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Yasuhiro Sadanaga,Tadashi Kobashi,Akie Yuba,Shungo Kato,Yoshizumi Kajii,Akinori Takami,Hiroshi Bandow 한국대기환경학회 2015 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.9 No.4
We conducted intensive observations of ozone, CO, NOx (=NO and NO2), NOy (total odd nitrogen species including particulate nitrate) and total nitrate (the sum of gaseous HNO3 and particulate nitrate) at Cape Hedo, Okinawa, Japan, from 19 March to 3 April, 2009, to investigate ozone production during long-range transport from the Asian continent. Ozone production efficiency (OPE) was used to evaluate photochemical ozone production. OPE is defined as the number of molecules of ozone produced photochemically during the lifetime of a NOx molecule. OPE is calculated by the ratio of the concentration increase of ozone to that of NOz (= NOy -NOx). Average OPE during observation was estimated to be 12.6±0.5, but concentrations of ozone increased nonlinearly with those of NOz. This non-linearity suggests that OPE depends on air mass origin and NOz concentrations. There were very different values of OPE for the same air mass origin, so that only the air mass origin alone does not control OPE. OPE was low when NOz concentration was high. We examined the correlation between NOz and CO/NOy ratios, which we used instead of the ratio of nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) to NOx. The CO/NOy ratios decreased with increasing NOz concentrations. These results indicate that competition reactions of OH with NMHCs and NO2 are the rate determining steps of photochemical ozone production during longrange transport from the Asian continent to Cape Hedo, for high concentrations of nitrogen oxides.
Haruhisa Kato,Makiko Naito,Tomoko Saito,Takuto Hideyama,Yasuhiro Suzuki,Takashi Kimura,Shin Kwak,Hitoshi Aizawa 대한신경과학회 2022 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.18 No.4
Background and Purpose Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal motor neuron disease. Selective deficiency of edited adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 2 (ADAR2), a key molecule in the acquisition of Ca2+ resistance in motor neurons, has been reported in sporadic ALS (sALS) spinal motor neurons. Since ADAR2 activity is positively regulated by prolyl isomerase Protein never in mitosis gene A interacting-1 (Pin1), a known phosphorylation-dependent peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase, we investigated Pin1 expression in spinal motor neurons in sALS. Methods Specimens of the spinal cord were obtained from the lumbar region in eight sALS patients and age-matched five controls after postmortem examinations. The specimens were double stained with anti-Pin1 and anti-TAR DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43) antibodies, and examined under a fluorescence microscope. Results This study analyzed 254 and 422 spinal motor neurons from 8 sALS patients and 5 control subjects, respectively. The frequency of motor neurons with high cytoplasmic Pin1 expression from the spinal cord did not differ significantly between sALS specimens without cytoplasmic TDP-43 inclusions and control specimens. However, in sALS specimens, neurons for which the Pin1 immunoluminescence intensity in the cytoplasm was at least twice that in the background were more common in specimens with cytoplasmic TDP-43 inclusions (p<0.05 in χ2 test). Conclusions In sALS, neurons with higher expression levels of Pin1 levels had more TDP-43 inclusions. Despite the feedback mechanism between Pin1 and ADAR2 being unclear, since Pin1 positively regulates ADAR2, our results suggest that higher Pin1 expression levels in motor neurons with TDP-43 pathology from sALS patients represent a compensatory mechanism
Ryo Harada,Hironari Kato,Soichiro Fushimi,Hirofumi Inoue,Daisuke Uchida,Yutaka Akimoto,Takeshi Tomoda,Kazuyuki Matsumoto,Yasuhiro Noma,Naoki Yamamoto,Shigeru Horiguchi,Koichiro Tsutsumi,Hiroyuki Okada 대한소화기내시경학회 2019 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.52 No.4
Background/Aims: We applied a back light system (BLS) with a magnifying glass to improve the ability to assess the adequacy ofspecimen sampling using endosonography. We conducted this study to evaluate the effcacy of the BLS in sampling of specimens byendoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration of solid pancreatic masses. Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, crossover, single-center clinical trial. An endosonographer evaluated adequacy on grossvisual inspection and identified whitish specimen sampling sites with and without the BLS according to a randomization sequence inthe first and second passes with a 25-G needle. On cytological evaluation, the presence of well-defined pancreatic ductal epithelium wasevaluated by a cytopathologist who was blinded to any clinical information. Results: A total of 80 consecutive patients were eligible during the study period. Adequacy was observed for 52 specimens (65%) withthe BLS and 54 (68%) without the BLS (p=0.88). In assessment of specimen adequacy on gross examination, only fair agreement wasobserved both with and without BLS (kappa score 0.40 and 0.29, respectively). Conclusions: The BLS did not influence the ability to identify specimen sampling sites or reliable assessment of specimen site adequacyusing gross visual inspection.
Yozo Sato,Shigeru Matsushima,Yoshitaka Inaba,Tsuyoshi Sano,Hidekazu Yamaura,Mina Kato,Yasuhiro Shimizu,Yoshiki Senda,Tsuneo Ishiguchi 대한영상의학회 2015 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.16 No.3
To retrospectively evaluate relative enhancement (RE) in the hepatobiliary phase of gadoxetic acid disodium-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging as a preoperative estimation of future remnant liver (FRL) function in a patients who underwent portal vein embolization (PVE). In 53 patients, the correlation between the indocyanine green clearance (ICG-K) and RE imaging was analyzed before hepatectomy (first analysis). Twenty-three of the 53 patients underwent PVE followed by a repeat RE imaging and ICG test before an extended hepatectomy and their results were further analyzed (second analysis). Whole liver function and FRL function were calculated on the MR imaging as follows: RE x total liver volume (RE Index) and FRL-RE x FRL volume (Rem RE Index), respectively. Regarding clinical outcome, posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) was evaluated in patients undergoing PVE. Indocyanine green clearance correlated with the RE Index (r = 0.365, p = 0.007), and ICG-K of FRL (ICG-Krem) strongly correlated with the Rem RE Index (r = 0.738, p < 0.001) in the first analysis. Both the ICG-Krem and the Rem RE Index were significantly correlated after PVE (r = 0.508, p = 0.013) at the second analysis. The rate of improvement of the Rem RE Index from before PVE to after PVE was significantly higher than that of ICG-Krem (p = 0.014). Patients with PHLF had a significantly lower Rem RE Index than patients without PHLF (p = 0.023). Relative enhancement imaging can be used to estimate FRL function after PVE.
The Japan Health Physics Society Guideline on Dose Monitoring for the Lens of the Eye
Yokoyama Sumi,Tsujimura Norio,Hashimoto Makoto,Yoshitomi Hiroshi,Kato Masahiro,Kurosawa Tadahiro,Tatsuzaki Hideo,Sekiguchi Hiroshi,Koguchi Yasuhiro,Ono Koji,Akiyoshi Masahumi,Kunugita Naoki,Natsuhori 대한방사선방어학회 2022 방사선방어학회지 Vol.47 No.1
Background: In Japan, new regulations that revise the dose limit for the lens of the eye (hereafter the lens), operational quantities, and measurement positions for the lens dose were enforced in April 2021. Based on the international safety standards, national guidelines, the results of the Radiation Safety Research Promotion Fund of the Nuclear Regulation Authority, and other studies, the Working Group of Radiation Protection Standardization Committee, the Japan Health Physics Society (JHPS) developed a guideline for radiation dose monitoring for the lens.Materials and Methods: The Working Group of the JHPS discussed the criteria of non-uniform exposure and the management criteria set not to exceed the dose limit for the lens.Results and Discussion: In July 2020, the JHPS guideline was published. The guideline consists of three parts: main text, explanations, and 26 examples. In the questions, the corresponding answers were prepared, and specific examples were provided to enable similar cases to be addressed.Conclusion: With the development of the guideline on radiation dose monitoring of the lens, radiation managers and workers will be able to smoothly comply with revised regulations and optimize radiation protection.
Iriyama, Aya,Fujiki, Ryoji,Inoue, Yuji,Takahashi, Hidenori,Tamaki, Yasuhiro,Takezawa, Shinichiro,Takeyama, Kenichi,Jang, Woo-Dong,Kato, Shigeaki,Yanagi, Yasuo American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bi 2008 The Journal of biological chemistry Vol.283 No.18
<P>Lipofuscin contains fluorophores, which represent a biomarker for cellular aging. Although it remains unsubstantiated clinically, experimental results support that the accumulation of lipofuscin is related to an increased risk of choroidal neovascularization due to age-related macular degeneration, a leading cause of legal blindness. Here, we report that a major lipofuscin component, A2E, activates the retinoic acid receptor (RAR). In vitro experiments using luciferase reporter assay, competitional binding assay, analysis of target genes, and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay strongly suggest that A2E is a bona fide ligand for RAR and induces sustained activation of RAR target genes. A2E-induced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in a human retinal pigment epithelial cell line (ARPE-19) and RAR antagonist blocked the up-regulation of VEGF. The conditioned medium of A2E-treated ARPE-19 cells induced tube formation in human umbilical vascular endothelial cells, which was blocked by the RAR antagonist and anti-VEGF antibody. These results suggest that A2E accumulation results in the phenotypic alteration of retinal pigment epithelial cells, predisposing the environment to choroidal neovascularization development. This is mediated through the agonistic function of A2E, at least in part. The results of this study provide a novel potential therapeutic target for this incurable condition.</P>
( Sakiko Hiraoka ),( Shiho Takashima ),( Toshihiro Inokuchi ),( Asuka Nakarai ),( Masahiro Takahara ),( Keita Harada ),( Yasuhiro Seki ),( Katsunori Watanabe ),( Jun Kato ),( Hiroyuki Okada ) 대한장연구학회 2019 Intestinal Research Vol.17 No.2
Background/Aims: Fecal calprotectin (Fcal) as well as the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) are useful biomarkers for detecting activity and mucosal healing in inflammatory bowel diseases. Here, we report the performance of simultaneous measurements of Fcal and FIT for ulcerative colitis (UC) patients using the newly-developed latex agglutination turbidimetric immunoassay (LATIA) system. Methods: Fcal and hemoglobin were measured by the LATIA system in 152 UC patients who underwent colonoscopy. Fcal was also quantified with a conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Fecal markers were evaluated in conjunction with the mucosal status of UC, which was assessed via the Mayo endoscopic subscore (MES) classification. Results: The LATIA system could quantify calprotectin and hemoglobin simultaneously with the same fecal samples within 10 minutes. The values of the Fcal-LATIA closely correlated with those of the Fcal-ELISA (Spearman rank correlation coefficient, r=0.84; P<0.0001). The values of Fcal for each assay and the FIT all significantly correlated with the MESs (Spearman rank correlation coefficient, Fcal-LATIA: r=0.58, Fcal-ELISA: r=0.55, and FIT: r=0.72). The mucosal healing predictability (determined by an MES of 0 alone) of the Fcal-LATIA, Fcal-ELISA, and FIT-LATIA with the cutoffs determined by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was 0.79, 0.78, and 0.92 for sensitivity, respectively, and 0.78, 0.69, and 0.73 for specificity, respectively. Conclusions: The performance of the novel Fcal-LATIA was equivalent to that of the conventional Fcal assay. Simultaneous measurements with FITs would promote the clinical relevance of fecal biomarkers in UC. (Intest Res 2019;17:202-209)