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S.D. Rats를 이용 1, 1-Dichloro-1-fluoroethane의 아민성 흡입독성 연구
김현영,이성배,임철홍,김철우,점용현,한정희,전윤석,최수영,강대봉,이용묵 한국환경독성학회 2002 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.17 No.1
There were no specific effects for test materials on Sprague-Dawley (S.D.) rats in clinical symptoms, amounts of food intakes, weight changes, laboratory findings, and pathology after whole body l, l-Dichloro-1 -fluoroethane (used as coolant, metal cleaner and solvents) exposure(0, 1,500, 3,000, and 6,000 ppm) for 13 weeks (6 hour/day, 5 days/week). However, the loss of capillary vessels in eyeball (pupil) was observed in a female rat among 6,000 ppm group. Though there was a tendency for MCHC (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration) in rat to be decreased (p<0.05), it was not regarded as abnormal because the values were within normal limits. In asthma-stimulation related evaluations, there was also a tendency for inflammatory cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavages to be increased. But it had no statistical significance, and also no dependency on sex and the exposed concentration. Based on this result, the non observed effect level (NOEL) induced by 1, 1-Dichloro-l -fluoroethene inhalation was evaluated in groups with 3,000 ppm below (S .D. Rats, 13 weeks). Finally, it was concluded that the short term exposal of 1, 1-Dichloro-l-fluoroethane is not considered as a asthma stimulant by inhalation despite of some study limitations such as test animals use and short-term exposure .
개원의의 진료의뢰시 기대요인 및 만족도에 관한 연구 : 협력병원체제 여부를 중심으로
김동일,김해준,윤석준,문영배 한국의료QA학회 2002 한국의료질향상학회지 Vol.9 No.2
Background : This research, as a part of improving management process of college hospital in this rapidly changing circumstances, is searching for the actual state of private clinics referring patients to referral center including college hospitals. Methods : This research examined the sense of satisfaction and requesting degree in using referral center and by analyzing the correlation and differences among factors such as primary factors regarded as selecting ones in referring patients to a referral center in college hospital and expecting factors expected to be supported to patients and cooperative hospitals. Results : The main researched results are as follows. First, as for the primary factors, the differences between cooperative and uncooperative hospitals revealed the fact that choosing target hospital in accordance with cooperative relation and convenient process in referring patients are important. Second, satisfaction rates, analyzed from the paired t-test revealed kindness and convenience as the top priorities, while sending patients back again and benefit of supporting such as the use of facilities were revealed as the least satisfactory aspects, despite the fact that they should be fulfilled through actual service. Conclusion : The recognition of the practitioner is examined and analyzed in this research by examining primary factors in selecting college hospitals, expecting factors expected to be supported to patients and satisfaction degree, which are expected to be used as basic materials for the development of referral center of college hospitals.
대장암 주변에서 관찰되는 백색반점의 병리조직학적 특성과 임상적 의의
김효종,조진만,장린,동석호,김윤화,장영운,박일랑,김병호,이정일 대한소화기내시경학회 1999 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.19 No.4
Background/Aims: To investigate the difference between colorectal adenocarcinomas with white spots (foamy cells) and those without white spots, clinically and histopathologically, were examined 37 cases of colorectal adenocarcinomas were classified in this study. Methods: Two groups: those with white spots and those without. In each case, evidence of lymph node and liver metastasis was sought. Immunoreactive staining for macrophage was performed. Results: Increased incidence of exophytic tumors was found (73%, p=0.028) in the group with white spots. The incidences of lymph node metastasis were 33% vs. 45% between the group with white spots and the group of without, but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions: These results suggested that foamy cells might have a beneficial role in colorectal cancer, although they were not statistically significant. Therefore, further prospective study be warranted.
Yoon, Jhin-Yeong,Na, Eun Jae,Lee, Seok Jae,Kim, Young Kwan,Yoon, Seung Soo American Scientific Publishers 2015 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.15 No.2
<P>We have designed and synthesized three blue emitters based on 9-naphthylanthracene derivatives connected with various electron-withdrawing group such as 4-fluorobenzene, 2,4-difluorobenzene and 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzene (1-3). Multilayered OLEDs with the structure of ITO (180 nm)/NPB (50 nm)/Blue materials 1-3 (30 nm)/TPBi (15 nm)/Liq (2 nm)/AI (100 nm) have been fabricated to investigate their electroluminescent properties. In particular, the device using 3 showed efficient blue electroluminescent properties with a luminous, power, external quantum efficiency and CIE coordinates of 0.71 cd/A, 1.98 Im/W, 1.34% at 20 mA/cm2 and (x = 0.16, y = 0.20) at 10.0 V, respectively. In addition, a deep blue OLED using 1 with CIE coordinates (x = 0.15, y = 0.11) at 10.0 V exhibited a luminous, power, external quantum efficiency of 2.12 cd/A, 3.04 Im/W and 1.17% at 20 mA/cm2, respectively.</P>
히트파이프 난방 시스템 controller 개발에 관한 연구
윤석암(Seok-Am Yoon),윤정필(Jeong-Phil Yoon),차인수(In-Su Cha),윤영찬(Yeong-Chan Yoon) 전력전자학회 2003 전력전자학술대회 논문집 Vol.2003 No.11
국내 난방 시스템은 대부분 화석에너지를 열원으로 하는 온수순환방식이다. 화석에너지를 사용하기 때문에 난방 시스템 가동에서 발생되는 공해는 대기 오염의 여러 원인 중 하나이며 가동 효율도 떨어진다.<br/> 이러한 단점들을 보완하기 위하여 새롭게 보급되고 있는 난방 시스템 중 히프파이프를 이용한 난방시스템은 전기에너지를 열원으로 사용하는 청정에너지로서 기존 난방시스템 보다 40%의 에너지 절감 효과를 나타내고 있다. 본 논문은 전기에너지를 사용하는 히팅 시스템의 제어를 위하여 개발된 컨트롤러에 관한 것이다.
Jun Yeong Seok,Gun Hwan Kim,Jeong Hwan Kim,Un Ki Kim,Yoon Jang Chung,Seul Ji Song,Jung Ho Yoon,Kyung Jin Yoon,Min Hwan Lee,Kyung Min Kim,Cheol Seong Hwang IEEE 2012 IEEE electron device letters Vol.33 No.4
<P>Resistance switching behaviors in a Pt/In<SUB>2</SUB>Ga<SUB>2</SUB> ZnO<SUB>7</SUB> (IGZO)/TiO<SUB>2</SUB>/Pt sample were examined for their potential use in diode-free memory integration. The In-Ga-Zn-O (IGZO) layer worked as the semiconductor layer, exhibiting accumulation or depletion of carriers depending on the polarity of the bias. Electroforming was possible only under the IGZO depletion condition due to the limited background leakage current flow. The repeated set/reset operation was also observed under the depletion condition. While the reset was possible, set was impeded by the high background current flow of the IGZO layer under the accumulation condition.</P>