http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Request and Question Perspective in Interlanguage Pragmatics
Sung Kyu Yun,Woo-hyun Jung 한국사회언어학회 2004 사회언어학 Vol.12 No.2
Yun, Sung Kyu & Jung, Woo-hyun. 2004. Request and Question Perspective in Interlanguage Pragmatics. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea, 12(2). This paper is an interlanguage pragmatic study of request and question perspective. It aims to explore whether there are any differences in request perspective between American English native speakers and Korean EFL learners. To this end, this study employed a Discourse Completion Test, which consisted of eight situations. Data were collected from three different groups: native speakers of English; Korean learners of English; native speakers of Korean. The results showed that the learners deviated from native pragmatic norms in the choice of perspective in a relatively systematic way. The same held even more obviously in the use of please in interacting with request perspective. It was also shown that the mismatch between the native and nonnative groups in perspective was an instance of pragmatic transfer. The results suggested that the notions of imposition and politeness operated differently in perspective between the native and nonnative groups. It is expected that this study will shed light on the phenomenon of interlanguage pragmatics and the aspect of pragmatic transfer, revealing how learners differ from native speakers with respect to request perspective and what causes the differences.
Choi, Dukhyun,Choi, Min-Yeol,Choi, Won Mook,Shin, Hyeon-Jin,Park, Hyun-Kyu,Seo, Ju-Seok,Park, Jongbong,Yoon, Seon-Mi,Chae, Seung Jin,Lee, Young Hee,Kim, Sang-Woo,Choi, Jae-Young,Lee, Sang Yoon,Kim, Jo WILEY-VCH Verlag 2010 ADVANCED MATERIALS Vol.22 No.19
<B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>The cover shows an image of fully rollable transparent nanogenerators synthesized using chemical vapor deposition grown large-scale graphene sheets as transparent electrodes and piezoelectric ZnO nanorod arrays. Sang-Woo Kim, Jae-Young Choi, and co-workers report on p. 2187 the electrical and structural stability of the nanogenerators, with excellent charge scavenging performance under external mechanical loads such as bending and rolling. This study shows that graphene-based nanogenerators are very promising for self-powered rollable transparent device applications. <img src='wiley_img_2010/09359648-2010-22-19-ADMA201090066-content.gif' alt='wiley_img_2010/09359648-2010-22-19-ADMA201090066-content'> </P>
A Black Metal-dielectric Thin Film for High-contrast Displays
Sang-Hwan Cho,Min-Kyo Seo,강주형,Jin-Kyu Yang,Sung-Yong Kang,KyuHwan Hwang,ByoungDuk Lee,Joon-Gu Lee,Young-Woo Song,JongHyuk Lee,이용희 한국물리학회 2009 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.55 No.2
We demonstrate a thin metal-dielectric structure that delivers low reflection and high absorption over the entire visible spectrum. The thin black film consists of SiO2/Cr/SiO2/Al layers deposited on a glass substrate. The measured reflectance and absorptance of the black film are 0.7% and 99.3%, respectively, when averaged over the range 380 – 780 nm. The total thickness of the black film is only about 220 nm, and it can be used as a thin absorbing layer for displays that require both broadband antireflection and high-contrast characteristics.
Design and analysis of the lens converting the spot light into the line light
Kyu-Man Choi,Yon-Sik Lee,Sang-Hun Lee,Yong-Woo Choi 대한전자공학회 2008 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2008 No.7
A CCFL which commonly used in the back light units for the LCD, possess very high brightness hence, was widely used as a line light source. However, the use of CCFL, caused for several environmental concerns since it contain highly toxic mercury, gradually replaced into a LED. But the LED is a spot light source, the dark area occurs in the surface of the back light units. In this paper, we proposed the lens that can convert the spot light into the line light and it can remove the dark area in the surface of the back light units. The lens is composed with the light condensation part and the light guiding part. The conditions obtained will be helpful to plan an optimum structure for such preparation.
Effect of In Vivo Embryo Production and Embryo Transfer Following Superovulation in Hanwoo
Sang-Rae Cho,Sun-Ho Choi,ChangYong Choe,Jun-Kyu Son,Soo-Ho Choi,Young-joo Kim,Poongyeon Lee,Yeoung-Gyu Ko,Sung-Heum Yeon,Jin-Woo Jung,Sung-Jae Kim,Yeon-Sub Jung,Nan-Hee Bok,Hyun-Jong Kim,Dong-Soo Son 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2010 발생공학 국제심포지엄 및 학술대회 Vol.2010 No.1
Kyu-Sang Kim,Han-Woo Kim 대한전자공학회 2007 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2007 No.7
Many search engines emerged to help users find information. Recent work in Question Answering has focused on web-based systems that extract a correct answers using by simple patterns. After the analysis of user question query sentence, these systems searched by various methods using the keyword-based search techniques on the web. This paper intruduce a methods to find documents that contained the correct answers to a given Korean natural language question query on the web. We present a method for specific modification that is made to convert user question query into useful query phrase by using the query type extraction and query paraphrase.
The Query Transformation Method using the Phrases Paraphrasing to Question-Answering System
Kyu-Sang Kim,Dong-Joo Kim,Han-Woo Kim 대한전자공학회 2009 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2009 No.7
Recent work in Question Answering has focused on web-based systems that extract a correct answers using by simple patterns or short transformation. One of the challenges is the potential mismatch between the expressions in questions and the expressions in text. After the analysis of user question query sentence, these systems searched by various methods using the keyword-based search techniques on the Web. This paper introduces a method of user query paraphrase to find sentence(s) that containing the correct answers to a given natural language question on the web. We present a method for specific modification that is made to convert user question into useful query (or query phrase) for the traditional web search engines by using the query type extraction and the query paraphrase.
An Extraction Method of Representative Patterns for QA
Sung-Hun Jung,Yong-Soo Seol,Dong-Joo Kim,Kyu-Sang Kim,Han-Woo Kim 대한전자공학회 2009 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2009 No.7
This paper proposes method to generate patterns which can represent documents. The proposed form of pattern consists of part-of-speech (POS) tags and surface words. The pattern can reflect linguistic information using POS tags. We make candidate patterns using N-gram. We extract top of the k patterns by proposed scoring measure using N-gram frequency and IDF. The proposed pattern extraction method can be applied to a QA system, and extract the representative patterns to an arbitrary question type.
Microparticles from kidney derived-mesenchymal stem cells improve viability of endothelial cell
( Woo Jeung Kim ),( Seung Kyo Park ),( Hoon Young Choi ),( Sung Kyu Ha ),( Hyeong Cheon Park ) 대한내과학회 2011 대한내과학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2011 No.1
Microparticles (MPs) act as vectors of bioactive molecules and disseminate biological information in the vascular compartment. MPs derived from kidney derived-mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) have been reported to ameliorate acute kidney injury. We carried out this study to investigate in vitro biologic effects of MSC-derived MP. MSC were cultured in hypoxic chamber in serum deprived MEM with hydrogen peroxide (200 uM) and MPs were isolated from supernatants by differential ultrafiltration (2,000x g, 10 min, 100,000x g, 1hr). In vitro cell viability and proliferative effects of MSC-derived MPs were assessed in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) using Ez-cytox assay and BrdU assay. Presence of MP was confirmed by electron microscopy and flow cytometry. Flow-cytometry of MP demonstrated the presence of several adhesion molecules shown to be expressed on MSC membrane. The cell viability of HUVEC was significantly increased in the presence of MSC-derived MP in dose-dependent manner (Figure 1A). However, MSC-derived MPs didn``t show the anti-apoptotic effects on HUVEC. The BrdU assay indicated that MSC-derived MPs increased the proliferation of HUVEC (Figure 1B). The present study demonstrates that MSC-derived MP may effect on the cell viability and proliferation of HUVEC.