed during the route B<SUB>C</SUB> pressing. The mechanism of grain refinement during the route A pressing was evolution of high-angle geometrically necessary boundaries from the low-angled ones, while that during the route B<SUB>C</SUB> pressing was decomposition and rearrangement of pre-existing boundaries. The yield stress of severely deformed specimens increased with the reducing grain size according to a Hall–Petch relationship.</P>