Identifying a Cinnamoyl Coenzyme A Reductase (CCR) Activity with 4-Coumaric Acid: Coenzyme A Ligase (4CL) Reaction Products in Populus tomentosa

Dong-Dong Wang,Hua Bai,Wei-Qi Chen,Hai Lu,Xiang-Ning Jiang 한국식물학회 2009 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.52 No.5

A cinnamoyl coenzyme A reductase (CCR, EC 1.2.1.44), one of the key enzyme involved in lignin biosynthesis, was cloned from Populus tomentosa (Chinese white poplar). At the same time, a 4CL1 gene was cloned from P. tomentosa, too. The two genes were subcloned in pQE31 vector and expressed in Escherichia coli M15. Both of them were purified by Ni-NTA. Purified CCR protein was digested by trypsin and analyzed by HPLC-MS; the peptide segments had 27% similarity with the sequence of the CCR protein. 4CL was thought to be a neighbor enzyme of CCR in lignin biosynthesis. In this paper, a 4CL1 from P. tomentosa was cloned, and its enzyme reaction products were extracted for the substrates of CCR. Three 4CL1 enzyme reaction products were monitored by HPLC-MS and then the CCR enzyme reaction was detected by GC-MS. In the CCR reaction, the three corresponding aldehyde (p-coumaraldehyde, caffealdehyde, and coniferaldehyde) were detected and identified by Frontier3 software. The results showed that the CCR that we cloned from P. tomentosa had affinities with 4CL1 enzyme reaction products and a ptCCR that was cloned from aspen (Li et al., Plant Cell Physiol 46(7):1073–1082, 2005) only had affinity with feruloyl-CoA. The different results maybe depend on the different study method. The method of exacting 4CL enzyme products as the substrates of CCR in the paper was reliable and can be used in lignin biosynthesis network to detect the enzymes in the neighborhood that depended on the polarity of the substrates and products. This CCR gene had eight homology sequence CCR gene when a BLAST was conducted in Populus trichocarpa genome database. The CCR homology genes in Populus suggested that some CCRs may take part in the lignin biosynthesis, too. The gene family would be the hot spot in the future study.

Radiofrequency Ablation Combined with Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization Therapy Versus Surgical Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma within the Milan Criteria: A Meta-Analysis

Wei-dong Wang,Li-hua Zhang,Jia-Yan Ni,Xiong-ying Jiang,Dong Chen,Yao-ting Chen,Hong-liang Sun,Jiang-hong Luo,Lin-feng Xu 대한영상의학회 2018 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.19 No.4

Objective: To meta-analytically compare combined transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) plus radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and surgical resection (SR) for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) within the Milan criteria. Materials and Methods: PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for studies comparing these two therapies that were published between January 2006 and August 2017. Overall survival rate (OS), recurrence-free survival rate (RFS), major complications and the average length of hospital stay were compared between these two therapies. Metaanalytic pooled odds ratio (OR) was calculated using TACE plus RFA as the base category. Results: Seven case-control studies and one randomized trial were identified. Meta-analytic results revealed that, compared with SR, TACE plus RFA had significantly higher 1-year OS (OR for survival = 0.50, p = 0.009) and lower major complications (OR = 1.88, p = 0.02) after therapy. Three studies reported on the length of hospital stay. The average length ± standard deviation reported in individual studies for SR and TACE plus RFA groups was 19.8 ± 8.4 days and 7.4 ± 2.2 days, respectively; 18.7 ± 4.9 days and 11.5 ± 6.9 days, respectively; and 16.6 ± 6.7 days and 8.5 ± 4.1 days, respectively (p < 0.0001 for all studies). Three or 5-year OS and 1-, 3-, or 5-year RFS did not significantly differ between the two therapies. Conclusion: Combined TACE plus RFA may be an alternative to SR for the treatment of patients with HCC within Milan the criteria. Non-randomized design in most of the original studies was a limitation.

Analysis the role of arabidopsis CKRC6/ASA1 in auxin and cytokinin biosynthesis

Dong-Wei Di,Lei Wu,Pan Luo,Li Zhang,Tian-Zi Zhang,Xue Sun,Shao-Dong Wei,Chen-Wei An,Guang-Qin Guo 한국식물학회 2016 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.59 No.2

The crosstalk between auxin and cytokinin (CK) is important for plant growth and development, although the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we describe the isolation and characterization of a mutant of Arabidopsis Cytokinin-induced Root Curling 6 (CKRC6), an allele of ANTHRANILATE SYNTHASE ALPHA SUBUNIT 1 (ASA1) that encodes the á-subunit of AS in tryptophan (Trp) biosynthesis. The ckrc6 mutant exhibits root gravitropic defects and insensitivity to both CK and the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylicacid (ACC) in primary root growth. These defects can be rescued by exogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) or tryptophan (Trp) supplementation. Furthermore, our results suggest that the ckrc6 mutant has decreased IAA content, differential expression patterns of auxin biosynthesis genes and CK biosynthesis isopentenyl transferase (IPT) genes in comparison to wild type. Collectively, our study shows that auxin controls CK biosynthesis based on that CK sensitivity is altered in most auxin-resistant mutants and that CKs promote auxin biosynthesis but inhibit auxin transport and response. Our results also suggest that CKRC6/ASA1 may be located at an intersection of auxin, CK and ethylene metabolism and/or signaling.

Preparation and Characterization of Poly (vinylidene fluoride)/Graphene Oxide Composite Nanofiber for MF Application

Chen, Wei Dong,Jung, Hye Min,Jang, Won Gi,Hong, Byung Pyo,Byun, Hong Sik Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2013 Advanced materials research Vol.726 No.-

<P>In this paper, poly(vinylidene fluoride) nanofiber was prepared by an electrospinning method. Graphene oxide sheets was obtained via filtration from graphene oxide aqueous solution which synthesized by Hummers method. By sonication, a homogeneously dispersed and well distributed poly acylic acid and graphene oxide nanosheets solution were obtained, and this can be used to modify the neat poly (vinylidene fluoride) nanofiber membrane for not only increasing the hydrophilic properties but also improving the mechanical properties. The poly(vinylidene fluoride)/graphene oxide composite membrane was characterized by SEM, FT-IR, pore properties and mechanical properties. The composite membrane showed an appropriate pore size, excellent mechanical property comparing with pure poly(vinylidene fluoride) membrane. The results showed the membrane could be feasibly used as a MF membrane.</P>

拘禁場所巡视制度의 도입 및 拷問의 억제

???(Chen Wei-Dong),金昌遵(번역자) 동아대학교 법학연구소 2009 東亞法學 Vol.- No.43

Inspection of Detention is originated in Europe, and UN Committee against Torture has accelerated its global establishment by studying the institution and drafting relevant instruments. Liaoyuan City experimented the institution in order to further the study on it. Over 20 trained inspectors examined the places of detention in accordance with operating rules, interviewed randomly selected detainees and filled the forms of inspection. The external safeguarding mechanism can make the places of detention open and transparent. Its supervision is more independent because the inspectors are selected from the public. The institution is economical and thus easy to generalize. It covers wide spectrum and is able to prevent torture in greater areas. In China, foundation has been laid for the establishment of the institution: protection of human rights being incorporated in the Constitution, similar systems in laws and regulations, and ideas of public participation in judicial management. But when transplanting the institution into Chinese legal system, the selection of inspectors and check of their power should be paid great attention to, economic and conceptual difficulties should be overcome and the neutrality of places of detention should be elevated.

Asian Organization for Crohn’s and Colitis and Asia Pacific Association of Gastroenterology consensus on tuberculosis infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease receiving anti-tumor necrosis factor treatment. Part 1: risk assessment

( Dong Il Park ),( Tadakazu Hisamatsu ),( Minhu Chen ),( Siew Chien Ng ),( Choon Jin Ooi ),( Shu Chen Wei ),( Rupa Banerjee ),( Ida Normiha Hilmi ),( Yoon Tae Jeen ),( Dong Soo Han ),( Hyo Jong Kim ) 대한장연구학회 2018 Intestinal Research Vol.16 No.1

Because anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy has become increasingly popular in many Asian countries, the risk of developing active tuberculosis (TB) among anti-TNF users may raise serious health problems in this region. Thus, the Asian Organization for Crohn’s and Colitis and the Asia Pacific Association of Gastroenterology have developed a set of consensus statements about risk assessment, detection and prevention of latent TB infection, and management of active TB infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) receiving anti-TNF treatment. Twenty-three consensus statements were initially drafted and then discussed by the committee members. The quality of evidence and the strength of recommendations were assessed by using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methodology. Web- based consensus voting was performed by 211 IBD specialists from 9 Asian countries concerning each statement. A consensus statement was accepted if at least 75% of the participants agreed. Part 1 of the statements comprised 2 parts: risk of TB infection Recommenda-during anti-TNF therapy, and screening for TB infection prior to commencing anti-TNF therapy. These consensus statements will help clinicians optimize patient outcomes by reducing the morbidity and mortality related to TB infections in patients with IBD receiving anti-TNF treatment. (Intest Res 2018;16:4-16)

Metabolomes and transcriptomes revealed the saponin distribution in root tissues of Panax quinquefolius and Panax notoginseng

Wei, Guangfei,Yang, Feng,Wei, Fugang,Zhang, Lianjuan,Gao, Ying,Qian, Jun,Chen, Zhongjian,Jia, Zhengwei,Wang, Yong,Su, He,Dong, Linlin,Xu, Jiang,Chen, Shilin The Korean Society of Ginseng 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.6

Background: Panax quinquefolius and Panax notoginseng are widely used and well known for their pharmacological effects. As main pharmacological components, saponins have different distribution patterns in the root tissues of Panax plants. Methods: In this study, the representative ginsenosides were detected and quantified by desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography analysis to demonstrate saponin distribution in the root tissues of P. quinquefolius and P. notoginseng, and saponin metabolite profiles were analyzed by metabolomes to obtain the biomarkers of different root tissues. Finally, the transcriptome analysis was performed to demonstrate the molecular mechanisms of saponin distribution by gene profiles. Results: There was saponin distribution in the root tissues differed between P. quinquefolius and P. notoginseng. Eight-eight and 24 potential biomarkers were detected by metabolome analysis, and a total of 340 and 122 transcripts involved in saponin synthesis that were positively correlated with the saponin contents (R > 0.6, P < 0.05) in the root tissues of P. quinquefolius and P. notoginseng, respectively. Among them, GDPS1, CYP51, CYP64, and UGT11 were significantly correlated with the contents of Rg1, Re, Rc, Rb2, and Rd in P. quinquefolius. UGT255 was markedly related to the content of R1; CYP74, CYP89, CYP100, CYP103, CYP109, and UGT190 were markedly correlated with the Rd content in P. notoginseng.

C-type natriuretic peptide attenuates renal osteodystrophy through inhibition of FGF-23/MAPK signaling

Dong Dong Zhang,Yang Fang Wu,Wei Xia Chen,Yao Xu,Si Yan Liu,Huang Huang Luo,Guang Mei Jiang,Yue Wu,Peng Hu 생화학분자생물학회 2019 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.51 No.-

Renal osteodystrophy (ROD) occurs as early as chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 2 and seems ubiquitous in almost all pediatric patients with CKD stage 5. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-23, a bone-derived endocrine regulator of phosphate homeostasis, is overexpressed in CKD and disturbs osteoblast differentiation and matrix mineralization. In contrast, C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) acts as a potent positive regulator of bone growth. In the present study, we infused CNP into uremic rats and observed whether CNP could attenuate ROD through the inhibition of FGF-23 cascades. In uremic rats, CNP administration significantly alleviated renal dysfunction, calcium phosphate metabolic disorders, hypovitaminosis D, secondary hyperparathyroidism, the decrease in bone turnover markers and retarded bone pathological progression. More importantly, within FGF-23/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, the fibroblast growth factor receptor-1, Klotho and alternative (STAT-1/phospho-STAT-1) elements were upregulated by CNP, whereas FGF-23, RAF-1/phospho-RAF-1, and downstream (ERK/phospho-ERK and P38/phospho-P38) elements were paradoxically underexpressed in bone tissue. Therefore, CNP exerts a therapeutic effect on ROD through inhibition of FGF-23/MAPK signaling at the RAF-1 level.

Preparation of the polyester/cotton composite yarn with alternating segmented structure and interval color via a promising physical spinning approach

Wei Wei,Qinglun Tang,Hengxing Tang,Jun Chen,Kun Yan,Dong Wang 한국의류학회 2021 Fashion and Textiles Vol.8 No.1

Herein, a novel kind of composite yarn with alternating segmented structure and interval color has been prepared based on a ring spinning approach. By adjusting the relative motion and blend ratio of the colored polyester filament and natural cotton staple fiber in yarn spinning process, a series of composite yarns were designed and prepared with various segmented structure and cyclical change of the distinct colors. The blend ratio was found to strongly influence on the segment frequency and yarn performance, achieving an improved mechanical property and yarn performance. A color systematic analysis indicated that the combination of alternating structural change induced interval color sense and gradient at the merged regions would lead to an enhanced stereoscopic visual effect of the composite yarns. Moreover, the composite yarns were confirmed to have an excellent weavability and able to endow different patterns and visual effects to the textiles. Thus, considering of the above advantages and multifunctionalities, this work should spur great possibilities for dyeing industry with the promising physical spinning method.

Asiatic Acid Protects Dopaminergic Neurons from Neuroinflammation by Suppressing Mitochondrial ROS Production

( Dong Chen ),( Xiao-ya Zhang ),( Jing Sun ),( Qi-jie Cong ),( Wei-xiong Chen ),( Hafiz Muhammad Ahsan ),( Jing Gao ),( Jin-jun Qian ) 한국응용약물학회 2019 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.27 No.5

This study sought to evaluate the effects of Asiatic acid in LPS-induced BV2 microglia cells and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridine (MPP+)-induced SH-SY5Y cells, to investigate the potential anti-inflammatory mechanisms of Asiatic acid in Parkinson’s disease (PD). SH-SY5Y cells were induced using MPP+ to establish as an in vitro model of PD, so that the effects of Asiatic acid on dopaminergic neurons could be examined. The NLRP3 inflammasome was activated in BV2 microglia cells to explore potential mechanisms for the neuroprotective effects of Asiatic acid. We showed that Asiatic acid reduced intracellular production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and altered the mitochondrial membrane potential to regulate mitochondrial dysfunction, and suppressed the NLRP3 inflammasome in microglia cells. We additionally found that treatment with Asiatic acid directly improved SH-SY5Y cell viability and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by MPP+. These data demonstrate that Asiatic acid both inhibits the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by downregulating mitochondrial reactive oxygen species directly to protect dopaminergic neurons from, and improves mitochondrial dysfunction in SH-SY5Y cells, which were established as a model of Parkinson’s disease. Our finding reveals that Asiatic acid protects dopaminergic neurons from neuroinflammation by suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation in microglia cells as well as protecting dopaminergic neurons directly. This suggests a promising clinical use of Asiatic acid for PD therapy.