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Degradation of Hazardous Chemicals by Biological Activated Carbon Treatment
Okada,Mitsumasa 嶺南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1993 環境硏究 Vol.12 No.2
Biodegradation of hazardous organic chemicals in organic wastewater by attached bacteria on biological activated carbon (BAC) with adsorbability were evaluated in comparison with fine particles of support medium (granulated slug (GS), bentonite(BEN)) and conventional activated sludge process (AS) to elucidate the role of activated carbon on the improvement of the performance of biological/physical removal of hazardous chemicals from wastewater. Activated carbon did not improve the performance under steady state operation. Better performance was noted in BAC system under shock loading, increase in the concentration of phenolic waste, of hazardous wastewater than in AS and GS systems. This seemed to be referable to the stimulation of bacterial activity to decompose phenol by activated carbon and to the remaining capacity of adsorption to decrease extracellular concentration of phenol. m-aminobenzoic acid added into the phenolic wastewater was decomposed only in the system added with powdered activated into activated sludge. Biodegradation was unstable both in AS and BEN systems. Although bacterial activity to degrade m-aminobenzoic acid was enhanced in the BAC system, remarkable increase in viable count on the medium with m-aminobenzoic acid as a sole carbon source was not noted. Also, species composition seemed to be identical among BAC, BEN and AS systems. It seemed likely that activated carbon, in addition to the capacity of adsorption, stimulated indigenous bacterial activity without enhancing species succession or population growth to show better performance for biodegradation.
Nishijima, Wataru,Okada, Mitsumasa,Shoto, Eiji 嶺南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1996 環境硏究 Vol.16 No.1
ABSTRACTThe purposes of this study are to clarify the behavior of phosphorus in coagulation/sedimentation process, and to evaluate the effects of phosphorus addition into biological activated carbon (BAC) treatment on the biodegradation of organic substances. Conventional coagulation/sedimentation reduced phosphorus concentration to very low level, that is, 0.002 - 0.004 mg P.I'1 in water containing less than 0.063 mg P.1"1. In continuous experiment, the biodegradation rate of glucose in the BAC with adsorbed phosphorus before the start of operation was 5 times higher than that in the BAC without adsorbed phosphorus. The rate of increase in bacterial population was higher in the BAC with adsorbed phosphorus compared to the BAC without adsorbed phosphorus. The biodegradation rate of glucose in the BAC without adsorbed phosphorus increased significantly by addition of phosphorus into influent. Therefore, growth and biodegradation activity of attached bacteria on BAC was limited by phosphorus of low concentration in influent treated by coagulation/sedimentation. Adsorption of phosphorus on activated carbon before the start of operation and/or addition of phosphorus in influent will be effective to improve the biological activity on BAC.